• Title/Summary/Keyword: PAD Dimension

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The Effect of Pad Groove Dimension on Polishing Performance in CMP (CMP에서 패드 그루브의 채수가 연마특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Ki-Hyun;Kim, Hyung-Jae;Jeong, Young-Seok;Jeong, Hae-Do;Park, Jae-Hong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2004.07b
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    • pp.1308-1311
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    • 2004
  • It is very important that get polishing characteristic that to be stable that accomplish planarization of high efficiency in chemical mechanical polishing, and there is repeatability Groove of pad causes much effects in flow of slurry among various factors that influence in polishing characteristic, is expected to cause change of lubrication state and polishing characteristic in contact between wafer and pad. Therefore, divided factors of pad groove by groove pattern, groove profile, groove dimensions. This research wishes to study effect that dimension of pad groove gets in polishing performance. When changed dimension (width, depth, pitch of groove) of groove, measured change of removal rate and friction force. According as groove dimension changes, could confirm that removal rate and friction force change. While result of this experiment studies effect of pad groove in CMP, it is expected to become small help.

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A Study on the Effect of Affect(PAD Dimension) Induced by Travel Agency Service Quality (여행사 서비스품질이 PAD정서차원에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Moon-Young;Kim, Gye-Seok
    • Korean Business Review
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.155-181
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    • 2006
  • According to some previous studies, it has been suggested that affect has influence on consumers' behaviors. It has been also argued that affect has stronger influence on behavior related to tour and leisure. However, only a few studies have dealt with relationship between affect and tour considering the important correlation. This research examines on the influence of various affects on tourists' attitude and repurchase intention. This study assumes that affect takes three sub-categorized factors - pleasure, arousal and domination. It is a frequently used consumer behavior area called PAD. The purpose of this research is to examine affect and their causes experienced during tour on affectional travel agency service quality. To test the hypothesis, survey data obtained from 482 outbound tourists were used. Result shows that affect(PAD dimension) aroused by tour experiences(affectional travel agency service quality) significantly influence each attitude and repurchase intention. The implication of this finding is that marketers can gain maximum profit by providing positive affect. Because of the judgement that more future studies on unique characteristics of the affect of tour are needed, this study also describes some limitations and suggestion for the future study.

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A Study on the Effects of Cross-sectional Dimension Change of Brake Pad Specimen on the Uncertainty of the Compressive Strength (제동 패드의 압축강도시편의 단면치수변화가 압축강도 불확도에 미치는 영향 분석)

  • Park, Soo Hong;Park, Jin Kyu;Kim, Si Wan;Park, Chan Kyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.223-227
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    • 2014
  • The brake pad is one of the basic brake elements of a railway vehicle. It accomplishes braking action by friction between a pad and a brake disc. Because the brake pad must endure specified high pressure, the compressive strength is managed as the main performance factor. The standards for measuring the compressive strength of brake pads are KRS, KRCS, and KRT. These standards specify the size of the test piece for measuring compressive strength as $20mm{\times}10mm{\times}15mm$ ($W{\times}D{\times}H$). To reduce the uncertainty of the compressive strength, factors of uncertainty were analyzed. The results show that changing the dimensions of the cross section was useful to reduce the uncertainty. The uncertainty due to the new cross-sectional dimension shows the effectiveness of reducing uncertainty.

Determination of Adequate Solder Volume using 3D Solder Joint Configuration in SMT (3차원 납 접합부 형상을 이용한 표면실장기술의 적정 납량 결정)

  • 최동필;김성관;유중돈
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 1996
  • In order to rpovide proper SMT design criteria in a systematic way, a mathematical formulation has been developed to predict the configuration of the solder fillet formed between the gullwing type lead and rectangular pad. Effects of SMT design parameters such as the solder volume and pad dimension on the solder profile are investigated using the FEM that calculates the 3D configuration by minimizing the energy due to surface tension and gravity in the equilibrium state. Design criteria of QFP and SOP are illustrated by plotting the acceptable range of the solder volume with respect to the length and width ratios of the pad and lead. The results show that the acceptable design range increases with increase in the pad length and width. The pad length has more significant effects on design criteria compared with the pad width, and Bond number can be utilized to predict the joint quality.

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Optimization Of CMP for $SiO_2$ Thin Film with a Control of Temperature in Pad Conditioning Process (패드 컨디셔닝시 온도조절을 통한 산화막 CMP 최적화)

  • Choi, Gwon-Woo;Park, Sung-Woo;Kim, Nam-Hoon;Chang, Eui-Goo;Seo, Yong-Jin;Lee, Woo-Sun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.731-734
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    • 2004
  • As the integrated circuit device shrinks to the smaller dimension, the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process was required for the global planarization of inter-metal dielectric(IMD) layer with free-defect. Polishing pads play a key role in CMP, which has been recognized as a critical step to improve the topography of wafers for semiconductor fabrication. It is investigated the performance of $SiO_2-CMP$ process using commercial silica slurry as a pad conditioning temperature increased after CMP process. This study also showed the change of SEM images in the pore geometry on the CMP pad surface after use with a different pad conditioning temperature.

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A Numerical Study of Energy Mechanism for Development of Road Generator System (도로용 발전장치 개발을 위한 에너지 발생기구 해석)

  • Lee, Suk Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.31 no.10
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    • pp.935-945
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    • 2014
  • This paper presents a new road generative system that employs a pad of preventive overspeed or tollgate. The system consists of pad, shaft, torsional damper, oneway-clutch, gear system, and electricity generator components. When the car driven through the road generation system, it occurred to surplus energy in the DC power. In order to maximize the power of electricity energy harvester, the simulation software is developed. It is used to determine parametric dimension for optimal design with the theoretically calculated results from the simulation software. The transient responses at the conditions of low and high vehicle speed are compared with the calculated results as torque, impact force, power, out energy etc. Consequently, before design a road generation system, the analysis of simulation results shows that the proposed concept and system has efficiency and confidence.

A STUDY ON THE OCCLUSAL PLANE AND THE VERTICAL DIMENSION IN KOREAN ADULTS WITH NATURAL DENTITION (한국 성인 유치악자의 교합평면 및 수직고경에 관한 연구)

  • Park Jeong-Hyeong;Jeong Chang-Mo;Jeon Young-Chan;Lim Jang-Seop
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.41-51
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    • 2005
  • Statement of problem. Anatomic landmarks have been used in the orientation of occlusal plane and the determination of vertical dimension for edentulous patients. Such as labial vestibules of anterior region and hamular notches, retromolar pads of posterior region are very useful anatomic landmarks for fabrication of occlusion rim because they are to be identified on master casts. Therefore, if average distances between landmarks of maxillae and mandible in dentate subjects are measured and applied, not only occlusal plane but also vertical dimension can be established initially. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to measure vertical distances between anatomic landmarks and to present a guide to the orientation of occlusal plane and the determination of vertical dimension of edentulous patients. Material and method. Upper and lower border-molded casts were made in 93 Korean dentulous subjects, mean age 25 years. Incisal edges of central incisors, bottoms of labial vestibules, hamular notches and the half level of retromolar pads were marked on casts. Measurements of vertical distances from incisal edge of central incisor to the bottom of labial vestibule, between upper and lower bottoms of labial vestibules, from hamular notch to retromolar pad and from hamular notch to the occlusal plane established by the incisal edge of maxillary central incisor and mesiopalatal cusps of both maxillary first molars were made on each cast. Results and conclusion. 1. The mean distance from the incisal edge of central incisor to the bottom of labial vestibule was 20.8mm(SD 1.7) on upper casts and 17.3mm(SD 1.4) on lower casts. 2. The mean distance between both bottoms of labial vestibules of upper and lower casts was 35.0mm(SD 2.7). 3 The mean distance from hamular notch to the half level of retromolar pad was 5.0mm(SD 1.3). 4. The mean distance from hamular notch to occlusal plane was 7.9mm(SD 1.5). 5. Distances from incisal edge of central incisor to labial vestibule on lower casts(P<0.01) and from hamular notch to retromolar pad(P<0.0001) were greater in male than in female.

Morphological Analysis of Wear Particles using Fractal Parameters

  • Cho, Y.S.;Park, H.S.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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    • 2002.10b
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    • pp.457-458
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    • 2002
  • The fractal dimension is the characteristics that can quantitatively define the irregularity in natural. It is useful in describing the morphology or various rubbed surface for hydraulic piston motor instead of the stylus profiling method. But fractal parameters had not constructed on the morphological characteristic or rubbed surface because of the insufficient knowledge about a conception of fractal dimension. In this study, for the purpose or applying fractal I parameters practically, we have suggested way to establish the morphological characteristic of rubbed surface with fractal parameters, and we carried out an experiment on the lubricant friction and wear by using Ball-ON-Disk type tester. Materials were the brass and the bronze which are used to slipper-pad in the hydraulic piston motor. We searched for fractal parameters or surface structure with the digital image processing, Surface fractal dimension can be determined by sum of intensity difference of surface pixel. Using the image processing and fractal parameters for rubbed surface in the friction and wear test, morphology of rubbed sur race can be effectively obtained by fractal dimensions.

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Ultra-small Form-Factor Helix on Pad-Type Stage-Bypass WCDMA Tx Power Amplifier Using a Chip-Stacking Technique and a Multilayer Substrate

  • Yoo, Chang-Hyun;Kim, Jung-Hyun
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.327-329
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    • 2010
  • A fully integrated small form-factor HBT power amplifier (PA) was developed for UMTS Tx applications. For practical use, the PA was implemented with a well configured bottom dimension, and a CMOS control IC was added to enable/disable the HBT PA. By using helix-on-pad integrated passive device output matching, a chip-stacking technique in the assembly of the CMOS IC, and embedding of the bulky inductive lines in a multilayer substrate, the module size was greatly reduced to 2 mm ${\times}$ 2.2 mm. A stage-bypass technique was used to enhance the efficiency of the PA. The PA showed a low idle current of about 20 mA and a PAE of about15% at an output power of 16 dBm, while showing good linearity over the entire operating power range.

English Title - A Study of Emotional Dimension for Mixed Feelings (복합적 감정(mixed feelings)에 대한 감정차원 연구)

  • Han, Eui-Hwan;Cha, Hyung-Tai
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.469-480
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we propose new method to reduce variance and express mixed feelings in Russell's emotional dimension(A Circumplex model). A Circumplex model shows mean and variance of emotions(joy, sad, happy, enjoy et. al.) in PAD(Pleasure, Arousal, Dominace, et. al.) dimension using self-diagnostic method(SAM: Self-Assessment-Manikin). But other researchers consistently insisted that Russell's model had two problems. First, data(emotional words) gathered by Russell's method have too big variance. So, it is difficult to separate valid value. Second, Russell's model can not properly represent mixed feelings because it has structural problem(It has a single Pleasure dimension). In order to solve these problems, we change survey methods, so that we reduce value of variance. And then we conduct survey(which can induce mixed feelings) to prove Positive/Negative(Pleasure) part in emotion and confirm that Russell's model can be used to express mixed feelings. Using this method, we can obtain high reliability and accuracy of data and Russell's model can be applied in many other fields such as bio-signal, mixed feelings, realistic broadcasting, et. al.