• 수산경영론집
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.129-151
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• 2010

This study is to analyze the efficiency of Korean fishing ports using DEA. First, the study calculated the efficiency scores based on a CCR-BCC framework and hence technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency scores are seperated for the 38 fishing ports under study. The Average of technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency are turned out to be 0.6834, 0.8582, and 0.7774 respectively. The 15 fishing ports are fully efficient under the constant returns to scale while 21 fishing ports under the variable returns to scale. Second, the super efficiency scores are also calculated under the radial model without the consideration of slacks. The highest score is turned out to be 4.4984 for the P16 fishing port with the average score of 0.9652 for the entire fishing ports. Nevertheless, P16 fishing port has showed up only once as a reference set. On the other hand, P34 fishing port has showed up 11 times as a reference set, which scored the second highest score of 2.9815. Finally the super efficiency scores are calculated under the non-radial model with the explicit consideration of slacks. Now the P34 fishing port scored the highest score of 2.3424 with even 15 times referred to a bench-mark. Therefore the importance of P34 fishing port is emphasized once again on the field of bench-marking for the efficiency of fishing ports. When the targets for the input factors to improve the efficiency of each DMU are calculated the area of fishing port needs the most adjustment to be reduced for 40.36% on the average, while the cosignment sales area does the least adjustment for 13.70%.

• 암석학회지
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• 제11권3_4호
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• pp.121-137
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• 2002

옥천변성대의 변성진화사를 밝히기 위한 연구는 지난 수십여년간 많은 학자들에 의해 수행되어 왔다. 그 결과 옥천변성대의 변성조건이 약 $490-630^{\circ}C$, 4.2-9.4 kbar에 해당되는 중온-중압형에 속함이 밝혀졌고, 또한 시계방향의 압력-온도-시간 경로를 경험했음이 알려졌다. 이러한 결과는 드러스트 나페에 의해 옥천변성대의 지각 두께가 증가했음을 지시한다. 그러나 변성작용에 관련된 조산운동을 규명하는데는 여러 가지 어려움이 남아 있다 특히 변성시기에 대한 논란은 오랫동안 거듭되어 왔으며, 최근의 연구 결과는 옥천변성대의 최고변성작용 시기를 석탄기와 페름기의 경계 부근인 약 300-280 Ma로 규정짓는다 따라서 옥천변성대와 태백산분지는 별개의 지구조구로서 서로 다른 진화 과정을 겪었으리라 추정되며, 이들은 약 250-220 Ma사이에 봉합되어 옥천대를 형성했을 가능성이 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 옥천대의 진화과정에 대한 기존의 생각과 일부 배치되며 새로운 지체구조적 파라다임을 요구한다. 또한 옥천대가 일본의 히다연변대-히다변성대에 대비될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2019

조직의 정보화 수준을 향상시키기 위해 CMMi는 단계별로 정보화의 효율성 및 품질 향상에 많은 역할을 하였다. 대학 조직에서도 이러한 CMMi의 개념에 맞춤형 IT 거버넌스 프레임워크를 활용한다면 대학 고유의 비전 실현을 위한 대학정보화 거버넌스로 자리 잡게 될 것이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 CMMi의 staged model을 참고하여 대학 정보화에 적용할 수 있도록 개발한 대학정보시스템의 단계적 프레임워크를 제시한다. 먼저 대학 고유의 프로세스를 단계별로 적용하였고 실제로 대학 현장에서 접근하여 활용할 수 있다. 그리고 정보화 업무담당자 뿐 아니라 대학 본부의 업무 담당자 입장에서도 이를 준수하여 대학정보화 계획 및 예산에 적용할 수 있다. 계단형 프레임워크는 대학정보화 성숙도 및 Process로 분류하고 이를 대학정보시스템 수준 향상에 적용할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2012

Purpose: This study examined the corrosion level by alloy type and pH, and used the corrosion levels as the dental health data. The study utilized one Ni-Cr alloy for the full and removable partial denture metal frameworks and two Ni-Cr alloys for porcelain-fused-to-metal crown, among the non-beryllium dental casting non-precious Ni-Cr alloys. Methods: The alloy specimens were manufactured in $10cm^2$ and stored in the corrosive solution(pH 2.2-4.4) in the electrical water bath($37^{\circ}C$) for seven days. Afterwards, the metal ions were quantitatively analyzed using the ICP. Results: Of the three metal alloys, Bellabond-Plus$^{(R)}$alloy and SOLIBOND N$^{(R)}$alloy, with 22% or higher chrome chemical contents, had higher corrosion resistance than Jdium-100$^{(R)}$alloy with 20% chrome chemical content. In all three alloys, the corrosion of Ni was highest, and metal ion corrosion was higher in the pH 2.2 corrosive solution. Conclusion: Although Ni-Cr alloy was not very corrosive, a Ni-allergic patient should not have Ni-Cr alloy prosthesis. The Ni-Cr alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal crown should be designed for the dental porcelain to cover the whole crown.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.145-162
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• 2008

One of the big concerns in e-society is privacy issue. In special, in developing robust ubiquitous smart space and corresponding services, user profile and preference are collected by the service providers. Privacy issue would be more critical in context-aware services simply because most of the context data themselves are private information: user's current location, current schedule, friends nearby and even her/his health data. To realize the potential of ubiquitous smart space, the systems embedded in the space should corporate personal privacy preferences. When the users invoke a set of services, they are asked to allow the service providers or smart space to make use of personal information which is related to privacy concerns. For this reason, the users unhappily provide the personal information or even deny to get served. On the other side, service provider needs personal information as rich as possible with minimal personal information to discern royal and trustworthy customers and those who are not. It would be desirable to enlarge the allowable personal information complying with the service provider's request, whereas minimizing service provider's requiring personal information which is not allowed to be submitted and user's submitting information which is of no value to the service provider. In special, if any personal information required by the service provider is not allowed, service will not be provided to the user. P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences) has been regarded as one of the promising alternatives to preserve the personal information in the course of electronic transactions. However, P3P mainly focuses on preserving the buyers' personal information. From time to time, the service provider's business data should be protected from the unintended usage from the buyers. Moreover, even though the user's privacy preference could depend on the context happened to the user, legacy P3P does not handle the contextual change of privacy preferences. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a mutual P3P-based negotiation mechanism. To do so, service provider's privacy concern is considered as well as the users'. User's privacy policy on the service provider's information also should be informed to the service providers before the service begins. Second, privacy policy is contextually designed according to the user's current context because the nomadic user's privacy concern structure may be altered contextually. Hence, the methodology includes mutual privacy policy and personalization. Overall framework of the mechanism and new code of ethics is described in section 2. Pervasive platform for mutual P3P considers user type and context field, which involves current activity, location, social context, objects nearby and physical environments. Our mutual P3P includes the privacy preference not only for the buyers but also the sellers, that is, service providers. Negotiation methodology for mutual P3P is proposed in section 3. Based on the fact that privacy concern occurs when there are needs for information access and at the same time those for information hiding. Our mechanism was implemented based on an actual shopping mall to increase the feasibility of the idea proposed in this paper. A shopping service is assumed as a context-aware service, and data groups for the service are enumerated. The privacy policy for each data group is represented as APPEL format. To examine the performance of the example service, in section 4, simulation approach is adopted in this paper. For the simulation, five data elements are considered: $\cdot$ UserID $\cdot$ User preference $\cdot$ Phone number $\cdot$ Home address $\cdot$ Product information $\cdot$ Service profile. For the negotiation, reputation is selected as a strategic value. Then the following cases are compared: $\cdot$ Legacy P3P is considered $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered without strategic value $\cdot$ Mutual P3P is considered with strategic value. The simulation results show that mutual P3P outperforms legacy P3P. Moreover, we could conclude that when mutual P3P is considered with strategic value, performance was better than that of mutual P3P is considered without strategic value in terms of service safety.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.463-469
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• 2017

PURPOSE. To evaluate the fit of a three-unit metal framework of fixed dental prostheses made by subtractive and additive manufacturing. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One master model of metal was fabricated. Twenty silicone impressions were made on the master die, working die of 10 poured with Type 4 stone, and working die of 10 made of scannable stone. Ten three-unit wax frameworks were fabricated by wax-up from Type IV working die. Stereolithography files of 10 three-unit frameworks were obtained using a model scanner and three-dimensional design software on a scannable working die. The three-unit wax framework was fabricated using subtractive manufacturing (SM) by applying the prepared stereolithography file, and the resin framework was fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM); both used metal alloy castings for metal frameworks. Marginal and internal gap were measured using silicone replica technique and digital microscope. Measurement data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U-test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The lowest and highest gaps between premolar and molar margins were in the SM group and the AM group, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the marginal gap among the 3 groups (P<.001). In the marginal area where pontic was present, the largest gap was $149.39{\pm}42.30{\mu}m$ in the AM group, and the lowest gap was $24.40{\pm}11.92{\mu}m$ in the SM group. CONCLUSION. Three-unit metal frameworks made by subtractive manufacturing are clinically applicable. However, additive manufacturing requires more research to be applied clinically.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.256-272
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• 2017

Extreme rainfall has become more frequent over the Korean peninsula in recent years, causing serious damages. In a changing climate, traditional approaches based on historical records of rainfall and on the stationary assumption can be inadequate and lead to overestimate (or underestimate) the design rainfalls. A main objective of this study is to develop a stochastic disaggregation method of seasonal rainfall to hourly extreme rainfall, and offer a way to derive the nonstationary IDF curves. In this study, we propose a novel approach based on a Four-Parameter Beta (4P-beta) distribution to estimate the nonstationary IDF curves conditioned on the observed (or simulated) seasonal rainfall, which becomes the time-varying upper bound of the 4P beta distribution. Moreover, this study employed a Bayesian framework that provides a better way to take into account the uncertainty in the model parameters. The proposed model showed a comparable design rainfall to that of GEV distribution under the stationary assumption. As a nonstationary rainfall frequency model, the proposed model can effectively translate the seasonal variation into the sub-daily extreme rainfall.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to predict rabies protective behaviors (RPB) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) among fourth-grade students at schools in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021. A multistage sampling technique was used for sample selection. The questionnaire was divided into socio-demographic data and questions related to PMT and RPB. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using the EpiData program and inferential statistics, and the results were tested using the partial least squares model with a significance level of less than 5%. Results: In total, 287 subjects were included, of whom 62.4% were girls and 40.4% reported that YouTube was their favorite media platform. Most participants had good perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, and self efficacy levels related to rabies (43.9, 68.6, and 73.2%, respectively). However, 54.5% had only fair perceived severity levels related to rabies. Significant positive correlations were found between RPB and the PMT constructs related to rabies (β, 0.298; p<0.001), and the school variable (S4) was also a predictor of RPB (β, -0.228; p<0.001). Among the PMT constructs, self efficacy was the strongest predictor of RPB (β, 0.741; p<0.001). Conclusions: PMT is a useful framework for predicting RPB. Future RPB or prevention/protection intervention studies based on PMT should focus on improving self efficacy and response efficacy, with a particular focus on teaching students not to intervene with fighting animals. The most influential PMT constructs can be used for designing tools and implementing and evaluating future educational interventions to prevent rabies in children.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2009

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. Over the years, resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) have gone through substantial development and refinement. Several studies examined the biomechanics of tooth preparation and framework design in relation to the success rate of RBFPDs and considered retention and resistance form essential for increase of clinical retention. However, these criteria required preparations to be more invasive, which violates not only the original intentions of the RBFPD, but may also have an adverse effect on retention due to loss of enamel, an important factor in bonding. PURPOSE. The object of this in vitro study was to compare the dislodgement resistance of the new types of RBFPDs, the conventional three-unit fixed partial denture, and conventional design of RBFPD (Maryland bridge). MATERIAL AND METHODS. Fifty resin mandibular left second premolars and second molars were prepared on dentiforms, according to the RBFPD design. After model fabrication (five group, n = 10), prostheses were fabricated and cemented with zinc phosphate cement. After cementation, the specimens were subjected to tensile loading at a cross head speed of 4 mm/min in a universal testing machine. The separation load was recorded and analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple range test. RESULTS. Group V, the pin-retained RBFPDs, had the highest mean dislodgement resistance, whereas specimens of group II, the conventional RBFPDs, exhibited a significantly lower mean dislodgement resistance compared to the other 4 groups (P <.05). There were no significant differences between group I, III, and IV in terms of dislodgement resistance (P>.05). Group V had the highest mean MPa (N/$mm^2$) (P <.05). There was no significant difference between groups I, II, III and IV (P > .05). CONCLUSION. Within the limits of the design of this in vitro study, it was concluded that: 1. The modified RBFPDs which utilizes the original tooth undercuts and requires no tooth preparation, compared with the conventional design of RBFPDs, has significantly high dislodgement resistance (P < .05). 2. The modified RBFPDs which utilizes the original tooth undercuts and requires minimal tooth preparation, compared with the conventional FPDs, has significantly no difference in retention and dislodgement resistance)(P>.05). 3. The pin-retained FPDs showed a high dislodgement resistance compared to the conventional three-unit FPDs (P<.05).

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2021

본 연구는 King의 역동적 상호작용체계를 기반으로 고학년 간호대학생의 인간중심간호역량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 임상실습경험이 있는 4학년 간호대학생 242명을 대상으로 2021년 3월 20일부터 4월 3일까지 google 설문지를 통해 윤리적 민감성, 동료돌봄행위, 대인관계유능성, 사회적지지, 인간중심간호역량을 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 26.0 program을 사용하여, 기술통계, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multiple regression을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 대상자의 인간중심간호역량에 영향을 미치는 요인은 대인관계유능성(β=0.42, p<.001)과 사회적지지(β=0.29, p<.001)였으며, 이들의 설명력은 44.1%였다(F=23.77, p<.001). 본 연구는 개념적 기틀을 바탕으로 고학년 간호대학생의 인간중심간호역량에 영향을 미치는 개인적, 대인관계적, 사회적요인을 파악함으로써 이를 증진시키기 위한 방안을 모색하고 나아가 중재 프로그램 개발의 기초자료를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.