• 제목/요약/키워드: P. multocida

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돼지 호흡기질병 병인체의 항균제 감수성 조사 (Antimicrobial susceptibility features of porcine respiratory bacterial pathogens by modified broth dilution method)

  • 송동준;서동균;이춘식;배영찬;김원일;김봉환
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 2000
  • There are several main antibacterial susceptibility tests, such as agar dilution method, broth dilution method and disk diffusion technique. Especially, for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, agar dilution method has been widely used. But that method is so complicated and bothering that it's difficult to treat a large amount of strains. On the other hand, modified broth dilution method(add 1% glucose and 0.018% phenol red as a pH indicator to broth) is fast and easy to perform. Most of all, it can visualize the result by color. The MICs of 22 antibiotics Including penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, lincomycin, ceftiofur, vancomycin and quinolones, erythromycin, colistin. sul-fadimethoxine, trimethoprim for arcanobacterium pyogenes 14 strains, actinobacillus pleuropneu-moniae 41 strains and pasteurella multocida 37 strains, which were collected from porcine during 1996 ∼ 1999, were determined by modified broth dilution method. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was highly susceptible to all kinds of quinolones such as ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and to all aminoglycosides, like gentamicin, apramycin, kanamycin and ampicillin, cephalothin and ceftiofur. But It was quite resistant to solfadimethoxin, colistin and vancomycin. Pasteurella multocida was found to have high susceptibility to ampicillin, cephalothin, chlorampenicol and gentamicin but had mid-degree susceptibility to other aminoglycosides. In addition, it was susceptible to norfloxacin and nalidixic acid, but not to newer fluoroquinolone like ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin and it was resistant to colistin and kanamycin. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was highly susceptible to most of quinolones such as cipoofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and gentamicin and penicillin G. But it also obtained high resistance against the early quinolone, nalidixic acid and aminoglycosides such as amikacin, apramycin and kanamycin and erythromycin, chlorampenicol, tetracyclin and vancomycin.

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전북지역 도축돈 호흡기질병 조사 (Seasonal survey on the respiratory diseases of slaughtered pigs in Jeonbuk, Korea)

  • 임미나;김철민;박영민;송주태;진재권;조현웅
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2016
  • The present study was conducted to investigate the lesion of red internal organs in slaughtered pigs and provided assistant data for pig farms. During March to December 2015, a total of 1,160 lung samples out of 58 herds were collected randomly from pigs slaughtered in Jeonbuk province. In addition, 290 hilar lymph nodes from pig with pneumonic lung lesion (5 samples per herd) were screened for selected viral and bacterial pathogens. Gross lesions of lungs such as swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), pleuritis, pleuropneumonia, pericarditis and liver white spots were examined. The overall prevalence of SEP was 64.3% (746/1,160). In the analysis of seasonal prevalence, there was an increase of occurrence during the spring months (287/400, 71.8%) and decrease during the fall months (93/200, 46.5%) among the whole herds. The mean number of SEP score per pig was $1.20{\pm}1.28$. The prevalence of pleuropneumonia, pleuritis, pericarditis, and milk spot was 25.5% (296/1,160), 44.1% (512/1,160), 3.8% (44/1,160) and 17.6% (204/1,160), respectively. The most frequent region with lung lesion was diaphragmatic lobes (left 17.1%, right 17.3%). In the detection of viral pathogens by PCR, porcine circovirus type2 (PCV2) was positive in 86.9% (252/290), while porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was not detected, In the case of bacterial pathogens, 50 microorganisms were isolated by PCR and/or microbiological test. The most frequently isolated bacteria was Streptococcus suis (20, 34.4%), followed by Pasteurella multocida (17, 29.3%), Streptococcus spp. (11, 3.4%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (2, 8.9%).

Prevalence study of respiratory pathogens in Korean cats using real-time polymerase chain reaction

  • Lee, Mi-Jin;Park, Jin-ho
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.145-153
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    • 2022
  • Pathogens such as feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Chlamydia felis, Mycoplasma felis and Pasteurella multocida usually cause feline upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). Real-time PCR was used to analyze the detection and prevalence of the most common respiratory pathogens in cats with (n=69) and without respiratory signs (n=31). Pathogens were detected in 53 cats, divided into 37 (69.8%) with a single pathogen, 15 (28.3%) with two pathogens, and 1 (1.9%) with three pathogens. M. felis had the highest detection rate in 29 (42.0%) cats, P. multocida was detected in 18 (26.1%), FHV in 10 (14.5%), FCV in 7 (10.1%), B. bronchiseptica in 3 (4.3%), and C. felis in 2 (2.9%). M. felis was the most frequently detected pathogen in cats living outdoors without vaccination. Of the 37 cats infected with single pathogen, nasal discharge was observed in 13 (35.1%), ocular signs in 6 (16.2%), drooling in 5 (13.5%), dyspnea in 3 (8.1%), and asymptomatic in 10 (27.0%). In 51 outdoor and 49 indoor cats, pathogens were detected in 35 (68.6%) and 18 (36.7%) cats, respectively. Of the 29 cats infected with M. felis, 22 (75.9%) showed respiratory signs, and 7 (24.1%) were healthy. In the age of the 53 positive cats, 10 (18.9%) were under the age of 1 year, 26 (49.1%) were aged 1~3 years, and 17 (32.1%) were aged 3 years or older. Although the number of cats in the study was small, the results can provide valuable data on the prevalence of URTD in Korean cats.

돼지호흡기세균에 대한 oxytetracycline과 tiamulin의 시험관내 상승작용 및 돼지에서의 약물동태학 (Synergistic effects of oxytetracycline and tiamulin against swine respiratory bacteria and their pharmacokinetics in the pigs)

  • 박승춘;윤효인;이근우
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.45-54
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    • 2002
  • The study was carried out to characterize the pharmacokinetics after intravenous (iv, 20 mg/kg) and oral (p.o. 100 mg/kg) administration as oxytetracycline (OTC) and tiamulin (TIA) mixture in swine and to determine interaction between OTC and TIA against various pig pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effects of OTC in combination with TIA in vitro showed synergistic effect against Salmonella typhimurium 1925, Pasteurella multocida Type A, P. multocida Type D, Krebsiella Pneumoniae 2001, K. Pneumoniae 1560, K. Pneumoniae 2208, Haemophillus pleuropneumonia S 2, and H. pleuropneumonia S 5, but against additive effect E. coli K88ab and S. choleraesuis on the basis of fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. On the while, after i.v. and p.o. administration of OTC and TIA mixture, each OTC and TIA concentrations in plasma were fitted to an open two-compartment model. After i.v. administration of OTC-TIA mixture, the mean distribution half-life ($T_{1/2{\alpha}}$) of OTC and TIA in plasma showed 0.29 h and 0.17 h, and the mean elimination half-life ($T_{1/2{\beta}}$) of those was 4.36 h and 6.64 h, respectively. The mean volume of distribution at steady state ($Vd_{ss}$) of OTC and TIA was $0.85{\ell}/kg$ and $2.44{\ell}/kg$, respectively. After oral administration of OTC and TIA mixture, the mean maximal absorption concentrations ($C_{max}$) of OTC and TIA were $0.60{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ at 1.07 h ($T_{max}$) and $1.68{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ at 1.85 h ($T_{max}$), respectively. The mean elimination half-life ($T_{1/2{\beta}}$) of those showed 6.84 h and 6.36 h. In conclusion, we could suggest in this study that the combination of OTC and TIA may be recommended for the antibacterial therapy against polymicrobial infections, and both OTC and TIA showed large distribution to tissues and high $C_{max}$ after p.o. administration.

도축돈에서 분리된 Strptococcus suis에 대한 연구 (Studies on the Streptococcus suis isolated from slaughtered pigs)

  • 윤선종;고홍범
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.281-288
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    • 1997
  • Streptococcus suis has been identified as a major cause of contagious disease in pigs Ithas been isolated worldwide from pigs suffering from meningitis, bronchopneumonia, polyserositis, polyarthritis and septicemia. Two hundred and fifty-five lung samples of slaughter pigs with gross lung lesions were collected from Jan. to Dec. 1995 in southern Chonnam area. Isolation of S suis were tested by biochemical, serological methods and antimicrobial susceptibility. The results were summerrized as follows ; 1. S suis was Isolated from 30 of 254 pneumonic lungs, 14 Isolates were isolated only, 12 were isolated with p. multocida and 4 were isolated with unidentified Gram positive cocci. 2. In biochemical characteristics studies, all isolates were not grown in 6.5% NaCl medium, and most isolates utilized L-leucine-2-naphtylamide and trehalose, didn't utilize sorbitol, ribose and L-arabinose. 3. In slide agglutination test, 6(20%) Isolates were classified as serotype 2, 4(13.3%) isolates were as serotype l/2, 16, 2 and 2(6.6%) were as serotype 1, 4, 13. 4. S suis isolates showed marked susceptibility to amoxicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin and cepoferazone and high resistance to kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin.

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도축돈에서 폐렴의 혈청학적 및 병리학적 관찰 (Serological and pathological findings of pneumonia in slaughtered pigs)

  • 박창묵;장국현;한정희
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.113-124
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    • 2000
  • A total of 500 sera and lungs of slaughtered pigs were examined to investigate antibody titer, prevalence of pulmonary lesion, and interrelation among lung lesion score, type of pulmonary lesion and antibody titers by ELISA. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The highest distribution of antibody titer was showed at 20 - 80 in M hyopneumoniae, 160-640 in P multocida type A and 160 - 640 in A pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 and 5. 2. The prevalence of pulmonary lesions was 84.0%, mean pulmonary lesion and mean lung score listed as 24.0$\pm$19.8% and 2.5$\pm$1.6, respectively. 3. In the prevalence of type of pulmonary lesion, enzootic pneumonia, pleuropneumonia and pleuritis were 58.2%, 10.0% and 15.8%, respectively. 4. Lung lesion score and type of pulmonary lesion were not interrelated with the distribution of antibody titer to specific pathogens, and causative pathogens of respiratory diseases were complicated with various bacteria.

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통영 바다목장 해역의 종속영양세균 군집의 연차적 분포 (Annual Distribution of Heterotrophic Bacterial Community in the Marine Ranching Ground of Tongyeong Coastal Waters)

  • 김말남;이한웅;이진환
    • 환경생물
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.273-278
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    • 2007
  • [ $2003{\sim}2007$ ]년 통영 바다목장 해역 5개 정점을 대상으로 표층수와 저층수의 종속영양세균의 개체수를 측정하고, 종속영양세균 군집의 종조성 및 우점종을 분석하였다. 종속영양세균은 겨울이나 봄 및 가을에 비하여 해수의 온도가 높은 여름에 더 많이 검출되었으며, 정점별 변화는 특별한 변화 경향이 없었다. 2003년 10월 및 2004년 9월에는 태풍과 집중호우의 영향으로 표층수와 저층수의 개체수가 큰 차이를 나타내지 않거나 저층수의 개체수가 표층수보다 오히려 더 많은 경우도 있었다. 통영 바다목장 해역의 종속영양세균 개체수는 해를 거듭할수록 감소하는 추세를 나타내었다. 종속영양세균 군집의 종조성은 Pseudomonas fluorescens TY1, Pseudomonas stutzeri TY2, Acinetobacter lwoffii TY3, Sphingomonas paucimobilis TY4, Burkholderia mallei TY5, Pasteurella haemolytica TY6, Pasteurella multocida TY7, Comamonas acidovorans TY8, Actinobacillus ureae TY9 및 Chryseobacterium indologenes TY10으로 조사되었고, P. fluorescens TY1과 A lowffii TY3이 우점종으로 분석되었다.

토양세균의 Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate,$Sky-Green^R$$Mater-Bi^R$분해 특성 (Biodegradation Characteristics of Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, $Sky-Green^R$ and $Mater-Bi^R$ by Soil Bacteria)

  • 이애리;김말남
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2000
  • 생분해성 플라스틱으로 현재 상업화에 가장 근접해 있는 poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), $Sky-Green^R$(SG) 및 $Mater-Bi^R$(MB)를 활성오니토 및 경작토에 매립하여 PHB 분해세균 3주, SG 분해세균 3주 및 MB 분해세균 1주를 분리하였다. PHB 분해세균은 Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum 및 Micrococcus diversus로, SG 분해세균은 Pseudomonas vesicuraris, Pasteurlla multocida 및 Flavobacterium odoratum으로, MB 분해세균은 Pseudomonas vesicuraris로 동정되었다. 각 플라스틱 film을 함유한 무기염 액체배지에서 28일 간의 생분해성 실험 결과 평균 중량감소는 PHB와 SG은 각각 44~69% 및 25~32%, MB는 29%를 나타내어 PHB의 생분해성이 가장 우수하였다. 각 플라스틱 film의 활성오니토 매립 전과 후의 표면 변화를 조사한 결과 미생물이 다공성의 film 표면에 많은 colony를 형성하는 것이 SEM으로 관찰되었다. PHB, SG 및 MB의 무생물적 분해와 F. oryzihabitans에 의한 미생물학적 생분해를 TOC와 pH 변화로 측정하여 비교 분석하였을 때, SG과 MB는 분해 정도가 서로 유사하였으나 PHB는 SG는 MB에 비하여 dir 3배 더 빠르게 무생물적 분해가 일어났다. Yeast extract를 포함한 배지에서 PHB, GS 및 MB의 분해는 yeast extract를 포함하지 않은 배지에서 보다 훨씬 빠르게 안정되었으며, 두 경우 모두 PHB의 분해는 SG 및 MB에 비하여 더 빠르게 일어졌다.

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돼지의 호흡기질병 치료 및 예방에 대한 Enrofloxacin의 효과 (Effect of Enrofloxacin (Baytril Premix)for the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases in Swine)

  • 예재길;서정기;박경윤;김병기;김용희
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.401-406
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    • 1992
  • 돼지의 호흡기질병을 효과적으로 치료 및 예방하고자 Enrofloxacin(Baytril premix)를 사료에 혼합하여 호흡기질병이 산발적으로 발생하고 있는 돈군에 투여하여 호흡기질병의 치료여부, 증체량, 사료요구율, 폐병변치 등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 육성돈군에 Enrofloxacin(Baytril premix)를 10일간 급여하였던 바 증체량은 33일동안 31kg이었으나 대조구에서는 20.5kg으로써 통계적 유의차를 보였으며(p<0.05), 사료요구율도 개선되었고(p<0.05), 호흡기질병의 임상증상도 없어졌다. 2. 폐병변조사에서 Baytril 급여구에서는 평균 폐병변의 형성정도는 전체 폐면적의 7.92%이었으나 대조구에서는 15.8%의 심한 병변이 형싱되어 있었다. 3. 공시농장에서 발생하고 있는 호흡기질병은 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae에 의한 흉막폐렴, Mycoplasma성 유행성폐렴 및 Pasteurella multocida에 의한 폐렴 등이었다.

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The Effect of Probiotics on Microbiology, Health and Performance of Fattening Rabbits

  • Kritas, S.K.;Petridou, E.I.;Fortomaris, P.;Tzika, E.;Arsenos, G.;Koptopoulos, G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권9호
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    • pp.1312-1317
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    • 2008
  • The objective of the present trial was to determine the effect of a thermostable probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis on health and production parameters of fattening rabbits from weaning until slaughter. In a rabbitry with average post-weaning mortality of 5-9%, 1,680 rabbits were supplied with: a) a basic feed, or b) the same basic feed supplemented with probiotic from the 4th day postweaning (41st day of age) up to 88th day of age. Clinical signs, microbiological status and growth performance were recorded for two distinct fattening periods, growing and finishing. A significant decrease in mortality of probiotic-treated rabbits when compared to the controls was observed during the growing and entire fattening periods. Within these periods, E. coli and C. perfringens - but not P. multocida - were isolated at a lower frequency from probiotic-treated rabbits (p<0.05). Compared to the control animals, probiotic-treated rabbits were 54 g and 123 g heavier at the end of the growing and finishing phases, respectively, and had significantly higher average daily gain and better feed conversion ratio (p<0.05).