• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.309-314
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• 2005

$PICS^{1}$는 터넷 내용물을 선별적으로 볼 수 있게 해주는 기반구조로서, 선별 소프트웨어와 등급 서비스들 간에 효과적으로 동작할 수 있게 도와주는 기술규격이다. 또한 시맨틱 $PICS^{1}$은 팀 버너스 리가 창안한 차세대 웹 기술로서 온롤로지를 기반으로 웹 데이터를 기계가 인식하고 자원의 공유와 재사용이 가능하다는 장점을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 시맨틱 웹 개념을 도입한 지능형 무선 PICS 환경을 구현함으로서 개선된 무선 웹 서비스 환경을 제안한다. 그리고 사전 연구를 통해 구현된 무선 PICS 환경을 초석으로 온톨로지 기술언어인 RDF를 사용하여 지능형 PICS 환경을 구현한다. 끝으로 일반 웹에 시맨틱 웹 개념을 도입할 때 유념해야 할 스키마의 처리를 고려하고 PICS 환경에서 중심이 되는 PICS 레이블, PICS 규칙을 RDF 로 기술하여 데이터의 의미를 명확하게 하고 관리 능력을 향상시킨다.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.30-43
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• 2024

Purpose : Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is characterized by a constellation of mental health, physical, and cognitive impairments, and is recognized as a long-term sequela among survivors of intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to explore the impact of intensive care experience (ICE) on the development of PICS in individuals surviving critical care. Methods : This secondary analysis utilized data derived from a prospective, multicenter cohort study of ICU survivors. The cohort comprised 143 survivors who were enrolled between July and August 2019. The original study's participants completed the Korean version of the ICE questionnaire (K-ICEQ) within one week following discharge from the ICU. Of these, 82 individuals completed the PICS questionnaire (PICSQ) three months subsequent to discharge from hospital. The influence of ICE on the manifestation of PICS was examined through Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Result : The R² values of the final model ranged from 0.35 to 0.51, while the Q² values were all greater than 0, indicating adequacy for prediction of PICS. Notable pathways in the relationship between the four ICE dimensions and the three PICS domains included significant associations from 'ICE-awareness of surroundings' to 'PICS-cognitive', from 'ICE-recall of experience' to 'PICS-cognitive', and from 'ICE-frightening experiences' to 'PICS-mental health'. Analysis found no significant moderating effects of age or disease severity on these relationships. Additionally, gender differences were identified in the significant pathways within the model. Conclusion : Adverse ICU experiences may detrimentally impact the cognitive and mental health domains of PICS following discharge. In order to improve long-term outcomes of individuals who survive critical care, it is imperative to develop nursing interventions aimed at enhancing the ICU experience for patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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• 1999.08a
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• pp.245-248
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 인터넷 환경의 정보검색 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 메타데이터 기반구조인 PICS를 분석하여 인터넷 자원의 검색 및 필터링에 적용할 수 있는 요인들을 제시하였다. 또한 시스템의 실재 구현을 도모하기 위해 의학 정보를 위한‘OMNI-PICS’라는 등급체계의 프로토타입을 설정하고, 기계가독형 RAT파일을 설계하였다. 따라서 웹에서 특정 주제 영역을 다루는 주제게이트웨이들이 자원을 협력적으로 필터링하기 위한 표준 포맷으로 PICS 등급체계를 적용하여 운용할 수 있는 구체적 지침을 제공하였다.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of the replacement time intervals of 18 gauge peripheral intravenous catheters (PICs) by investigating the development of phlebitis. Methods: The subjects were 200 hospitalized patients over 18 yrs old aged who have 18 gauge PICs placed for surgery. After the insertion of PICs, the researcher monitored the insertion site daily for 96 hours for any signs of phlebitis. Results: Phlebitis developed in 25.7% of patients. Patients who developed phlebitis were significantly older and were receiving fluids with faster infusion rate. However, patients with and without phlebitis were not different by gender, insertion site, fluid osmolality, or pH of drugs administered. The incidence rate of phlebitis was higher than 10%(12.9%) starting 24~48 hours after the insertion of 18 gauge PICs. Conclusion: It is recommended to replace 18 gauge PICs within 24~48 hours after insertion. Close monitoring of the PICs insertion site for the signs of phlebitis is recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.271-297
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• 2007

Since the use of the Internet has proliferated, the availability of illegal and harmful content has been a great concern to both governments and Internet users. Among various solutions for issues related to such content, Internet content filtering technologies have been developed for enabling users to deal with harmful content. In recent years, commercial filtering has become massively popular. Many parents, teachers and even governments have chosen commercial filtering software as a feasible technical solution for protecting minors from harmful information on the Internet. The Internet content filtering software market has grown significantly. However, Internet content filtering software has led to intense debate among civil liberties groups, They deem this to be censorship and argue that Internet filtering technologies are simply unworkable because they have inherent weaknesses. They are critical of the fact that most filtering has violated free speech rights and will eventually wipe out honor and controversial, yet innocent incidences of free speech on the Internet. In this article Internet content filtering, in particular PICS/RDF-based label filtering, so-called Internet content rating system, will be explored and its advantages and drawbacks relating to end-users' autonomy and freedom of expression will be discussed.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.501-514
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• 1997

Manufacturing is fast entering a new age of industrial excellence that is being called "Agile Manufacturing." The goal of Agile Manufacturing is to link customers, suppliers, and the manufacturing system into a super-efficient confederation to produce a variety of products quickly and at a low cost. In order to improve the quality of the study of production input control(PIC) in a job shop manufacturing system by reducing the significant gap between research models and models of actual manufacturing systems, the previous line of research on PICs in a job shop manufacturing system is extended by integrating customers and suppliers with the manufacturing system. Then, a set of measures is developed to evaluate PICs, measures that reflect concerns of customers and suppliers as well as concerns of the manufacturer. Also, a weighted overall measure (with various cases to represent different possible weights of manufacturer's emphasis on the performance measures) is used to synthesize all the performance measures. Then, for each case, various existing PICs are evaluated in combination with various priority dispatching rules(PDRs).

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.785-788
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• 2004

인터넷의 범주는 기존의 유선망에 국한하지 않고 무선망에서도 영향력을 넓혀 가고 있다. 그런 상황에서 유선 인터넷에서 나타난 유해정보의 무분별한 유입에 대한 문제들이 무선 인터넷으로 확산되고 있다. 인터넷 내용선별 체계(Platform for Internet Content Selection: PICS)는 인터넷 컨텐츠를 선별적으로 달 수 있게 해주는 기반구조로서, 선별 소프트웨어와 등급 서비스들 간에 잘 동작할 수 있게 도와주는 기술규격이다. 그러나 기존 PICS 관련기술들은 유선 환경만을 언급하고 있기 때문에 무선 환경에 맞는 내용선별 기술이 필요하다. 따라서 우리는 사전 연구를 통해 무선 환경에 PICS를 적용할 수 있다는 것을 보였고 이론적인 도입 방안을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서는 무선 인터넷 서비스 환경에서 PICS 도입을 위해 고려해야할 사항을 살펴보고 사전 연구를 통해 제시된 방안을 구현함으로서 검증한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.549-552
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• 2004

인터넷 내용선별 체계(Platform for Internet Content Selection: PICS)는 인터넷 내용물을 선별적으로 볼 수 있게 해주는 기반구조로서, 선별 소프트웨어와 등급 서비스들 간에 잘 동작할 수 있게 도와주는 기술규격이다. 그러나 기존 PICS 관련기술들은 유선환경만을 언급하고 있기 때문에 무선환경에 맞는 내용선별 기술이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서 우리는 기존 유선망 중심의 PICS 관련기술들이 무선인터넷 내용선별을 위해 적용 가능한지에 중심을 둔 연구수행 결과를 언급한다. 그리고 몇몇 기타 고려사항들을 제공한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.9
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• pp.436-442
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• 2021

This article aimed to summarize the impact and burden of pediatric postintensive care syndrome (PICS-p) in the physical, mental, cognitive, and social health domains after a review of the current pediatric literature in MEDLINE and PubMed. We also aimed to elucidate the limitations of the current evaluation tools used in limited-resource settings. PICS-p can impact a child's life for decades. Most validated tools are time-consuming, require qualifications, and expertise, are often limited to older children, and can evaluate only one domain. A novel, simple, and comprehensive surveillance tool can aid healthcare providers in the early detection and intervention of PICS-p. Further studies should validate and refine the parameters that will enhance the outcomes of pediatric intensive care unit survivors.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

Purpose: To investigate the post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) and to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) of survivors of critical illness. Methods: Subjects were 114 outpatients who had been discharged from intensive care units of a university hospital in B city, Korea. From July 30 through September 30, 2015, PICS was assessed using the Korean Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, Korean Instrumental/Activities of Daily Living (K-I/ADL) index, and handwriting transformation, while physical and mental health-related QoL was measured using the SF-12. Results: Of the subjects, 39.5% were screened for mild cognitive disorder and 23.7% experienced handwriting transformation after discharge. Multiple regression analysis revealed that restraint application, current job, time of ${\geq}36$ months after discharge, depression, anxiety, and handwriting transformation accounted for 40.9% of the physical health-related QoL, and depression, anxiety and experience of delirium accounted for 62.4% of the mental health-related QoL. Conclusions: It is necessary to make efforts to reduce restraint application in intensive care units and prevent the occurrence of delirium, with the objective of reducing PICS and improving the QoL of critical illness survivors.