• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.195-205
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stability techniques on walking speed, trunk stability, and balance in stroke patients. Methods: Ten stroke patients volunteered to participate in the study, and each of subjects was randomly assigned to either the stability technique (ST) group (n=5) or to the treadmill (TM) group (n=5). Each therapeutic exercise program was provided for 30 minutes a day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The ST group performed a PNF pattern combined with stabilizing reversal and rhythmic stabilization of the PNF stability technique. Walking speed (measured using a 10-meter walking test), trunk stability (TIS), and balance (BBS, FRT) were evaluated before and after training. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. The significance level for statistical inspection was set at 0.05. Results: Both groups showed improvements on the 10-meter walking test, the trunk impairment scale, the Berg balance scale, and the functional reaching test. Conclusion: PNF stability techniques are effective for improving trunk stability, balance, and walking speed in stroke patients. For stroke patients, PNF stability techniques are very useful and effective, including in clinical practice.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2006

Purpose : Improved walking is a common goal after stroke. Although the neurodevelopmental intervention(PNF) is the most widely used approach in the walking training of hemiparetic subjects. There is little neurophysiological evidence for its presumed effects on gait symmetry and facilitation of paretic muscles during the therapeutic intervention. The study, therefore, investigated the immediate effects of gait entrainment by a PNF techniques. Methods : Included persons with stroke who were living in the community. Sixteen subjects were assigned to the experimental group participated in a measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment, post-treatment(8 weeks). Temporal-spatial parameter of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. Intervention : Training for the experimental group was carried out 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The training sessions were comprised of 50 minutes of walking with pattern and techniques in PNF. Results : The experimental group had improvements in the functional walking ability after 8 weeks treatment and Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score. The treatment group demonstrated significantly post-treatment test improvement in gait velocity, cadence and FAP. Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score(p<0.05). Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the PNF exercise intervention can improve functional gait ability. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of PNF treatment at improving locomotor function in chronic stroke.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation(PNF) and Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) of combined on gait ability in hemiplegic gait. Methods : The subjects of this study were 13 hemiplegic patients. Each subjects was taken PNF pattern and FES of combined with 5 times per week for 4weeks. Pre- and Post-intervention change in gait ability were measured using an Timed up and Go test, stride length of the affected side, step length of the affected side. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test. Results : The results of this study were showed significantly improvement in TUG, stride length of the affected side, step length of the affected side after intervention. Conclusion : These results suggest that the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation(PNF) and Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) of combined exercise is an effective way of improving gait ability for hemiplegic patients.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 20대 여대생을 대상으로 45도 기대어 앉은 자세와 바로 누운 자세에서 PNF를 융합한 호흡운동을 실시하였을 때 폐기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 20대 정상인 20명을 대상으로 실험군 10명, 대조군 10명으로 무작위 배치하였다. 실험은 4주간 실시하였으며, 주당 5회 30분씩 실시하였다. 실험군은 45도 기대어 앉은 자세에서 PNF 호흡운동 30분을 실시하였고 대조군은 바로 누운 자세에서 PNF 호흡운동 30분을 실시하였다. 실험대상자들은 실험전과 실험후에 폐활량분석기를 통해 폐기능을 평가하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 실험군이 대조군보다 호기예비용적과 폐활량, 최대환기량에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 45도 기대어 앉은 자세에서 PNF호흡패턴운동을 실시한 실험군이 바로 누워 PNF호흡운동을 실시한 대조군보다 폐기능의 증진을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.281-292
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 PNF 중 스프린터 패턴 적용 시 하지의 근 활성도가 균형 능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 다음과 같이 실시하였다. 편마비 환자 24명을 대조군과 실험군으로 나누어 실험군에 주 3회, 6주 동안 PNF의 상 하지 패턴의 결합인 스프린터 패턴(Sprinter pattern)을 실시하였다. 하지 근활성도는 내 외측광근, 내 외측슬괵근, 외측비복근의 활동전위의 실효치 값을 분석하였다. 균형 능력 검사는 FICSIT-4, FSST, MTD-Balance system 이용하여 측정하였다. 운동 적용 방법에 따른 측정 시점에 대한 대조군과 실험군의 유의성 검정은 Two-way repeated measure ANOVA를 실시하였고, 각 측정 항목들 간의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 Pearson correlation으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 스프린터 패턴의 적용은 마비측 하지의 근 활성도를 증가시켜 정적 및 동적 균형능력을 향상시키는데 효과가 있었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 마비측 하지의 효율적 근동원을 위한 치료적 중재프로그램으로 적극적인 활용과 함께 다양한 운동 패턴들과 결합시켜 새로운 중재를 개발할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2021

PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in the respiratory function when PNF chopping and lifting patterns were used in chronic stroke patients METHOD: The subjects were 30 patients diagnosed with chronic stroke. The respiratory function (FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC) were measured by spirometry. Thirty subjects were divided randomly into an experimental group to which 15 PNF chopping and lifting were applied and a control group to which chest breathing exercise was performed. The intervention was conducted three times a week for six 6 weeks. To examine the effects of intervention, the pre- and post-intervention values for each group were compared using a paired t-test. An independent t-test was used to compare the differences in the values of changes pre- and post-intervention in the two groups. Statistical significance was set to .05. RESULTS: Satistically significant differences in FVC and FEV₁ were observed in both the experimental group and control group according to the intervention (p < .05). A statistically significant difference was found in FVC and FEV₁ compared to values of changes pre- and post-intervnetion between the experimental and control groups. There was no difference in FEV₁/FVC. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that PNF chopping and lifting can be applied as an excellent respiratory intervention program compared to general chest breathing exercises to improve respiratory function in stroke patients.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2015

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of distal movement on shoulder muscle activation during diagonal pattern of exercises. METHODS: Seventeen healthy male participants volunteered to participate. Five muscles of shoulder were investigated during standing performance of diagonal shoulder exercises with and without visual trace. Two patterns of the diagonal exercises were used as diagonal 1 flexion and extension (D1F-E), and diagonal 2 flexion and extension (D2F-E). Two way repeated measures analysis of variance was used, which the factor was the presence of distal movement and exercise variations. RESULTS: The average muscle activity values of the lower trapezius and anterior deltoid are higher with the D2F-E, compared to the D1F-E (p<.05). The distal movement effect was observed within included all muscles except the lower trapezius, which the values are significantly greater in exercise with distal movement (P<.05). All significant increase of the muscles during the exercise with distal movement condition showed over 0.9 for the observed power in present study. CONCLUSION: Present result suggested that the diagonal pattern of exercise with distal movement has additional advantages of activating the scapulothoracic muscle as well as glenohumeral muscles. In addition, the D2F-E exercise pattern is effective for activating lower trapezius and anterior deltoid muscles.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.311-319
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The study examined the effects of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise and protein intake on balance, gait ability, and lower extremity muscular strength for sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods: A total of 30 elderly people (65~74years) with sarcopenia were recruited and randomized to Group I (n=10), Group II (n=10), and Group III (n=10). Their balance ability was measured using the functional reach test. Group I performed the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise and protein intake. Group II performed the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise. Group III performed protein intake. Their gait ability was measured using the Timed Up and Go test. Lower extremity muscular strength was measured using the Five Times Sit to Stand test. Results: As a result of comparison within groups, Group I and Group II showed a significant difference in balance, gait, and lower extremity muscular strength after the experiment (p<0.05), and Group I showed a more effectively significant difference than either Group II or Group III in balance, gait, and lower extremity muscular strength before and after the experiment (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns exercise and protein intake was effective in balance, gait ability, and lower extremity muscular strength for sarcopenia in the elderly.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the chopping pattern of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the neglect, balance ability, and activities of daily living in stroke patients with hemi-spatial neglect. METHODS: Twenty stroke patients with neglect volunteered for this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to either the experimental group (EG, n=10) or control group (CG, n=10). The chopping pattern of PNF and exercise therapy were applied in the EG and CG, respectively, for four weeks. Neglect, balance, and activities of daily living were evaluated at the pre-and post-intervention. The assessment tools included a line-bisection test, balance test using Space balance 3D, and modified Barthel index. The pre-and post-intervention values were compared in each group using a paired t-test and the between-group differences were assessed using an independent t-test. Statistical significance was set to ${\alpha}=.05$ for all variables. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the EG and CG in terms of neglect, balance, and activities of daily living (p<.05). Both groups showed significant improvement in neglect, balance, and activities of daily living (p<.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the chopping pattern of PNF is effective in improving the hemi-spatial neglect, balance, and activities of daily living in stroke patients with neglect.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.20-29
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pelvic and lower extremity exercise on the gait in 25 patients(11 men, 14 women) with hemiplegia. Their mean age was 65.2 years and the mean post-onset duration was 8.7 months. Each participant received a total of 15 sessions of PNF(five times per week), and each session lasted 40 minutes and consisted of 2 procedures(20 minutes each). The first procedure was pelvic anterior elevation and posterior depression pattern. And the second procedure was lower extremity flexion-adduction with knee flexion pattern. Results showed significant progressive improvement in gait speed and cadence after each 5 session period(5th, 10th, 15th session) compared with pre-treatment data(P<0.05). Furthermore improvements were noted in stride length.