• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 1987

Neohaplonts were obtained to improve mushroom strain from dikaryon strains of Flammulina Velutips, Ganoderma lucidum, Lyophyllum ulmarium, Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus spodoleucus by protoplast reversion. The noehaplont frequency from reversion colonies of protoplasts was 4.47-47.7%. Four more types of morphological characteristics were detected from neohaplonts of protoplast reversion in L. ulmarium, P. cornucopiae and P. spodoleucus, but one or two types were neohaplonts in F.velutipes and G. lucidum. Growth rate of neohaplonts was slow compared with dikaryon strains.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 1987

This experiment was undertaken to investigate proper conditions for protoplast formation from Pleurotus spodoleucus. Novozym 234 was the most effective enzyme and a high yield of protoplasts was obtained. Combination of enzymes did not improve this result. Sucrose gave the best result to support the release and maintain the stability of protoplasts. The optimal reaction time of mycelium with the lytic mixture was 3 hrs. in shaking condition at 120 strokes $min-^1$. When mycelium of P. spodoleucus was cultured for 3 days on mushroom complete agar medium at $27^{\circ}C$, the formation of protoplasts was effective. The mushroom complete agar medium stabilized with 0.6 M sucrose was the most effective for reversion of protoplasts.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 1993

Plasmid DNAs were detected from the mitochondrial fraction of four strains of whiterot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus. The size of the plasmids were 10.2 and 7.2 kb in strain NFFA 2, 10.2 kb in NFFA 4001, 11.2 kb in NFFA 4501, and 10.2 and 11.2 kb in KFCC 11635. The two strains,NFFA 2ml and NFFA 2m2, which are mutant derivatives of NFFA 2, did not contain any plasmids. The cleavage by proteinase K indicated that these plasmids have DNA ends associated with proteins. In digestion with proteinase K all the plasm ids remained resistant to lambda exonuclease which hydrolyzes DNA from 5' ends and were sensitive to exonuclease III which hydrolyzes DNA from 3' ends. This suggests that the plasmids are linear double-stranded DNA and the terminal proteins are covalently linked to 5' ends of plasm ids. In order to find relationship between these plasmids, hybridization of plasm ids by each separate plasmid DNA was done. The result indicated that the plasmids can be classified into at least 3 groups. Plasmids of group I were present in all the P ostreatus. More mitochondrial plasmids were detected in P cornucopiae. P ,florida, P pulmonarius, P sajor-caju, and P spodoleucus. The size of plasmids ranged between 7.2 kb and 14 kb. All the species except P cornucopiae contained plasmids of approximately 10 kb which hybridized with the 10.2 kb plasmid (group I) of P ostreatus NFFA 2.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.38-39
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• 1996

The internal regions of nuclear small subunit rRNA from 6 plaeurotus species and 5 Pleurotus ostreatus strains were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The DNA sequences of 8 Pleurotus strains (P. ostreatus NFFA2, NFFA4501, NFFA4001, KFFA4001, KFCC11635, P florida, P. florida, P. sajor-cuju, P. pulmonarius, and P. spodoleucus) were idential, but P. cornucopiae differed from them in two bases out of 605 bases. However, p[hylogenetic analysis of the sequences by DNA-distance matrix and UPGMA methods showed that P. ostreatus NFFA2m1 and NFFA2m2, known as mutants of P. ostreatus NFFA2, belonged to anther group of Basidiomycotina, which is close to the genus Auricularia. The difference of the SSU rDNA sequences of P. cornucopiae from other Pleurotus species tested corresponds to the difference of mitochondrial plasmid type present in Pleurotus species as observed by Kim et al. (1993, Korean J. Microbiol. 31, 141-147).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.2 s.85
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• pp.163-172
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• 1998

Thirty six strains of Pleurotus spp., from world-wide nations, were examined for interspecific isozyme variation. A comparison of isozymes in mycelial extracts of the fungal genus Pleurotus was made by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. A total of one hundred and sixty six bands was resolved from six isozymes. A cluster analysis was done based on the zymograms for esterase, glucosephosphate isomerase, leucine aminopeptidase, malate dehydrogenase, peroxidase, and phosphoglucomutase. From the isozyme analysis, esterase showed higher degree of variability, while it was observed less variability for the enzymes such as glucosephosphate isomerase, malate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucomutase. The species P. ostreatus, whose taxon is controversial, was discriminated from P. pulmonarius, while P. florida was classified as a distinct taxon. The clustering of P. sapidus and P. spodoleucus strains appeared to be more difficult. It was found that some strains were included to another cluster based on electrophoretic banding patterns. These results show that this lack of congruence among data sets may help explain the taxonomic difficulty within the genus Pleurotus. A dendrogram of genetic similarities was presented, and applications of isozyme data to the systematics of these commercially important fungi was discussed.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.154-162
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• 2014

Oyster mushrooms including of P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, P. pulmonarius and P. cornucopiae are one of the famous mushrooms for foods in Korea. RAPD were carried out using 14 of oligoprimers to analyze the phylogenetic relationship among 57 strains of 32 Pleurotus species. Most of species formed the minimum clade with strains within species and was divided respectively species. Therefore clade was separated well in accordance species. Pleurotus species formed again clade to be added in close related to other species, and were discriminated by sixteen clades with each representative species including high similarity groups. Sixteen clades were composed representative species according to each clade. There were clade I of P. pulmonarius(P. sajor-caju, P. opuntiae, P. sapidus), clade II of P. eryngii(P. fuscus var. ferulae, P. fossulatus), clade III of P. ostreatus(P. ostreatus var. columbinus, P. spodoleucus, P. floridanus), clade IV of P. florida, clade V of P. djamor(P. flabellatus, P. incarnates, P. salmoneo-stramineus), clade VII of P. populinus(P. subareolatus), clade VIII of P. cystidiosus(P. cystidiosus var. formosensis), clade X of P. dryinus(P. dryinus var. pometi), clade XIV of P. cornucopiae(P. citrinopilieatus, P. euosmus), and clade XV of P. australis. These species were representative species each clades. Five species, P. ulmarius(clade VI), P. griseus(clade IX), P. calyptratus(clade XI), P. lampas(clade XII), P. smithii(clade XIII)and P. serotinus (clade XVI) were used each one strain in analysis, so they were clustered other groups.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.37-37
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• 1996

The internal regions of nuclear small subunit rRNA from 6 plaeurotus species and 5 Pleurotus ostreatus strains were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The DNA sequences of 8 Pleurotus strains (P. ostreatus NFFA2, NFFA4501, NFFA4001, KFFA4001, KFCC11635, P florida, P. florida, P. sajor-cuju, P. pulmonarius, and P. spodoleucus) were idential, but P. cornucopiae differed from them in two bases out of 605 bases. However, p[hylogenetic analysis of the sequences by DNA-distance matrix and UPGMA methods showed that P. ostreatus NFFA2m1 and NFFA2m2, known as mutants of P. ostreatus NFFA2, belonged to anther group of Basidiomycotina, which is close to the genus Auricularia. The difference of the SSU rDNA sequences of P. cornucopiae from other Pleurotus species tested corresponds to the difference of mitochondrial plasmid type present in Pleurotus species as observed by Kim et al. (1993, Korean J. Microbiol. 31, 141-147).ishement of silencing at the HMR/hsp82 locus can occur in G1-arrested cells. Cell cycle arrest at G1 phase was achieved by treatment of early log a cell cultures with .alpha.-factor mating pheromone, which induces G1 arrest. The result suggests that passage through S phase (and therefore DNA replication) is nor required for re-establishing silencer-mediated repression at the HMNRa/HSP82 locus. Finally, to test whether de nono protein synthesis is required for re-establishment of silencer-mediated repression, cells were pretreated with cycloheximide (500 /.mu.g/ml) 120 min. It was apparent that inhibiting protein synthesis delays, but does not prevent, re-establishment of silencer-mediated repression. Altogether, these results indicate that re-establishment of silencer-mediated repression is not dependent on the DNA replication and has no requirement for protein synthesis.