• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.749-752
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• 1995

Electronic structures of the Heusler compounds, XMnSb (X=Ni, Pd, and Pt) are investigated systematically by using the linearized muffiu-tin orbital (LMTO) band method. LMTO band calculations yield that, by including the spinorbit interactions, the NiMnSb and PtMnSb are half-metallic, while PdMnSb is normal metallic at the experimental lattice constant. The effect of the spin-orbit interaction is substantial in PtMnSb, in contrast to NiMnSb and PdMnSb. The calculated X d and Mn 3d angular momentum projected local density of states's reveal that the hybridization between the Mn 3d X d states increases from X = Pt to Pd and Ni.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.106-111
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• 2021

Multiple sales promotions for one product can be simultaneously offered. For instance, marketers can offer a premium along with a price discount. In the present research, we primarily focus on offers containing both a bonus pack and a price discount. In particular, this research examines whether consumer evaluations of offers containing both a bonus pack and a price discount (i.e., BP + PD offers) vary according to consumers' saving orientation. Specifically, we predict that for consumers with strong (vs. weak) saving orientation, offers containing the high PD but low extra amount of BP will be more favorably evaluated than offers with a high extra amount of BP but low PD. A series of two experimental results show that consumers' saving orientation moderates their evaluations of BP and PD offers, which supports the prediction. The findings imply that marketers can evoke more positive consumer responses to BP and PD offers, considering individual differences such as saving orientation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.134-138
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• 2001

Basic governing equations for the Active Magnetic Bearing system are derived. Characteristic difference between PD and PID controllers are studied. It is shown that I-control action is able to minimize the steady state error and increase the stiffness in low frequency range.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.246-251
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• 2001

The performance demonstration round robin test was conducted to quantify the capability of ultrasonic inspection for in-service and to address some aspects of reliability for nondestructive evaluation. The fifteen inspection teams who employed procedures that met or exceeded ASME Sec. XI code requirements detected the pinping of nuclear power plant with various cracks to evaluate the capability of detection. With data from PD-RR test, the performance of ultrasonic nondestructive inspection could be assessed using probability of detection and length and depth sizing of cracks.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.107-110
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• 1999

In order to investigate the magnetism of Ru submonolayer on Pb(001), we have performed first-principles calculations for half-layer of Ru on Pd(001) using the full-potential linearzed augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method. We have found that the magnetic moment of Ru for 0.5 layer is 2.21 B. It is found that substrate Pd layers are polarized by the 0.5 Ru overlayer to have significant magnetic moments. Our results are compared with those obtained by the anomalous Hall effect. The calculated electronic structures, i,e., the spin densities and density of states are presented and discussed in relation with magnetic properties.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.1888-1890
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 XLPE 고체 절연체내의 부분방전(partical discharge:PD)발생 및 진전에 따른 라 방사되는 UHF 대역의 방사전자파를 측정, 분석하고 PD진전에 따른 그 스펙트럼의 특성을 연구 하였다. PD를 모의하기 위해 침을 XLPE 절연체내에 삽입하고 그 사이에 보이드층을 만들었다. 고체절연체의 열화를 고려하여 일정시간 동안 일정 전압을 유지하고 이때 발생되는 방사전자파를 EMI, EMC 안테나(EMCO-3142)와 Spectrum analyzer로 측정, 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.43-47
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• 1999

Pd-ceramic composite membranes and catalytic membrane reactors(CMR) have been studied for hydrogen purification and recovery in th fusion reactor fuel cycle. The development of techniques for coating microporous ceramic tubes with Pd and Pd/Ag layers is described: composite membranes have been produced by electroless deposition (Pd/Ag film of 10-20${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) and rolling of thin metal sheet (Pd and Pd/ Ag membranes of 50-70 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). Experimental results on electroless membranes showed that the metallic film presented some defects and the membranes had not complete hydrogen selectivity . Then the catalytic membrane reactors with electroless membranes can be applied for some industrial processes that do not require a complete separation of the hydrogen (i.e. in the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons). The rolled thin Pd/Ag membranes separated the hydrogen from the other gas with a complete selectivity and exhibited a slightly larger (about a factor 1.7) mass transfer resistance with respect to the electroless membranes. Experimental tests confirmed the good performances in terms of durability.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1997

TLD and film badges have been traditionally used as formal dosimeters in personal monitoring and are still most widely used. Recently, electronic personal dosimeters based upon Si diode or miniature G-M tube were developed and are getting attractions due to their merits of active nature ; indication of dose rates and the commutative dose, and facilitation of record keeping and radiological control. Response characteristics of the electronic dosimeters including reproducibility, accuracy, linearity, energy and angular dependencies, detection threshold, and response time were examined for three commercial types ; EPD2, STEPHEN6000, and PD-3i. The results were compared with the relevant requirements of IEC standards and Ontario Hydro standards to conclude that their general performances were good. Some specific deficiencies, e.g. incapability of shallow dose measurement of STEPHEN6000, and PD-3i, however, should be corrected to be used as a formal dosimeter.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.172-177
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• 2008

As a part of estimating quantitative radiation treatment doses, we produced a mathematical phantom based on the standard Korean male. Then, with the prostate as the source organ, we calculated the absorbed dose in the prostate and surrounding organs forecasted to occur during brachytherapy for prostate cancer. To simulate the procedure, we selected $^{25}I$ and $^{103}Pd$ useful in brachytherapy of the prostate as the radionucleids and made an assumption that 1 Ci of initial radioactivity is administered. As a result, we found that the prostate, as the source organ, indicated 101 Gy/Ci and 7.24 Gy/Ci, respectively, in case of $^{125}I$ and $^{103}Pd$. With the exception of the prostate, organs with high absorbed doses were found to be in the order of the penis and scrotum, sigmoid colon, testicles and the urinary bladder, which are relatively close to the prostate.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2005

Background: p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling are thought to have critical role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune response but the molecular mechanism underlying the induction of these signaling are not clear. Methods: Specific inhibitors for p38, SB203580, and for ERK, PD98059 were used. Cells were stimulated by LPS with or without specific MAPK inhibitors. Results: LPS activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), subsequent NO productions, and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-12). Treatment of both SB203580 and PD98059 decreased LPS-induced NO productions. Concomitant decreases in the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein were detected. SB203580 and PD98059 decreased LPS-induced gene expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6. SB203580 increased LPS-induced expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12, and reactive oxygen species production, but PD98059 had no effect. Conclusion: These results indicate that both p38 and ERK pathways are involved in LPS-stimulated NO synthesis, and expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6. p38 signaling pathways are involved in LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12, and reactive oxygen species plays an important role in these signaling in macrophage.