• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.211-221
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• 2006

The aim of present study was to evaluate the influence of periodontal status of adjacent tooth and loading time to the prevalence of red complex of implant sulcus. In 97 patients, partially edentulous subjects with endosseous root-form implants were selected. All subjects were medically healthy and had not taken systemic antibiotics and professional plaque control 3 months before sampling. The number was as follows: clinically healthy implants:161, clinically unhealthy implants:22, clinically healthy adjacent teeth:73, clinically unhealthy adjacent teeth:38. All teeth and implants of each patient were examined probing depth(PD), modified sulcus bleeding index(mSBI), and modified plaque index(mPI), and samples of subgingival plaque were obtained at each site with sterile curet or fine paper points, then the plaque transferred to PBS. Obtained samples were examined for the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, and T. denticola by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relationship among clinical parameters and the colonizations by the 3 bacterial species from adjacent teeth and implants region were analyzed by student t-test (p<0.05). The results of this study were as follows: 1. mPI and mSBI of implant increased with increasing of same indices of adjacent tooth(p=0.03,0.001), but not in the PD . 2. The mPI, mBI, PD of implants was higher when red complex exist. 3. The prevalence of red complex was higher when the periodontal condition is unhealthy. 4. The prevalence of red complex of implants has no significant relation to the probing depth of adjacent tooth. 5. Prevalence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis of implants increased with loading time. (p=0.02,0.018) These results shows the importance of oral hygiene and supportive periodontal therapy.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.10-12
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• 2004

Recently, Datta at al. [1] have developed a metDattad of obtaining the complete set of stabilizing PI, PID controllers for a given LTI system, in which tDattase are determined by solving a set of linear inequalities parameterized by the proportional(P) gain. In this paper, we provide a note about Dattaw Datta's idea can be extended to the problem of finding all stabilizing PD controllers and about an improved metDattad that allows us to calculate the admissible range of P gain more rigorously. An illustrative example is given.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.340-354
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• 2020

Purpose: This pilot study was conducted to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of an angled implant brush for home oral hygiene of full-arch fixed-implant prostheses. Methods: Forty-one patients treated with a full-arch implant rehabilitation in the maxilla or mandible (164 implants) for at least 4 months were enrolled. The screw-retained fixed prostheses were removed and baseline (T0) parameters were recorded, including plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). All patients completed a 5-item questionnaire on hygiene maintenance and received an implant brush for home hygiene. After 1 month (T1) PI, PD, and BOP were recorded again and patients completed a 7-item questionnaire to evaluate their satisfaction with the implant brush. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate the significance of changes in PI, PD, and BOP. A P value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: A statistically significant reduction of BOP (0.62±0.6 at T0 vs. 0.5±0.5 at T1; P=0.032) was found, while no statistically significant changes in PD (1.74±0.5 mm at T0 vs. 1.77±0.5 mm at T1; P=0.050) or PI (1.9±0.7 at T0 vs. 1.7±0.7 at T1; P=0.280) occurred. According to the 7-item questionnaire, patients reported no difficulty in using the angled brush (63.4%) and deemed it highly (46.3%) or very highly (4.8%) effective in improving their home oral hygiene. Conclusions: Within the limits of the present pilot study, the patients experienced a reduction of BOP 1 month after being instructed to use the angled implant brush. The angled implant brush appeared to be a well-accepted device for home-care hygiene of full-arch fixed-implant rehabilitations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of warming and precipitation manipulation on seasonal changes in fine root production (FRP) and fine root mortality (FRM) of 33-month-old Pinus densiflora seedlings for two years. The seedlings in warmed plots were warmed with $3.0^{\circ}C$ higher using infrared heaters. The air temperature of warmed (TW) plots was set to increase by $3^{\circ}C$ compared to temperature control (TC) plots, and the three precipitation manipulation consisted of precipitation decrease (-30%; PD), precipitation increase (+30%; PI) and precipitation control (0%; PC). FRP ($mm\;mm^{-2}\;day^{-1}$) was significantly altered by only precipitation manipulation (PC: 3.57, PD: 4.59, PI: 3.02), while warming had no significant effect on the FRP and FRM. Meanwhile, interactions between warming and precipitation manipulation and seasonal changes had no significant effects on FRP and FRM. However, the influences of seasonal changes in soil temperature and soil moisture on FRP and FRM were different according to warming. In TW plots, FRP showed a positive relationship with soil temperature, and FRM showed a negative relationship with soil moisture. On the other hand, in the TC plots, FRP showed a positive relationship with soil moisture, and there were no relationships between FRM and soil temperature and moisture. These results indicate that the climate factors that affect FRP and FRM might vary as the warming progresses.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.882-889
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• 2022

Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3 (BCAR3) has been identified as one of the genes that induces anti-estrogen resistance in breast cancer. We have previously reported that BCAR3 activates promoters of c-Jun, activator protein-1, and the serum response element. In this study, we investigated the functional role of BCAR3 in the activation of the estrogen response element (ERE) in normal human breast MCF-12A cells. Transient expression of BCAR3 induced ERE activation, which was further increased by 17β-estradiol treatment but was not blocked by the anti-estrogen tamoxifen. Next, we studied the signaling pathway of BCAR3 leading to ERE activation. BCAR3-mediated ERE activation was inhibited by LY294002 and AZD5363, inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase pathway, but not by PD98059 and U0126, inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. ERE activation was induced by the catalytic subunit p110α. of PI3-kinase or the active mutant of Akt, and this activation was not further increased by additional BCAR3 transfection. Based on these results, we propose that BCAR3 plays an important role in ERE activation through the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway in human breast MCF-12A cells.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.231-239
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• 2018

Parkinson's disease (PD), one of common neurodegenerative diseases, is caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD is associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside) was reported to have protective properties against oxidative stress by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of hyperoside against 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ($MPP^+$)-induced cell model of PD and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Hyperoside significantly decreased $MPP^+$-induced cell death, accompanied by a reduction in poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Furthermore, it attenuated $MPP^+$-induced intracellular ROS and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), with the reduction of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, hyperoside significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt, but it has no effects on $GSK3{\beta}$ and MAPKs. Pharmacological inhibitor of PI3K/Akt abolished the cytoprotective effects of hyperoside against $MPP^+$. Taken together, these results demonstrate that hyperoside significantly attenuates $MPP^+$-induced neurotoxicity through PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings suggest that hyperoside might be one of the potential candidates for the treatment of PD.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2002

In this paper, we Propose a PD+I fuzzy controller using an error-accumulating applying factor. In fuzzy control, analytical study was done formerly, in which fuzzy control can be classified by PD type and PI type, and also the study for getting merits of both types was done, too. But the mixed type has a complex structure and many parameters. The proposed fuzzy controller is 2-input 2-out-put and PD type fuzzy control is used as a basic structure. And the proposed controller annihilates a steady-state error and improves transient responses because of using the error-accumulating applying factor which is determined in the real time along the current state of controlled process. Futhermore it is easy to tune the system because of decreasing the number of scaling factors and the I type controller with resetting resolves the integral wind-up problem. Finally we apply the proposed scheme to various plants and show the performance betterment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.73-82
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• 2011

The solid insulation system of stator windings in high voltage rotational machines is usually aging in accordance with long time operation. The partial discharge test have been known to check whether insulation deterioration exist or not, and the PD test can effectively diagnose a solid insulation condition regardless of during operation(on-line) or not(off-line). The on-line PD measurement have proven to be a successful technique in monitoring stator insulation condition nowadays. This paper describes the characteristics of comparing the on-line PD measurement data using PDMS-HG(Partial Discharge Monitoring System for Hydro-electric Generator) installed in field with the off-line diagnosis measurement data(insulation resistance, winding resistance, PI, ${\Delta}tan{\delta}$ and PD) on hydro generator(13[kV]) stator windings. These results make good use of managing rotational machines through evaluating the solid insulation condition of stator windings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.221-224
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• 1996

We synthesized amphiphilic material including dye skeleton, p-phenylenediamine(PD) by attaching norma-decyl group of two strands at a part of coordinating atom, for obtaining reasonable design of LB uniform films. The synthesis of this compounds was quantitatively carried out under ultra pure state. This product was identified with FT-lR spectroscopy, UV absortion spectroscopy, and $^1$H-NMR spectroscopy, respectively. When manufacturing monolayer, we confirmed molecular area from pressure-area($\pi$-A) cutie of thiscompound onto the surface of the water. The spectroscopic approach also has done by UV absortion spectroscopy. It was shown that PD-complex LBfilms were deposited well with monolayer thickness. The conductivity based on I-V characteristics of PD-complex LB films were in the range of 10$^{-10}$ S/cm at room temperture. The microscopic properties by AFM, showed the good orientation of various monolayer or multilayer molecules

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.415-421
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• 1999

This paper indicate that phase resolved partial discharge patterns are investigated on PET films containing artificial void of varing dimensions. In this study, we measured phase-resolved PD patterns and statistical parameter from PET specimens with IGT(insulation/airgap/insulation) structure by IEC 270 standard. Measurement system is the conventional PD detector using digital signal processing technique. The relationship of diameter and location of artificial void was discussed through the difference of $\pi$-q-n distribution and statistical analysis.