• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.702-711
• /
• 2021

In order to examine the type of PAI profile for criminally charged juvenile offenders, the study sought to find out personality types and behavioral characteristics of 251 juvenile offenders and 173 ordinary adolescents from 2018-2020. Looking at the overall profiles of juvenile offenders and ordinary adolescents, we found differences in Infrequency(INF), Mania(MAN), Antisocial Features(ANT), Alcohol problems(ALC), Drug problems(DRG), Aggression (AGG), and Dominance(DOM) and Warmth(WRM). Based on these results, we perform clustering as factors Antisocial features(ANT), Aggression(AGG), and Dominance (DOM) with an average difference of more than five points. It was classified as Cluster 1 with a high percentage of adolescents and Cluster 2 with a high percentage of juvenile offenders, and Cluster 1 was named as a defense group because it showed a similar model to the profile of ordinary adolescents. The profile type of cluster 2 was named externalization, which can be represented as an externalization group. The results were similar to previous studies, and the profile type of juvenile offenders has higher overall clinical scale than that of ordinary adolescents, indicating behavioral problems. Continued research on juvenile offenders could lead to understanding of youth as well as juvenile offenders.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.336-344
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the PAI profile of the beauty major students. They were used through the PAI inspection result of 298 university students located in the chungcheong province in 2019. The results are summerized as follows; First, when comparing the average scale of college students majoring in beauty with those of college students majoring in general, college students majoring in beauty displayed a higher profile type in clinical scale than those of university students in general, with significant differences in SOM and ALC. Second, SOM, PAR, AGG, SUI that were significant when comparing beauty majors and general majors to navigate the PAI scale that significantly predicts beauty majors. As a result of conducting stepwise regression analysis on the four factors as a search factor, the scale of SOM is extracted, and it becomes a diversion that can predict college students in the beauty major. Therefore, beauty majors are more obsessed with physical problems than the ordinary students, and have an impulse-oriented behavior. These results will be used as materials for selecting, managing, educating or consulting a student majoring in beauty and will provide many implications for career choices after graduation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2023.01a
• /
• pp.103-106
• /
• 2023

코로나 팬데믹 사태로 인해 업무환경이 재택근무를 하는 환경으로 바뀌고 악성코드의 변종 또한 빠르게 발전하고 있다. 악성코드를 분석하고 백신 프로그램을 만들면 새로운 변종 악성코드가 생기고 변종에 대한 백신프로그램이 만들어 질 때까지 변종된 악성코드는 사용자에게 위협이 된다. 본 연구에서는 머신러닝 알고리즘을 사용하여 악성파일 여부를 예측하는 방법을 제시하였다. 일반적인 악성코드의 구조를 갖는 Portable Executable 구조 파일을 파이썬의 LIEF 라이브러리를 사용하여 Certificate, Imports, Opcode 등 3가지 feature에 대해 정적분석을 하였다. 학습 데이터로는 정상파일 320개와 악성파일 530개를 사용하였다. Certificate는 hasSignature(디지털 서명정보), isValidcertificate(디지털 서명의 유효성), isNotExpired(인증서의 유효성)의 feature set을 사용하고, Imports는 Import Address Table의 function 빈도수를 비교하여 feature set을 구축하였다. Opcode는 tri-gram으로 추출하여 빈도수를 비교하여 feature set을 구축하였다. 테스트 데이터로는 정상파일 360개 악성파일 610개를 사용하였으며 Feature set을 사용하여 random forest, decision tree, bagging, adaboost 등 4가지 머신러닝 알고리즘을 대상으로 성능을 비교하였고, bagging 알고리즘에서 약 0.98의 정확도를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2022

Recently, there have been many reports of document-type malicious code injecting malicious code into Microsoft Office files. Document-type malicious code is often hidden by encoding the malicious code in the document. Therefore, document-type malware can easily bypass anti-virus programs. We found that malicious code was inserted into the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macro, a function supported by Microsoft Office. Malicious codes such as shellcodes that run external programs and URL-related codes that download files from external URLs were identified. We selected 354 keywords repeatedly appearing in malicious Microsoft Office files and defined the number of times each keyword appears in the body of the document as a feature. We performed machine learning with SVM, naïve Bayes, logistic regression, and random forest algorithms. As a result, each algorithm showed accuracies of 0.994, 0.659, 0.995, and 0.998, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.439-446
• /
• 2022

Document-type malicious codes are being actively distributed using attachments on websites or e-mails. Document-type malicious code is relatively easy to bypass security programs because the executable file is not executed directly. Therefore, document-type malicious code should be detected and prevented in advance. To detect document-type malicious code, we identified the document structure and selected keywords suspected of being malicious. We then created a dataset by converting the stream data in the document to ASCII code values. We specified the location of malicious keywords in the document stream data, and classified the stream as malicious by recognizing the adjacent information of the malicious keywords. As a result of detecting malicious codes by applying the CNN model, we derived accuracies of 0.97 and 0.92 in stream units and file units, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2015

Objectives : This study examined the characteristics and differences of PAI(Personality Assessment Inventory) profile between compensation-seeking(CS) and treatment-seeking(TS) patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI) and assessed the clinical meaning of the characteristics and differences of profiles between the two groups. Methods : 36 TBI patients who visited the Wonkwang University Hospital were selected. The patients were categorized as compensation-seeking TBI patients(n=22) and treatment-seeking TBI patients(n=14). The PAI scales and subscales were used to compare differences between two groups. t-verification for each variable and comparison analysis were performed. Results:In validity scales, CS group showed significantly higher NIM scores and lower PIM scores than TS groups. In full scales, CS group showed significantly higher SOM, ANX, ARD, DEP, and SCZ scores than TS group. In subscales, CS group showed significantly higher SOM-S, ANX-A, ARD-P, DEP(-C, A, P), (MAN-I), PAR-H, SCZ(-T, P), BOR(-A, N), and ANT-S scores than TS groups. In supplementary scales, CS group showed significantly higher SUI, NON and AGG-P, and lower RXR scores than TS group. Conclusions:There were significant differences in PAI scales with validity scales, some full and subscales according to compensation seeking status in TBI patients. The CS patients tended to exaggerate their symptoms on PAI, and showed higher scores representing somatic preoccupation and emotional distress. These results show the usefulness of PAI in reflecting the significant psychological differences between two groups.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.20-31
• /
• 2005

Objectives:This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of personality changes and emotional distress using the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI), divided into mild (MTBI) and severe (STBI) groups according to the severity of injury. Methods:The subjects were consisted of 25 patients with MTBI, 25 patients with STBI, and 25 normal controls. They were interviewed with the PAI. The data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test, analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results:The results were the followings. First, Negative Impression in validity scales was elevated above cutoff point(T score 70) in both MTBI and STBI groups. Second, the clinical scales of which scores elevated above the cutoff point were Somatic Complaints, Anxiety, Anxiety-Related Disorders, Depression, and Schizophrenia in the MTBI, and Somatic Complaints and Depression in the STBI. Third, the clinical subscales above the cutoff point were Conversion, Somatization, Health Concerns, Affective Anxiety, Physiological Anxiety, Traumatic Stress, Cognitive Depression, Affective Depression, Physiological Depression, Thought Disorder, and Affective Instability in the MTBI, and Health Concerns, Cognitive Depression, Affective Depression, and Physiological Depression in the STBI. Fourth, Suicide Ideation in treatment scales was the only scale above the cutoff point in the MTBI and the others of the treatment and interpersonal scales in the MTBI and all of these scales of the STBI were not elevated above the cutoff point. Fifth, the scales of which scores showed significant difference between the MTBI and the STBI were Somatic Complaints, Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide Ideation, the subscales were Conversion, Somatization, Health Concerns, Affective Anxiety, Physiological Anxiety, Physiological Depression, and Psychotic Experiences. Conclusion:These results suggest that the patients with MTBI had more somatic and anxiety symptoms, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation than the patients with STBI. These characteristics are generally consistent with clinical observation and findings from previous studies of the patients with TBI, and the PAI seems to be a beneficial adjunctive assessment tool for the evaluation of patients with traumatic brain injury.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.587-595
• /
• 2022

In this study, in order to understand the social psychological characteristics of college male students majoring in beauty, PAI tests were conducted on 163 university students located in Gyeonggi-do and Chungnambuk area in 2020. First, when comparing the average scales of men who majored in beauty and men who majored in general, the major male students of beauty showed an overall high clinically recognized type compared to students who majored in beauty, and a negative impression on a valid scale (NIM) considered treatment for physical complaints (SOM), depression (DEP) and drinking problems (ALC) on a clinical scale, and a significant difference was shown on a suicide idea (SUI) scale. Secondly, in order to navigate the PAI scale that significantly predicts beauty major male students, a stepwise regression analysis was performed using 15 significant scales as search factors in comparison between beauty major male and general major male students. As a result, physical complaints (SOM) and depression (DEP) scales were extracted, which became a factor that can predict male students in beauty major. Therefore, it can be understood that the male students in the beauty major have behavior patterns that are more obsessed with and more impulsive to physical problems than the male majors. These results will provide a lot of suggestions for the selection of future male students in beauty major, selection, management, education, consultation materials, and selection of occupations after graduation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.507-516
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing on the smartphone usage time according to the happiness perceived by adolescents. This study underwent the approval procedure for using the raw data of the 13th (2017) Adolescents' Health Behavior Online Survey through the homepage of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and selected 54,603 persons of 12-18 age groups as subjects of the study. The analysis was performed after generating a complex sample plan file by assigning weights using the IBM SPSS 23.0 program. There were significant differences in general characteristics and physical & psychological characteristics according to the use of the smartphone in the happy group and the unhappy group (p<.05). And there was a statistically significant difference in factors affecting smartphone usage time between the group of adolescents who perceived as happy and the group who perceived themselves as unhappy. It is necessary to improve the quality of life by increasing the level of happiness through the correct use of smartphones among adolescents.