• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.175-184
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• 2022

The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Coreopsis lanceolate extract against hydrogen-peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage and cell death in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbebzothiazoloine-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activities, as well as the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidative damage and cell death were investigated. According to the results, C. lanceolate extract exhibited inhibitory activity against intracellular ROS generation and cell-damaging effects induced by hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 22.3 mg·g^-1 gallic acid equivalent and 16.2 mg·g^-1 catechin equivalent, respectively. Additionally, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay based on the internal standard method used to detect phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds identified in C. lanceolata extract contained (+)-catechin hydrate (5.0 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), ferulic acid (1.6 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), chlorogenic acid (1.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), caffeic acid (1.2 ± 0.0 mg·g-1), naringin (0.9 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), and p-coumaric acid (0.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1). C. lanceolata extract attenuated pro-apoptotic Bax expression levels and enhanced the expression levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9 proteins. Therefore, C. lanceolata is a potential source of materials with neuroprotective properties against neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1712-1714
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• 2004

During the last 20 years organic semiconductors have attracted considerable attention due to their interesting physical properties followed by various technological applications in the area of electronics and opto-electronics. It has been a long time since organic solar cells were expected as a low-cost energy-conversion device. Although practical use of them has not been achieved, technological progress continues. Morphology of the materials, organic/inorganic interface, metal cathodes, molecular packing and structural properties of the donor and acceptor layers are essential for photovoltaic response. We have fabricated solar cell devices based on zinc-phthalocyanine(ZnPc) as donor(D) and fullerine($C_{60}$) as electron acceptor(A) with doped charge transport layers, $Alq_3$ as an electron transport or injection layer. We observed the photovoltaic characteristics of the solar cell devices using the Xe lamp as a light source.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.95-108
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• 2000

Electrochemical charateristics of activated carbon fiber cloth(ACFC) electrode were studied with propylene carbonate(PC), ${\gamma}$-butyrolactone(GBL) and N,N-dimethyl-formamide(DMF) as a solvent and tetraethylammoniumtetrafluoroborate(TEABF$_4$), tetraethylammoniumhexafluorophosphate(TEABF$_{6}$), tetrabutylammoniumtetrafluoroborate(TBABF$_4$) and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate(TBAPF$_6$) as an electrolytes(active material). The concentrations of electrolytes were in the range of 0.2~1.2 N, the volume ratios of PC and DMF as a mixed solvent system, were 90：10, 80：20, 70：30, 60：40, 50：50, and 40：60 vol%. Electrochemical characteristics such as electric conductivity, internal resistance, and electric capacitance of fabricated unit cells were measured after the moisture of activated material was removed with molecular sieve. Electrochemical characteristics were better in mixed solvents system than in mono solvent system. The mono solvent system of 1.0 N electrolyte of GBL/TEABF$_4$ with activated carbon cloth electrodes showed better result but the mixed solvent system with PC and DMF/TEABF$_4$(50：50 vol%) and the concentration of 1.0 N electrolyte showed the best characteristics. Internal resistance was 3.47 $\Omega$ and specific capacitance was 19.1 F/g respectively.y.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.494-501
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• 2021

Pseudomonas cichorii secretes effectors that suppress defense mechanisms in host plants. However, the function of these effectors, including avirulence protein E1 (AvrE1), in the pathogenicity of P. cichorii, remains unexplored. In this study, to investigate the function of avrE1 in P. cichorii JBC1 (PcJBC1), we created an avrE1-deficient mutant (JBC1^ΔavrE1) using CRISPR/Cas9. The disease severity caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in tomato plants significantly decreased by reducing water soaking during early infection stage, as evidenced by the electrolyte leakage in infected leaves. The disease symptoms caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in the cabbage midrib were light-brown spots compared to the dark-colored ones caused by PcJBC1, which indicates the role of AvrE1 in cell lysis. The avrE1-deficient mutant failed to elicit cell death in non-host tobacco plants. Disease severity and cell death caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in host and non-host plants were restored through heterologous complementation with avrE1 from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000). Overall, our results indicate that avrE1 contributes to cell death during early infection, which consequently increases disease development in host plants. The roles of PcJBC1 AvrE1 in host cells remain to be elucidated.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2002

Human Prourokinase (proUK) offers potential as a novel agent with improved fibrin specificity and, as such, may offer advantages as an attractive alternative to urokinase that is associated with clinical benefits in patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusion. For production of transgenic cow as human proUK bioreacotor, we conducted this study to establish efficient production system for bovine transgenic embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) using human prourokinase gene transfected donor cell. An expression plasmid for human prourokinase was constructed by inserting a bovine beta-casein promoter, a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene, and human prourokinase target gene into a pcDNA3 plasmid. Cumulus cells were used as donor cell and transfected with the expression plasmid using the Fugene 6 as a carrier. To increase the efficiency for the production of transgenic NT, development rates were compared between non-transfected and transfected cell in experiment 1, and in experiment 2, development rates were compared according to level of GFP expression in donor cells. In experiment 1, development rates of non-transgenic NT embryos were significantly higher than transgenic NT embryos (43.3 vs. 28.4％). In experiment 2, there were no significant differences in fusion rates (85.4 vs. 78.9％) and cleavage rates (78.7 vs. 84.4％) between low and high expressed cells. However, development rates to blastocyst were higher in low expressed cells (17.0 vs. 33.3％), and GFP expression rates in blastocyst were higher in high expressed cells (75.0 vs. 43.3％), significantly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.132-132
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• 2002

Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystillbene) is a natural phytoalexin present in grapes, fruits, peanuts and red wine. Resveratrol has been reported cancer chemopreventive effects. The aim of the present study was to further elucidate the possible mechanisms by which resveratrol exerts its anti-prolifrtative action in human prostate cancer PC-3 cell line.(omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.3061-3070
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• 2012

Novel 2-hexylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene-containing conjugated molecules have been synthesized via a reduction reaction using tin chloride in an acidic medium. They exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents and good self-film and crystal-forming properties. The single-crystalline objects were fabricated by a solvent slow diffusion process and then were employed for fabricating field-effect transistors (FETs) along with thinfilm transistors (TFTs). TFTs made of 5 and 6 exhibited carrier mobility as high as 0.10-0.15 $cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$. The single-crystal-based FET made of 6 showed 0.70 $cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$ which was relatively higher than that of the 5-based FET (${\mu}=0.23cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$). In addition, we fabricated organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells with new 2-hexylthieno [3,2-b]thiophene-containing conjugated molecules and methanofullerene [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester ($PC_{61}BM$) without thermal annealing. The ternary system for a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPV cell was elaborated using $PC_{61}BM$ and two p-type conjugated molecules such as 5 and 7 for modulating the molecular energy levels. As a result, the OPV cell containing 5, 7, and $PC_{61}BM$ had improved results with an open-circuit voltage of 0.90 V, a short-circuit current density of 2.83 $mA/cm^2$, and a fill factor of 0.31, offering an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.78%, which was larger than those of the devices made of only molecule 5 (${\eta}$~0.67%) or 7 (${\eta}$~0.46%) with $PC_{61}BM$ under identical weight compositions.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.225-235
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• 2018

Phellinus gilvus is a medicinal mushroom used that has been used in folk medicine in Asian countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol (ME) and hot water (HW) extracts prepared from fruiting bodies of Ph. gilvus. ME and HW had good anti-xanthine oxidase (XO) activities compared to allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. ME showed comparable and slightly lower inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), respectively, than galanthamine, a standard AChE and BChE inhibitor. ME also showed a protective effect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity at 40 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL in PC-12 cells. ME (0.5~2.0 mg/mL) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Carrageenan-induced hind-paw edema in rats was significantly reduced 2~6 hr after treatment with 50 mg/kg of ME, which was comparable to administration of 5 mg/kg of indomethacin, the positive control. These results demonstrate that ME and HW of Ph. gilvus fruiting bodies possess good anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory activities.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.237-243
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• 2013

B13 is a ceramide analogue and apoptosis inducer with potent cytotoxic activity. A series of arylpropyl sulfonamide analogues of B13 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity using MTT assays in prostate cancer PC-3 and leukemia HL-60 cell lines. Some compounds (4, 9, 13, 14, 15, and 20) showed stronger activities than B13 in both tumor cell lines, and compound (15) gave the most potent activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 29.2 and 20.7 ${\mu}M$, for PC-3and HL-60 cells, respectively. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis was performed to build highly reliable and predictive CoMSIA models with cross-validated $q^2$ values of 0.816 and 0.702, respectively. Our results suggest that long alkyl chains and a 1R, 2R configuration of the propyl group are important for the cytotoxic activities of arylpropyl sulfonamides. Moreover, the introduction of small hydrophobic groups in the phenyl ring and sulfonamide group could increase biological activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.873-879
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• 2005

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) obtained from infected rock bream was propagated by Bluegill fry-2 (BF-2) cell culture. The virus titer was determined as $10^{5.5}\;TCID_{50}/ml$ on confluent BF-2 cell monolayers. The integrin binding site of ORF 055L of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) was selected for the construction of a primer to obtain the RSIV ORF 055L gene. The genes were amplified using RSIV gene lyzate by PCR. The homologies of the ORF 055L sequence of RSIV with ISKNV and rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) were approximately $96\%$ and $100\%$, respectively. DNA vaccine was constructed by cloning the ORF 055L of RSN into pcDNA 3.1 (+), containing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. For antibody production, pcDNA-055 DNA vaccine was injected to BALB/c mice. The production of antibodies against pcDNA-055 DNA vaccine was confirmed by the Western blot analysis. The antibodies produced by the pcDNA-055 DNA vaccine showed efficacy to neutralize the RSIV in the neutralization test in BF-2 cell culture.