• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.752-756
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of changes to the pulsation factor of pulsed direct currents on wound healing. Patients with a pressure ulcer at a care hospital for the elderly were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 involved the application of $100{\mu}s$ in pulse duration, 10 ms in pulse period, 100 pps in a pulsation factor, 15 mA in pulse amplitude, and polarity red+ by using pulsed direct currents; Group 2 involved a change of pulse period to 8 ms; and Group 3 received general wound management. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the changing stages of pressure ulcers among the groups, all the groups dropped in numerical stages. In the two groups to which pulsed direct currents were applied, there was a statistically significant reduction in the stages of pressure ulcers from the initial assessment to the 12-week assessment (p<.05). Even though there were no statistically significant differences in changes to the area of pressure ulcers among the groups, a statistically significant decrease was found in pulsed direct current group 2 whose pulse period was shortened (p<.05). There was no difference in the healing rate of pressure ulcers among the groups, but it made a numerical increase in pulsed direct current group 1 and group 2 and a numerical decrease in group 3. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of those who had a full recovery among the groups. Those findings indicate that pulsed direct currents have positive effects on the wound healing of patients with a pressure ulcer and that a treatment with pulsed direct currents whose pulsation factor is raised by reducing the pulse duration is especially effective.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2009

본 연구는 치위생과 임상실습과정 동안의 수행경험정도를 파악하고 학습과정과 실습현장의 특성을 반영한 실습 프로그램의 개발과 프리셉터(Preceptor)제도의 도입방안을 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 8개 종합병원에서 실습하는 치위생과 학생 150명과 종합병원에 근무하는 치과위생사 58명을 대상으로 다음과 같은 결과가 나왔다. 1. 관찰 경험과 수행경험에서 기본진료 영역이 가장 높았고, 예방치과 업무에서 가장 낮은 관찰경험도가 나타났고 수행경험에서는 환자관리 업무, 예방치과, 치주과 업무 영역에서 낮은 수행 경험을 나타냈다. 2. 병원별로는 기본진료 업무영역에서 가장 높은 관찰 실습경험과 수행실습경험을 나타내었고, 위와 마찬가지 전문성을 요하는 업무영역에서는 낮은 실습 경험도를 나타냈다. 3. 치과위생사의 임상실습활동 내용의 중요도에 대한 인식에서는 3년차 이상의 치과위생사의 인식도가 전체적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate effects of a critical pathway (CP) for stroke patients seen in emergency rooms (ER). Method: The CP developed by the CP committee consisted of 8 criteria: behavior of doctors and nurses, laboratory tests, Image testing, medication, treatment, activity, and nutrition. According to application of CP, a control group (n=17) and experimental group (n=17) were defined. Time was checked by the electronic medical records. Result: Use of CP for stroke patients in the ER, resulted in a decreased length of stay in ER (t=2.341, p=.026), and time required for image testing (t=2.623, p=.021), and an increased number of patients using rtPA ($x^2$=4.802, p=.049). Time required for neurology doctor contact, for neurology doctor to see patient in the ER, and for report of blood tests decreased, but there were no statistical significance. Conclusion: Quick responses are most important in the ER, so CP for these patients is a very effective patient management tool. To reduce delay in stroke diagnosis, continuous education programs for similar symptoms are necessary. CPs for other patients in the ER should be developed, and studies on cost and satisfaction, as well as length of stay, should be done.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간정보시스템학회 2004년도 국내 LBS 기술개발 및 표준화 동향세미나
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• pp.169-181
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• 2004

SK 텔레콤은 2002년 국내 최초로 모바일 벡터 지도 서비스를 위해 OGC (OpenGIS Consortium) 국제 표준을 기반으로 하여, LBS/GIS 서비스 시스템들에 대한 하부 공통 프레임웍으로써의 GIMS 시스템을 기 구축 한바 있다 그러나 서비스 컨텐츠들이 점차 다양화 되어지고, 이러한 컨텐츠들을 실현하기 위해 시스템에 요구되어지는 사항들이 늘어나게 되면서, 좀더 확장성이 높고 기능적 측면, 효율성 측면에서의 요구 사항들을 만족시킬 수 있는 시스템으로의 고도화가 요구되었다. 본 연구는 GML 2.0기반의 GIMS 시스템을 GML 3.0기반 멀티미디어 서비스 고도화를 위해 보다 풍부한 형태의 지리 데이터를 지원할 수 있는 시스템 기반을 마련하고, 이를 통해 다양한 응용 서비스 컨텐츠들이 쉽고 자유롭게 위치 및 지리 데이터와 연동될 수 있는 기반을 마련하는 것을 목표로 하였다. GML 3.0에서 모바일 LBS 멀티미디어 서비스를 위해 애니메이션, 이벤트처리, 맵 스타일 지원을 위한 필요한 스타일, 3D 부분과 텔레메틱스 서비스를 위한 위상(Topology) 세부 사양을 채택하였으며, MS(Mobile Station)로의 자료전송을 최적화하기 위한 스키마 및 전송 프로토콜을 개발하였고 이에 기반한 시스템을 구성, 개발하였다. GML 3.0을 이용한 기존 GIMS의 고도화는 기존 연구 및 시스템에 구현, 적용되었던, 내부 구조적인 측면에서나 서비스 측면에서 혁신적인 기틀을 마련하게 되었다. GIMS에 대한 접근을 단일화하고 용이하게 하기 위한 GIMS 통합 인터페이스가 구현되었고, GIMS 내부의 서비스 컴포넌트인 WFS, WMS들에 대한 기능 확장 및 개선이 이루어졌다 가능한 창조 모델로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.}94,\;29.4{\pm}30.3,\;45.1{\pm}44$로 Mel 10군과 Mel 30군이 유의적인 감소를 보였으나(p<0.05) 이들 두 군 간의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과로, 랫트에서 복강수술 후 melatonin 10mg/kg투여가 복강 내 유착 방지에 효과적이라고 생각된다.-1}{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로서 두 생태계에 축적되었다.여한 3,5,7군에서 PUFA 함량이 증가한 반면, SFA 함량은 감소하여 P/S 비율, n-3P/n-6P 비율은 증가하는 경향이었으며 이는 간장의 인지질, 콜레스테롤 에스테르, 총 지질의 지방산조성에서도 같은 경향을 볼 수 있었다.X>$(C_{18:2})$와 n-3계 linolenic acid$(C_{18:3})$가 대부분을 차지하였다. 야생 돌복숭아 과육 중의 지방산 조성은 포화지방산이 16.74%, 단불포화지방산 17.51% 및 다불포화지방산이 65.73%의 함유 비율을 보였는데, 이 중 다불포화지방산인 n-6계 linoleic acid$(C_{18:2})$와 n-3계 linolenic acid$(C_{18:3})$가 지질 구성 총 지방산의 대부분을 차지하는 함유 비율을 나타내었다.했다. 하강하는 약 4일간의 기상변화가 자발성 기흉 발생에 영향을 미친다고 추론할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구에서 추론된 기상변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.는 초과수익률이 상승하지만, 이후로는 감소하므로, 반전거래전략을 활용

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2002

Purpose: In this study, the critical pathway for laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients was developed and applied for clinical study. The effectiveness of the critical pathway was analyzed. Method: The subjects with no critical pathway services of this study were 30 laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation patients, who were hospitalized in B General Hospital in Busan from Nov. 28. 2000 to May 2. 2001. The subjects with critical pathway services of this study were 30 laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation patients, who were hospitalized in B General Hospital in Busan from June. 11. 2001 to Oct. 31. 2001. Results: 1. Development for critical pathway Preliminary critical pathway for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients was developed though analysis of the reference and 34 case of medical record. The items on the y-axis were assessment, test, treatment, diet, fluid, consult, medication, activity and education and the items on the x-axis were till 3days after operation. The developed critical pathway was applied in clinical field. 2.　Effectiveness of application on developed critical pathwayPost operational complication was not found in neither the critical pathway using Group nor Non-using Group. Hospitalization period mean was 4.63 days for the using Group and 5.93 days for the Non-using Group(P=.001). The mean cost for medical examination and treatment for the using Group was 786,270 won, 117,454 won(12.9%) less than that of the Non-using Group, 903,724 won(P=.000). The degree of satisfaction for the using group was 3.7 points, for the Non-using Group, 3.15 points. The degree of satisfaction for the used Group was 0.55 points higher than that for the Non-using Group and there was a statistically significant difference(P=.000). Concousion: From results of this study, Using the critical pathway in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy operational patients was effective in decreasing the hospitalization period and cost, and increasing the satisfaction about the medical service.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.84-97
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the Korean Prototype of Wellness Index (KP-WI) and identify the relationship between Koreans' health characteristics and wellness. Methods: The Wellness Index (WI) was translated into the primitive version of the KP-WI, considering the Koreans' culture and health behavior. It was administered to 223 service industrial employees at one workplace along with the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Stress Questionnaire-Short Form. Data analyses included item-total correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The primitive version was modified to KP-WI based on the item-total correlation. The items considered to lower the reliability of the KP-WI were eliminated. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for each subscale ranged from .857 to .939. Perceived stress and negative emotions correlated significantly with wellness measured by KP-WI (r=-.29, p<.001; r=-.27, p<.001). Positive emotions correlated significantly with wellness (r=.60, p<.001). Conclusion: This study contributes to the development of Korean-style wellness indexes by developing a prototype and exploring the factors related to wellness.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권6호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2011

Background: We tried to examine the small airway diseases which can be found early, in workers exposed to inorganic dusts. This is measured in normal breath by using the impulse oscillometry (IOS). Methods: The Pulmonary function test (forced vital capacit [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [$FEV_1$], forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity [$FEF_{25-75}$]), IOS resistance (Rrs at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 Hz) and reactance (Xrs at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 Hz) were measured for 454 workers. The subjects were classified into 173 workers of normal (38.1%) and 281 patients with pneumoconiosis (61.9%). Results: There were significant differences between normal and patients with FVC ($3.82{\pm}0.61$ vs. $3.53{\pm}0.56L$), $FEV_1$ ($2.67{\pm}0.63$ vs. $2.35{\pm}0.48L$), and $FEF_{25-75}$ ($1.88{\pm}0.95$ vs. $1.47{\pm}0.80L/sec$) between groups (p<0.05). And as for IOS, there was no significant difference in resistance (Rrs) (p>0.05), and there were significant differences between normal and patients with reactance (Xrs) 15 Hz ($0.003{\pm}0.05$ vs. $-0.006{\pm}0.04kPa/L/s$), 20 Hz ($0.043{\pm}0.05$ vs. $0.031{\pm}0.04kPa/L/s$), and 35 Hz ($0.141{\pm}0.05$ vs. $0.131{\pm}0.05kPa/L/s$) between groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: We could find out that 15 Hz, 20 Hz, and 35 Hz values of reactance were significantly influenced by pneumoconiosis. When usefulness and reproducibility to carry out the IOS are considered, it is thought that in future work will be required to draw the reference values for normal Korean persons.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2023

This batch experiment evaluated the impacts of major plant nutrient releases by applying the modified Hyperbola model on the leachates and N₂O emissions from incorporated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials. The treatments consisted of the control as incorporated with organic fertilizer materials, the incorporated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials, and the incorporated plasma-activated rice hull biochar with organic fertilizer materials under redox conditions. The results indicated that the maximum release amount of NH₄-N was 3486.3 mg L^-1 in the control, and their reduction rates of NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄-P, and K were 8.0%, 17.5% 44.3.0% and 8.7%, respectively, relative to the control. In the control, the highest soluble amount of PO₄-P was 681.0 mg L^-1. The estimations for accumulated NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄-P, and K-releases in all the treatments were significantly (p<0.01) fitted with a modified Hyperbola model. For greenhouse gas emissions, the lowest cumulative N₂O was 340.4 mg kg^-1 in the soil incorporated with plasma-activated rice hull biochar, and the reduction rates were 27.8% and 86.4% in the rice hull biochar and plasma-activated rice hull biochar treatments, respectively, compared to the control. Therefore, it concluded that the incorporated rice hull biochar can be especially useful for controlling PO₄-P release and N₂O emissions for bio-fertilizer applications.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.568-580
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• 2019

MaaS의 영향력이 주목받고 있는 가운데, 공유 모빌리티를 중심으로 모빌리티 서비스 시장이 급격히 성장하고 있다. 시장 선점을 위해서 현재 초기 확산단계에 있는 퍼스널 모빌리티 서비스 이용자의 인식과 경험을 파악하고, 향후 확장될 시장의 잠재 소비자들의 특성을 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 이 연구는 주관성 연구방법인 Q 방법론을 사용하여 퍼스널 모빌리티 이용자 유형을 분류하고 UX(User experience) 전략을 수립하고자 하였다. 제품 및 서비스 특성과 이용자의 개인적 특성 요소들을 중심으로 41개 구성하고, 잠재 사용자와 실사용자를 포함하는 30명의 P샘플을 대상으로 데이터를 수집하였다. QUANL 소프트웨어를 사용하여 수집한 데이터를 분석하였으며, 그 결과 (1)효율적인 이동 우선형(Mobility Efficiency), (2)경계하는 안전추구형(Safety First), (3)합리적인 여가활용형(Rational Utilization), (4)호기심 많은 재미추구형(Sheer Riding Pleasure)의 네 가지 심성 모형이 도출되었다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.87-104
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• 2009

Objective: In this study, the dental health care knowledge, dental health behaviors and dental health status of elementary school students were compared and analyzed in the cases of their schools having dental health care center or not one. Methods: The target groups were 167 students of A school (experimental group) where pit-and-fissure sealants, fluoride mouthrinsing, and fluoride gel application were carried out with all grades of students by school dental health care center and 158 students of B school (control group) where fluoride mouthrinsing, for all grades students and pit-and-fissure sealants for the first grade students are carried out but have no the school dental health care center. Results: This study was carried out through the answer sheets and recordings of dental inspection. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The dental health care knowledge was compared and the results showed that on average 14.2$\pm$2.1 in experimental group and 14.0$\pm$1.9 in the control group were no significantly different (p>0.05). 2. The dental health behaviors were compared and the results showed that the experimental group was significantly different(p<0.05) in terms of the number of times of dental brushing a day, the method of tooth brushing, the time of tooth brushing, the experience of tooth brushing with fluorine, the kinds of snacks and tooth brushing in school after lunch. But there was no significant difference(p>0.05) in the time of tooth brushing and the tooth brushing after eating snacks. 3. The DMF rate was compared and the results showed the significantly difference between the average experimental group and 53.8$\pm$5.0 in the control group(p<0.05). 4. The DMFT index was compared and the results showed the significantly difference between the average 0.6$\pm$2 in the experimental group and 1.4$\pm$1.6 in the control group(p<0.05). 5. The DMFI rate was compared and the results showed the significantly difference between the average 4.2$\pm$8.3 in the experimental group and 9.5$\pm$11.0 in the control group. (p<0.05). 6. The DT rate were compared and the results showed the significantly difference between the average 10.2$\pm$29.5 in the experimental group and 32.4$\pm$44.0 in the control group(p<0.05). 7. The FT rate were compared and the results showed the significantly difference between the average 88.5$\pm$31.0 in the experimental group and 67.5$\pm$44.0 in the control group(p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results, above there was no significant difference in dental health care knowledge between both the experimental and the control group. But we discovered that the experimental group is better than the other one in dental health care behaviors and dental health status. Therefore, we could conclude that the school dental health care center efficiently carried out the dental care and treatment. As school dental health care centers did not work out efficiently in terms of their educating on the dental health acre knowledge, the related programs to be developed and supported.