• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1999년도 제13회 식물생명공학심포지움 New Approaches to Understand Gene Function in Plants and Application to Plant Biotechnology
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• pp.57-62
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• 1999

Light-regulated translation of chloroplast mRNAs requires nuclear-encoded trans-acting factors that interact with the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of these mRNAs. A set of four proteins (60, 55, 47, and 38 kDa) that bind to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA had been identified in C. reinhardtii. 47 kDa protein (RB47) was found to encode a chloroplast poly (A)-binding protein (cPABP) that specifically binds to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA, and essential for translation of this mRNA, cDNA encoding 60 kDa protein (RB60) was isolated, and the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein was highly homologous to plants and mammalian protein disulfide isomerases (PDI), normally found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Immunoblot analysis of C. reinhardtii proteins showed that anti-PDI recognized a distinct protein of 56 kDa in whole cell extract, whereas anti-rRB60 detected a 60 kDa protein. The ER-PDI was not retained on heparin-agarose resin whereas RB60 was retained. In vitro translation products of the RB60 cDNA can be transported into C. reinhardtii chloroplast in vitro. Immunoblot analysis of isolated pea chloroplasts indicated that higher plant also possess a RB60 homolog. In vitro RNA-binding studies showed that RB60 modulates the binding of cPABP to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA by reversibly changing the redox status of cPABP using redox potential or ADP-dependent phosphorylation. Site-directed mutagenesis of -CGHC- catalytic site in thioredoxin-like domain of RB60 is an unique PDI located in the chloroplast of C. reinhardtii, and suggest that the chloroplast PDI may have evolved to utilize the redox-regulated thioredoxin like domain as a mechanism for regulating the light-activated translation of the psbA mRNA.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1985년도 워크샵 및 심포지엄 북한산국립공원의 식생
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• pp.7-18
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• 1985

Light-regulated translation of chloroplast mRNAs requires nuclear-encoded trans-acting factors that interact with the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of these mRNAs. A set of four proteins (60, 55, 47, and 38 kDa) that bind to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA had been identified in C. reinhardtii. 47 kDa protein (RB47) was found to encode a chloroplast poly (A)-binding protein (cPABP) that specifically binds to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA, and essential for translation of this mRNA, cDNA encoding 60 kDa protein (RB60) was isolated, and the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein was highly homologous to plants and mammalian protein disulfide isomerases (PDI), normally found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Immunoblot analysis of C. reinhardtii proteins showed that anti-PDI recognized a distinct protein of 56 kDa in whole cell extract, whereas anti-rRB60 detected a 60 kDa protein. The ER-PDI was not retained on heparin-agarose resin whereas RB60 was retained. In vitro translation products of the RB60 cDNA can be transported into C. reinhardtii chloroplast in vitro. Immunoblot analysis of isolated pea chloroplasts indicated that higher plant also possess a RB60 homolog. In vitro RNA-binding studies showed that RB60 modulates the binding of cPABP to the 5'-UTR of the psbA mRNA by reversibly changing the redox status of cPABP using redox potential or ADP-dependent phosphorylation. Site-directed mutagenesis of -CGHC- catalytic site in thioredoxin-like domain of RB60 is an unique PDI located in the chloroplast of C. reinhardtii, and suggest that the chloroplast PDI may have evolved to utilize the redox-regulated thioredoxin like domain as a mechanism for regulating the light-activated translation of the psbA mRNA.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2001

소나무 수피로부터 alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone cooking을 통하여 생산된 Pine Bark Spent Liquor(PBSL)의 펠렛 내구성(ellet durability index(PDI)과 사료결착재로서 가능성을 구명하기 위하여 육계와 산란계 사료에 첨가·급여하였다. 실험1에서는 실용계 사료인 대조구, 소맥 10%와 (W10), 20% 첨가구(W20), PBSL 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00% 첨가구, 두 종류 시판용 사료결착제 0.1, 0.2%(CPB A와 CPB B), W10+0.1% CPB A or B로 14개 처리구를 4반복으로 하여 펠렛 내구성 조사를 시행하였다. PDI는 PDI tester(Oriental motors, Japan)로 측정하였다. 실험2에서는 1일령 육계수컷 200수를 무첨가구인 대조구외에 실험 1에서 최적으로 판단되는 처리구인 W10, PBSL 0.5%, 0.2% CPB A and B의 5개 처리구를 4반복으로 배치하여 시행하였다. 기초사료는 사육전기에 3,169와 3,149kca./kg ME와 21% CP를 급여하였고, 사육후기에는 3,192와 3,172 kcal/kg ME와 19% CP사료를 급여하였다. 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율은 주간별로 5주간 측정하였으며 실험 종료시에 장내 혐기적인 미생물 수를 조사하였다. 실험 3에서 24주령 로만 갈색계 450수를 이용하여 처리구는 실험 2와 동일하게 8주간 시행하였다. 처리구당 반복은 18수씩 5반복으로 90수 전체 450수를 이용하였다. 사료는 대상에너지 2,720 kcal/kg와 CP는 18.5%로 하였다. 처리구당 산란율, 난중, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율, 계란의 품질을 주간 별로 조사하였으며, 실험종료시에 혈액의 성상을 조사하였다. 실험 1에서 PBSL 0.5%, W10 0.5%, CPB A, B 0.2% 처리구의 PDI는 95.9, 95.9, 95.8. and 95.7로서 대조구에 비하여 현저하게 높았다.(P<0.05). 그러므로 이러한 결과는 실험2와 3에 적용하였다. 실험 2에서 PBSL 처리구의 증체량은 대조두와 통계적인 차이는 없었지만 W10과 CPB A와는 현저하게 차이가 있었다. (P<0.05). 사료요구율은 PBSL이나 다른 사료결착제 처리구에서 대조구에 비하여 개선되는 경향을 보였다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2016

The proposal of this study is a fast version of the conventional extreme learning machine (ELM), called pseudoinverse matrix decomposition based incremental ELM (PDI-ELM). One of the main problems in ELM is to determine the number of hidden nodes. In this study, the number of hidden nodes is automatically determined. The proposed model is an incremental version of ELM which adds neurons with the goal of minimization the error of the ELM network. To speed up the model the information of pseudoinverse from previous step is taken into account in the current iteration. To show the ability of the PDI-ELM, it is applied to few benchmark classification datasets in the University of California Irvine (UCI) repository. Compared to ELM learner and two other versions of incremental ELM, the proposed PDI-ELM is faster.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1447-1449
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• 2009

We report the syntheses bis-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl) perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal and it dissolves in photocurable ionic monomer solution. PDI-acrylic acid solution was observed whether liquid crystal phase appeared in each concentration. Thin film polarizer was prepared by simultaneously coating and aligning the solution of PDI-acrylic acid (in the chromonic nematic phase) onto glass substrates using a mechanical shearing force and was cured by irradiation of UV light. Also Photopatterned polarizer is manufactured by same process.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.615-620
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• 2010

본 실험은 다섯 종류의 새로운 형태의 액정성 폴리우레탄을 4,4'-Bis(3-hydroxypropoxy)biphenyl (BP3)와 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate(2,6-TDI), 2,5-tolylene diisocyanate(2,5-TDI), 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate(2,4-TDI), 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate(1,4-PDI) 및 hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI)의 중부가 반응에 의해 합성하였다. 단량체 BP3은 스멕틱상을 형성하였으며 HDI/BP3을 제외한 나머지 폴리우레탄에서는 모두 단방성 액정성을 나타내었다. 그러나 메틸 치환기를 가지고 있지 않는 1,4-PDI/BP3에서는 DSC 및 편광현미경에서도 액정상을 전혀 관찰할 수 없었다. 합성된 화합물의 구조는 FT-IR 및 $^1H$-NMR에 의해 확인하였으며, 그들의 열적 상전이온도 및 안정성들은 DSC, 편광현미경 및 x-선 회절에 의해 조사하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권3C호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 DS-CDMA 시스템을 위한 적응 혼합 검색형 동기획득 알고리즘의 성능을 저속 페이딩 환경에서 해석한다. 먼저, CDMA 순방향 링크에서의 간섭의 불안정성 (nonstationarity)에 효율적으로 대처하기 위해 CFAR (constant false alarm rate) 특성을 갖도록 동기획득 알고리즘을 설계한다. 설계된 알고리즘의 평균 동기획득 시간 (mean acquisition time)을 이론적으로 해석하고 주파수 선택성 레일라이 페이딩 환경에서 신호탐지 확률, 탐지실패 확률, 및 오경보 율을 유도한다. 성능 해석 시 저속 페이딩 환경을 고려해, 수신 신호의 포락선이 PDI(post-detection integration) 구간 동안 일정하다고 가정한다. 끝으로 설계된 동기획득 알고리즘 대하여 부 윈도우 (sub-window)의 크기, PDI 크기, 판정 임계치 등에 따른 동기획득 성능의 변화를 cdma2000 환경을 고려하여 분석한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2018

Purpose: Fermented feedstuffs have been found to improve productivity, reduce manure odor, and increase immunity. However, because there is not a commercialized pelletizing system for fermented total mixed ration (TMR) for pig feeding in Korea, a pelletizing system using TMR fermented feed was developed. Methods: The particle size, density, and volumetric density of the TMR feeds used in the test were measured. The pellet durability index (PDI, %) value of the pelletized TMR feed based on its moisture content, and the amount of pellet production based on the rotation speed of the compression roller were measured. Results: The test materials, TMR1 and TMR2, were approximately compressed to 387 kg/m3 with 18.2% (w.b.) and 544 kg/m3 with 22.2% (w.b.), respectively. Throughout this pellet molding test, the moisture content from 15 to 20% (w.b.) of mixture feedstuffs, including fermented forage, could be used for pellet molding. Based on the results, a small-scale pellet molding system of fermented TMR was designed and manufactured for pig farms. As rotation speed increased, the throughput increased, whereas the moisture content decreased by approximately 2% (w.b.) because of pellet molding. The best yield of pellets with 94.2% PDI was of 536 kg/h at 135 rpm rotation speed. Conclusions: Although the throughput of the prototype increased as the rotation speed increased, it was difficult to operate because of the greater noise and the lower PDI (%) at the higher rotation speed of the pellet molding rotor. It was found that the best production of pellets using the prototype was 536 kg/h having a PDI of 94.2% or more at a rotation speed of 135 rpm.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2020

본 연구는 근육통 환자들의 척주온열마사지 기기 사용이 근육통 개선에 효과가 있는지를 살펴보고, 정서적 부분인 우울감, 스트레스 개선에도 효과가 있는지 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 16명(남자, 31.25%)은 온열 마사지 기기에 대한 처치로 4주간 주 5회, 1회당 40분을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 주관적 통증정도는 VAS -46.32%, PDI -44.86%의 변화율을 보였으며, VAS, PDI 모두 유의한 감소를 보였다. 기타 우울감 및 스트레스 정도에서는 BDI -21.84%, SRI -11.48%의 변화율을 보였으며, BDI, SRI 모두 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 따라서 근육통 환자 치료 시 온열마사지 기기를 활용한다면 주관적 근육통, 우울감 및 스트레스 개선에서 긍정적인 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5453-5458
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• 2015

Background: There are several factors that threaten the dignity of cancer patients in hospital settings. However, there is limited literature regarding the degree to which dignity of cancer patients is actually respected in daily clinical practice. The aims of this study were therefore to explore cancer patient perceptions of respecting their dignity and related variables in an Iranian cancer specific center. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was carried out among 250 cancer patients admitted to a cancer specific center in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. These patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The patients' scores in 18 out of 25 items of PDI were 3 or greater which indicate the importance of considering these items in clinical settings. Also, the score of patients in three sub-scales of PDI including illness-related concerns, personal dignity, and social dignity were 74, 65 and 57, respectively (based on a total 100). The overall score of PDI was statistically associated with age, history of disease recurrence, education, employment and economic status of participants. Conclusions: According to the study findings the dignity of Iranian cancer patients is not completely respected in clinical settings which require special considerations. As nurses spend more time at patients' bedsides, they have an important role in maintaining and promoting dignified care.