• Title/Summary/Keyword: PMI5CA

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Electro-Optical characteristics of Flexible Liquid Crystal Display using Photoploymer Surface (광폴리머 표면을 이용한 플렉서블 액정디스플레이의 전기광학 특성)

  • Choi, Sung-Ho;Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon;Lee, Whee-Won;Kim, Jong-Hwan;Kim, Young-Hwan;Kim, Tae-Ho;Seo, Dae-Shik
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.05a
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    • pp.189-192
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    • 2005
  • We have investigated the EO characteristics generation of pretilt angle for a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with photoalignment method on three kinds of photopolymer surfaces using polymer substrates. The LC homogeneous alignment were observed on the PMI3CA (N-(phenyl)maleimide with 3-carbon chain cinnamoyl group) and PMIF (N-(phenyl)maleimide including fluoro cinnamoyl group). However, the homeotropic alignment on the PMI5CA(N-(phenyl)maleimide with 5-carbon chain cinnamoyl group) was obtained. Also, EO characteristics of the flexible photoaligned TN-LCD using PMIF surface are better than that of the flexible TN-LCD using PMI3CA surface. Also, the stable EO performances of flexible photoaligned VA-LCD using the PMI5CA surface was observed.

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Effects of Liquid Crystal Alignment on the Photopolymer based Poly[N-(phenyl)maleimide] (Poly[N-(phenyl)maleimide]계 광폴리머를 이용한 액정배향효과)

  • 황정연;서대식;김준영;이재호;김태호
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.14 no.10
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    • pp.845-849
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    • 2001
  • The new phto-alignment material PMI5CA, poly{N-(phenyl)maleimide-co-3-[4-(pentyloxy) cinamate]porpyl-2-hydroxy-1-methacrylate}, was synthesized and the electro-optical (EO)characteristics in the vertical-aligned(VA) liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligned on the photopolymer surface were studied. Excellent Voltage-transmittance(V-T) characteristics in the VA-LCD photoaligned with polarized UV exposure of oblique direction on the pohotopolymer surface for 1 min can be achieve. The transmittance of the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface decreased with increasing UV exposure time. We suggest that decrease of transmittance in the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface is attributed to the dissociation of the ester linkage in the photodimerized cinnamate structure with increasing UV exposure time.

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Liquid Crystal Aligning Capabilities on the Photopolymer Based Maleimide (Maleimide계 폴리머를 이용한 액정배향특성)

  • Lee, Yun-Gun;Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon;Seo, Dae-Shik;Kim, Jun-Young;Lee, Jae-Ho;Kim, Tae-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.11b
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    • pp.358-361
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    • 2001
  • A new photoalignment material PMI5CA, poly{N-(phenyl)maleimide-co-3-[4-(pentyloxy) cinnamate]propyl-2-hydroxy-1-methacrylate}, was synthesized and the electra-optical (EO) characteristics in the vertical-aligned (VA) liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligned on the photopolymer surface were studied. Excellent voltage-transmittance(V-T) characteristics in the VA-LCD photoaligned with polarized UV exposure of oblique direction on the pohotopolymer surfaces for 1 min can be achieved. The transmittance of the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface decreased with increasing UV exposure time. We suggest that the decrease of transmittance in the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface is attributed to the dissociation of the ester linkage in the photodimerized cinnamate structure with increasing UV exposure time

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A Study on Liquid Crystal Alignment Effect on a Photopolymer Layer Based N-(phenyl)maleim ids Containing Three Kind of the Substituent (3가지 종류의 치환기를 함유한 N-(phenyl)maleimide계 광폴리머 표면을 이용한 액정 배향 효과에 관한 연구)

  • 황정연;이윤건;서대식;김준영;김태호
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.264-268
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    • 2002
  • Three types of polymer, a photoalignment material based N- (phenol)maleimide were synthesized and the liquid crystal (LC) aligning capabilities on the photopolymer layer were studied. A good LC alignment with UV exposure on the PMI5CA(N-(phenol)maleimide with 5-carbon chain cinnamoyl group) can be obtained. However, the LC alignment defects were observed on the PM13CA (N-(phenol)maleimide with 3-carbon chain cinnamoyl group) and PMIF (N-(phenyl)maleimide including fluoro cinnamoyl group). Also, the good LC alignment with UV exposure on the PM15CA surface was observed at until $150^{\circ}C$ of annealing temperature. The LC aligning ability on the photopolymer layer based N-(phenol)maleimide depends on the side chain length of photopolymer.

Liquid Crystal Aligning Capabilities on the Photopolymer Based Maleimide (Maleimide계 폴리머를 이용한 액정배향특성)

  • 이윤건;황정연;서대식;김준영;이재호;김태호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.358-361
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    • 2001
  • A new photoalignment material PM15CA, poly{N-(phenyl)maleimide-co-3-[4-(pentyloxy) cinnamate]propyl-2-hydroxy-1-methacrylate}, was synthesized and the electro-optical (EO) characteristics in the vertical-aligned (VA) liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligned on the photopolymer surface were studied. Excellent voltage-transmittance(V-T) characteristics in the VA-LCD photoaligned with polarized UV exposure of oblique direction on the pohotopolymer surfaces for 1 min can be achieved. The transmittance of the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface decreased with increasing UV exposure time. We suggest that the decrease of transmittance in the VA-LCD photoaligned on the photopolymer surface is attributed to the dissociation of the ester linkage in the photodimerized cinnamate structure with increasing UV exposure time

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Evaluation of Exogenous Promoters for Use in Brachiaria brizantha Transformation

  • Silveira Erica Duarte;Rodrigues Julio Carlyle Macedo;Cabral Glaucia Barbosa;Leite Juliana de Almeida;Costa Sidnei Souza;Carneiro Vera Tavares de Campos
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2003
  • Brachiaria (Poaceae) is the most important forage genus for cattle production in Brazil. The genetic breeding of this genus is limited by the incompatibility among species, differences in ploidy level and the natural cloning of plants by apomixis (Valle and Miles 1992). However, plant regeneration via tissue culture methods and genetic engineering provide an opportunity to introduce new characteristics in plants of this genus. We have developed methods for the 'genetic modification of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu via biolistic transformation. A higher number of shoots was obtained with 4 mg/L 2.4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.2 mg/L benzylaminopurine in calli induction medium and 0.1 mg/L naphtaleneacetic acid and 4.0 mg/L kinetin in shoot regeneration medium. A selection curve for mannose was determined to use phospho mannose isomerase (PMI) gene of Escherichia coli as a selection marker. Calli formation was inhibited from 5 g/L mannose, even in the presence of sucrose while calli that were formed in the presence of mannose failed to develop embryos showing that PMI gene can be used for selection of transformants of this grass. Different promoters were tested to evaluate the efficiency based on the detection of the GUS gene expression (Jefferson et al. 1987). The monocot promoters, act1-D and ubi-1, resulted in higher expression levels than dicot promoters, ubi-3 and act-2, or the CaMV35S and CVMV promoters.