• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.321-325
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• 1989

Storage quality dried persimmons was evaluated by 5 scale scoring hedonic sensory analysis in various packaging methods and materials. Dried persimmons were deteriorated within 1 months of storage in polyethyene(PE, 0.08mm) and 1.5-2.5 months in nylon(PA/PE, 0.1mm) packages at room temperature, But those were kept good quality for 5 months of storage in PA/PE package and for 8 months in $CO_2$ or $N_2$ gas filled polyester/aluminum/casteded polypropylene(PET/Al./CPP, 0.1mm) package at $5^{\circ}C$. Dried persimmon had the best quality in water content of 37% and at humidity 75% and its shelf-life was noticialy prolonged by low temperature.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2020

Polyethylene (PE) micro-fiber have been prepared at different hot air temperature (60, 80 and 100 ℃) and different pressure (20, 40, 60 and 80 kPa) by melt centrifugal spinning technique. The parameters of melting centrifugal spinning including polymer contents, rotational velocity, temperature of hot air and pressure were optimized for the fabrication process. The study showed that 8000 rpm rotational velocity, 80 ℃ heated hot air and 40 kPa air pressure are the best condition to obtain uniform and strong PE fiber. The prepared PE fibers were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope and universal testing machine and found that fibers with reduced diameter and improved tensile strength are obtained at hot air condition.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.27
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• pp.29-33
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• 2009

Liquefied-wood polymer composite was prepared and mechanical properties was evaluated to develop potential utility of liquefied wood. The liquefied wood was made from waste wood and chemical modified with acetic anhydride and maleic anhydride (MA), phtalic anhydride (PA). The composite sheet was prepared from modified liquefied-wood and polymer(PE). The mechanical, chemical and microscopical properties composite sheet were investigated. The results were summarized as follows, 1. The tensile strength was increased and breaking elongation of composite sheet was decreased with the time of acetylation and the dosage of MA. 2. The Young's modulus of composite sheet was gradually decreased with the dosage of PA. 3. The peak intensity of 1737cm-1 in FT-IR spectra of chemical modified liquefied woods was increased. 4. The dispersity of liquefied woods with PE was improved with chemical modification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.05b
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• pp.123-126
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• 2009

This study is analyzed the effects of the number of use of aluminum form surface coating material on surface quality of concrete. The results can be summarized as follows. Surface roughness showed larger values with increase in the number of use. Values were larger in UP and AL compared to PE. While found to have bad influence on concrete surface quality, PA and W showed most excellent values for roughness. The number of surface pores increased with increasing number of use, and the number of pores on concrete surface was reduced by applying a remover. In terms of type of surface coating material, PA and W showed smallest number of pores in comparison to PE. In order to comprehensively improve surface quality of concrete, parallel use of PA coating material and remover is deemed most appropriate.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.974-981
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• 1997

A combined treatment of high hydrostatic pressure and carbonation was used to inactivate pectinesterase (PE) and sterilize microorganisms in Valencia orange juice without major changes in its nutritive components. Quality characteristics of Valencia orange juice, such as microorganisms, PE activity, vitamin C content and color, were evaluated after it was treated with pressure, carbonation-and-pressure, and heat. Quality changes during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ after the treatments were also investigated. Pressurized orange juice (pressurized at 600 MPa for 10 min at $20^{\circ}C$) showed 7.0% residual PE activity, while the carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice (207 $kPa-CO_2$ gas pressure, pressurized at 600 MPa for 10 min at $20^{\circ}C$) showed 0%. Pressurization at 400 MPa or higher decreased the population of microorganisms in the orange juice to less than 10 CFU/mL. Carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice showed slight decrease in vitamin C content when stored at both $4^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$. While heat-treated ($90^{\circ}C$ for 60 sec) orange juice showed 75% decrease in vitamin C content when stored at $30^{\circ}C$. L value (lightness) and b value (yellowness) of carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice were higher than those of heat-treated orange juice when they were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 30 days.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of the oxygen permeability of vacuum packaging film and the storage temperature on the quality and shelf life of Hamburg steaks during storage for 14 days. Control samples (C) were packaged in a polyamide/polyethylene (PA/PE) film and stored at $5^{\circ}C$. Treatment samples were either packaged in an ethylene vinyl alcohol/polyethylene (EVOH/PE) copolymer film and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ (T1), and in a PA/PE film and stored at $-18^{\circ}C$ (T2). The initial total plate count (TPC) was 3.6 log cfu/g. In T1 samples, TPC and Brochothrix thermosphacta counts were increased, similar to those in C samples, whereas Pseudomonas spp. counts were significantly lower than those in C samples during storage. Over the storage period, the volatile basic nitrogen values increased most rapidly in C samples, followed by T1 and then T2 samples. The values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances steadily increased in all samples during storage. The colour parameters were not significantly different among the samples during storage. T1 samples maintained sensory qualities in flavour and off-odour parameters for two days longer than C samples did. At day 12, T2 samples were evaluated as being below the marketability score of 5.0 for texture. In conclusion, using high oxygen barrier films like EVOH/PE copolymer for packaging Hamburg steaks could extend the sensory qualities in view of flavour and off-odour during chilled storage. However, frozen storage at $-18^{\circ}C$ is recommended when the storage period is extended beyond 14 days at $5^{\circ}C$.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2011

Visual stimuli of nets, which affect fishing selectivity, vary by twine diameter, color, and material under different light conditions and visual geometries. In this study, two cylindrical model codends of two mesh sizes, 28 and 43 mm, were made of high-contrast, dark brown polyethylene (PE) netting twine and low contrast, light-blue polyamid (PA) monofilament twine. Each model codend was filled with juvenile seabream and set in the water channel of a light-blue circular tank under a flow speed 0.8 m/s for 30 min. Light conditions were set to relatively bright, dim, and dark. The resulting retention rates of juvenile seabream were 15-35% lower for the low-contrast codend with PA monofilament than for the high contrast PE twine netting under bright and dim light conditions, while no difference was observed under dark conditions. The effects of mesh size and netting contrast on the retention rate were dependent on the light level, while the retention rate due to netting contrast was independent of mesh size. Therefore, low-contrast nets in the codend could help to reduce juvenile bycatch by disturbing the orderly optomotor response.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.260-266
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• 2010

Today's consumers are looking for emotional design which can fulfill their own potential desire. Emotion varies according to individual circumstance, age, sex, culture, education, profession and so on. Automotive instrument panel design is the most important part of interior design, because it affects the impression of interior design and has the equipments for safety, entertainment and various information. Thus, this study was performed to apply emotional design to automotive instrument panel which is the most important part of automotive interior, and find the best bonding conditions to build instrument panel efficiently by comparing mechanical properties in thermoplastic resin of polyethylene (PE) adhesion. Satisfactory adhesion was executed in ultrasonic welding for the same materials of PE. The best welding conditions were found to be welding time of I second, welding pressure of 250 kPA for PE-PE welding. Dissimilar materials were adhered when adhesion and ultrasonic welding were performed at the same time.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.448-452
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• 2000

Phospholipase D(PLD) is the enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of the terminal phosphcester bond of phospholipid head group to produce phosphatidic acid and the corresponding base. The effect of spermine on the PLD activity of rat brain mitochondrial preparation was investigated. Spermine, in the presence of oleic acid, activates the rat brain mitochondrial PLD, whose effect was further enhanced by the presence of divalent cation, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $Ba^{2+}$. Among the various monoamines tested, only histamine at the high concentration was effective in activation the PLD. Polylysine increased the PLD activity, particularly, the longer chain of the molecule activated the PLD more effectively. There was no significant difference in the substrate specificity for the PLD activity between phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phoshpatidylethanolamine (PE). This substrate specifitiy is different from the PE specificity reported for the intestinal mitochondrial PLD.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2023

The worldwide effects of COVID-19 have led to a surge in online shopping and contactless services. The consumption pattern has caused the issues such as the environmental pollution together with the increase of plastic waste. Reducing the reliance on the petroleum based plastic use for the package and replacing it with environmentally friendly material are the simple ways in order to solve those problems. Paper is an eco-friendly product with high recyclability as the food packaging materials but has still poor barrier properties. A barrier coating on surface of the paper can be achieved with the proper packaging materials featuring water, gas and grease barrier. Polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) coatings which are generally laminated or coated to paper are widely used in food packaging applications to protect products from moisture and provide water or grease resistance. However, recycling of packaging containing PE or PP matrix is limited and costly because those films are difficult to degrade in the environment. This study investigated the recyclability of modified acrylic emulsion coating papers compared to PE and PP polymer matrixes as well as their mechanical and gas barrier properties. The results showed that PE or modified acrylic emulsion coated papers had better mechanical properties compared to the uncoated paper as a control. PE or PP coating papers showed strong oil resistance property, achieving a kit rating of 12. Those papers also had a significantly higher percentage of screen reject during the recycling process than modified acrylic coated paper which had a screen rejection rate of 6.25%. In addition an uncoated paper had similar value of a screen rejection rate. It may suggest that modified acrylic emulsion coating paper can be more easily recycled than PE or PP coating papers. The overall results of the study found that modified acrylic emulsion coating paper would be a viable alternative to suggest a possible solution to an environmental problem as well as enhancing the weak mechanical and poor gas barrier properties of the paper against moisture.