• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine the muscle activities of the erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (Gmax), gluteus medius (Gmed), and the hamstring (HAM) and the ratios of Gmax/ES, Gmax/HAM, and Gmed/HAM during the prone heel squeeze (PHS) with different knee flexion angles ($45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and $135^{\circ}$). Fifteen young and healthy subjects (8 men, 7 women) were recruited for the study. Surface electromyography signals were collected on ES, Gmax, Gmed, and HAM during PHS. A separate one-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to determine the significance of the muscle activities of ES, Gmax, Gmed, and HAM and the ratios of Gmax/ES, Gmax/HAM, and Gmed/HAM with different knee flexion angles during PHS. There was a significant increase in the Gmax activity at the knee flexion of $90^{\circ}$ in comparison with that of the $45^{\circ}$ (p=.016). There were significant increases in the Gmed activity at the knee flexion of $90^{\circ}$ (p=.008) and $135^{\circ}$ (p=.006) in comparison with that of the $45^{\circ}$. There were significant decreases in the HAM activity at the knee flexion of $90^{\circ}$ (p=.009) and $135^{\circ}$ (p=.004) in comparison with that of the $45^{\circ}$. There were significant increases in the Gmax/HAM muscle activity ratio at the knee flexion of $90^{\circ}$ (p=.007) and $135^{\circ}$ (p=.012) in comparison with that of the $45^{\circ}$. There were significant increase in the Gmed/HAM muscle activity ratio at the knee flexion of $135^{\circ}$ in comparison with that of the $45^{\circ}$ (p=.008). The knee flexion of $90^{\circ}$ during PHS can induce decreasing activity of HAM and increasing activity of Gmax, and the knee flexion of $135^{\circ}$ during PHS can induce decreasing activity of HAM and increasing activity of Gmed. Hence, PHS with different knee flexion positions could be considered for the different target muscle.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.269-269
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• 2022

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) on rice panicles is getting problematic in recent several years in Korea due to climate changes such as high temperature and more frequent typhoons during harvesting season. PHS negatively affects grain quality severely and also yield. Genetic improvement of Korean varieties (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica) through a marker assisted-backcross breeding (MAB) with the known PHS resistant genes must be one of ideal solutions. However, the final breeding products of MAB occasionally exhibit unwanted traits, especially the cross between genetically distant parents. This might be caused by linkage drag and/or presence of the gene-unlinked donor introgressions, resulting that the final products could not be released to the farmers. The major PHS resistance gene, Sdr4 (Seed dormancy 4) originated from an indica cultivar, Kasalath was selected as a donor gene. In order to avoid unexpected phenotypes in the breeding products, we performed a precision marker-based breeding (PMBB) consisting of foreground, recombinant, and background selections (FS, RS, and BS) which aim to develop 'single small introgression lines' (~100 kb introgression). Korean varieties (Ilpum and Gopum) were crossed with Kasalath. We developed Sdr4-allele specific markers for FS and a set of polymorphic flanking markers near the Sdr4 (-350kb and +420kb) for RS. To minimize linkage drag, the small introgression (< 125kb) containing Sdr4 was selected in Ilpum background (BC₂F₄) through 1^st RS with ~1,200 F₂ or BC₁F₂ plants (one side trimmed) and then 2^nd RS with ~1,000 progenies from the 1^st RS selected plants (another side trimmed). After RS, the selected lines were genotyped by using Infinium 7K SNP chip to detect other donor introgressions and the lines were backcrossed. Currently BS is on-going from the backcross-derived progenies with BS markers to remove residual introgressions. During the PMBB process, genetic effect of Sdr-4-Kasalath allele was confirmed in Ilpum and Gopum backgrounds by PHS phenotyping using the segregating BC₂F₃ or BC₁F₄ materials. The Sdr4 PMBB lines in Ilpum background (< 125kb introgression) will be valuable genetic resources to improve PHS resistance in modem popular temperate japonica varieties.

• TTA 저널
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• 통권36호
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• pp.95-104
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• 1994

간이형 휴대전화 시스템 실용화실험 협의회는 국내 전기통신 사업자, 통신장비 제조업체, 관련 정부기관 및 관련단체의 협조와 참여를 통하여 1993년 7월 6일 설립되었다. 이 협의회는 간이형 휴대전화 시스템(PHS)에 대한 실용화실험의 여러 형태에 관련된 정보의 교환을 조정하고, 실용화의 원활한 구현을 촉진하기 위하여 구성되었다. 이들의 활동을 통하여 협의회는 이 새로운 통신 서비스에 대한 공공의 합의를 토대로 실질적인 PHS의 개념을 설정하는 업무를 처리한다. 이 최종보고서는 협의회에 의해서 1993년 10월부터 1994년 10월까지 1년여 기간동안 일본 도처의 여러지역에서 실시된 실용화실험의 결과로 제출되었다. 이 보고서가 더 나은 PHS의 구현에 도움이 될 것을 희망한다.

• TTA 저널
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• 통권33호
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• pp.54-65
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• 1994

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 PHS 어플리케이션에서 새로운 Coarse Toning 기법을 사용한 빠른 스위칭의 CMOS 주파수 합성기를 기술하였다. 제안한 Coarse Tuning 방법은 Phase Noise와 Lock-Time을 최적화하기 위해 LC-VCO의 적절한 Tuning Capacitances를 선택하는 것이다. 이를 바탕으로 측정된 Lock-Time은 약 $20{\mu}s$ 이고, Phase Noise는 600kHz의 offset에서 -121dBc/Hz이다. 칩은 $0.25{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정으로 제작하였고, 면적은 $0.7mm{\times}2.1mm$ 이다. 소비전력은 2.7V 공급 전압 하에서 54mW 이다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among a group of community-dwelling elderly and to determine if there were differences in general characteristics, activities of daily living (ADL), perceived health status (PHS) between the MCI group and group of elderly with normal cognitive function. Methods: This study utilized a descriptive survey design. Six hundred and five subjects over the age 65 were recruited from an S public health center, Seoul. Data were gathered through a variety of instruments: MoCA-K, K-MMSE, K-MBI, S-IADL, and PHS scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0 using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and t-test. Results: The prevalence of MCI among the subjects was 46.0%. Differences in IADL, PHS, age, education, sex, and residing with a spouse were statistically significant between groups. The MCI group had lower IADL, lower PHS, were older, and had lower educational levels than the group with normal cognitive function. Further, the MCI group was less likely to live with a spouse. Conclusion: It is suggested that MCI group should be targeted in developing and implementing nursing strategies to prevent dementia and improve the elderly cognitive function.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the current level of physical activity (PA) and to explore the relationships between self-efficacy for PA, perceived health status (PHS), attitudes toward aging, ego-integrity and PA in community-dwelling older Koreans. Methods: A total of 164 participants were recruited from community centers, churches, and senior welfare centers in Korea. With questionnaires, a survey was conducted from June 3rd to 22th, 2016. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: The mean amount of total PA was 5,295.33±6,272.38 MET/min/week. The number of subjects engaged in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity activities were 87 (53.0%), 45 (27.4%), and 32 (19.5%), respectively. Overall, physical activities were different according to the presence of spouse (t=-2.79, p=.006) and the presence of housemate (t=2.03, p=.044). The mean scores of self-efficacy for PA, PHS, attitudes towards aging, and ego-integrity were 17.16±4.45, 9.00±2.41, 68.12±9.28 and 51.62±7.59, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between overall PA and self-efficacy for PA (r=.34, p<.001), PHS (r=.23, p=.003), attitudes towards aging (r=.26, p=.001). Conclusion: Specific programs to promote physical activities in addition to continuous education for improving self-efficacy for PA, PHS, and attitudes towards aging in community-dwelling older adults are needed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of the services provision of community health practitioners (CHP) and to find out the influence factors on the services provision of CHP. In this study the dependent variables were the level of community health services(CHS), maternal and child health services(MCH), family planning services(FPS), primary care services(PCS) and the ratios of preventive health services(PHS). And independent variables were predisposing, community demographic and task factors. For this analysis, atepwise regression was used. Data collected for the study on reorganization of health centers organization in 1985 was partly used. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows : First, total variance of independent variables for CHS, MCH, FPS, PCS and PHS are shown 62.5 percent, 58.3 percent, 41.8 percent, 17 percent and 61.9 percent respectively. Second, the most important variables which explain CHS, MCH, FPS, PCS and PHS was ratios of household contacted ($R^2$＝0.289), marital status ($R^2$＝0.177), marital status($R^2$＝0.167), ratios of household contacted($R^2$＝0.119) and management of preventive health services($R^2$＝=0.203) respectively. The independent varivbles used in this analysis presented that the explnining for the provision of preventive health service are more influenced than primary care services. In summary this analysis suggests that the level of preventive health services provision of CHP is low and the provision of primary care services compared with preventive health services are occurred independentely. In the future, the strategies for active preventive services by CHP must to be strengthened.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.680-685
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• 2009

Using a polyurethane foam replica method, porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds (PHS) were fabricated using conventional and microwave sintering techniques. The microstructure and material properties of the PHS, such as pore size, grain size, relative density and compressive strength, were investigated at different sintering temperatures and holding times to determine the optimal sintering conditions. There were interconnected pores whose sizes ranged between about 300 ${\mu}m$ and 700 ${\mu}m$. At a conventional sintering temperature of 1100$^{\circ}C$, the scaffold had a porous microstructure, which became denser and saw the occurrence of grain growth when the temperature was increased up to 1300$^{\circ}C$. In the case of microwave sintering, even at low sintering temperature and short holding time the microstructure was much denser and had smaller grains. As the holding time of the microwave sintering was increased, higher densification was observed and also the relative density and compressive strength increased. The compressive strength values of PHS were 2.3MPa and 1.8MPa when conventional and microwave sintering was applied at 1300$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.472-473
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• 2008

This paper presents a charge pump used in frequency synthesizer for PHS application. The up/down current mismatch of charge pump has a critical effect on the phase noise and spur performance in frequency synthesizer. Therefore, the mismatch compensation scheme is proposed in this paper. And, the measurement results show that the mismatch can be reduced below 5 %.