• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oxygen Consumption Rate

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Effect of Water Temperature and Body Weight on Oxygen Consumption Rate of Starry Flounder Platichthys stellatus (강도다리 Platichthys stellatus의 산소 소비율에 미치는 수온과 체중의 영향)

  • Oh, Sung-Yong;Jang, Yo-Soon;Noh, Choong Hwan;Choi, Hee Jung;Myoung, Jung-Goo;Kim, Chong-Kwan
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2009
  • The effect of water temperature (T) and body weight (W) on oxygen consumption of fasted starry flounder Platichthys stellatus was investigated in order to assess the metabolic response of this species at given conditions. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured under six different water temperatures (4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$) and at two different body weights (mean weight of fry group : 1.5 g; fingerling group : 37.4 g) at an interval of 5 minutes for 24 hours using a continuous flow-through respirometer. In each treatment three replicates were set up and a total 540 fish in fry groups and 90 fish in fingerling groups were used. The OCRs increased with increase of water temperature in both groups (p<0.001). Mean OCRs at 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$ were 1386.0, 1601.7, 1741.0, 1799.2, 2239.1 and $2520.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$ in fry groups, and 83.8, 111.4, 126.3, 147.1, 187.7 and $221.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$ in fingerling groups, respectively. The OCRs decreased with increasing body weights at six different water temperatures (p<0.001). The relationship between water temperature and body weight is described by the following equation : OCR=1520.91+40.85T-49.22W ($r^2=0.95$, p<0.001). The energy loss by metabolic response increased with an increase in water temperature and a decrease in body weight (p<0.001). Mean energy loss rates by oxygen consumption at 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$ were 907.9, 1046.5, 1141.6, 1177.0, 1467.3 and $1650.1kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ in fry groups and 54.8, 73.0, 82.9, 96.2, 122.9 and $144.6kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ in fingerling groups, respectively. The $Q_{10}$ values of fingerling groups were higher than those of fry groups at given temperature ranges. The $Q_{10}$ values at $4{\sim}7^{\circ}C$, $7{\sim}10^{\circ}C$, $10{\sim}13^{\circ}C$, $13{\sim}16^{\circ}C$ and $16{\sim}19^{\circ}C$ were 1.62, 1.32, 1.12, 2.07 and 1.48 in fry groups, and 2.59, 1.52, 1.67, 2.25 and 1.73 in fingerling groups, respectively.

Factors Affecting Microbial Respiration (MR) by Rapid Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) Monitoring (급속 OUR 모니터링을 이용한 Microbial Respiration (MR) 영향인자 평가)

  • Park, Se-Yong;Mo, Kyung;Kim, Youn-Kwon;Kim, Moon-Il
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.33 no.9
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    • pp.630-635
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    • 2011
  • As this study was estimation of factors of rapid OUR (Oxygen Uptake Rate) monitoring method. Experiment for estimating factors of optimal microorganism activity was carried out in this study. In addition to comparison and estimation of SCOD variation by OUR variation using real wastewaters. In consequence OUR value was highest when F/M ratio, pH and temperature were 0.03~0.05, 6.0~8.5 and $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ respectively. Oxygen consumption by nitrification was incomplete. OUR variation of SCOD was recognizable difference of degradable rate at before and after of inflection point OUR. This study used an experimental method for real time prediction of the influent of the sewage treatment plant for optimal operation is expected to be able to do.

Influence of Chilling Duration on Oxygen Consumption and Hatchability in Eggs of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori

  • Yoon, Hyung-Joo;Kim, Sam-Eun;Kim, Jong-Gill;Park, Ji-Young
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.73-76
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    • 2004
  • The rate of oxygen consumption of the silkworm eggs was measured to set up the barometer for measuring the effect of egg chilling on diapause termination. In diapause eggs, $O_2$ uptake showed a maximum of 79.2 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr, at one day after oviposition and then gradually decreased to 2.2${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr at 9days. The rates of oxygen uptake of eggs raised immediately after HCl-treatment and reached to a maximal level of 484.5 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr in 9-day-old eggs, which corresponds to 220 fold that of diapause eggs, and the hatching ability was also over 50%. In order to break diapause, eggs incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 30 days after oviposition had to be kept at least for 45 days at 5$^{\circ}C$, but chilled eggs for 90 days or longer hatched at 10 days as normal hatching periods. We also investigate periods which the value of $O_2$ uptake of eggs chilled during 15 to 120 days at 5$^{\circ}C$ reached at 200 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr. As a result of that, $O_2$ uptake of eggs chilled during 15 to 45days were not reached at 200 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr and longer the chilling durations are, the higher the rate of $O_2$ uptake is and the longer the chilling durations are, the shorter the periods up to hatching is. And also, hatch-ability increased rapidly as $O_2$ uptake reaches over 20/eggs/hr.

Microbial Activity of Gravel Intertidal Zone for Purification of Polluted Near Shore Water

  • Song, Young-Chae;Gu, Ja-Hwan;Park, In-Seok;Yoo, Jong-Su
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.233-239
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    • 2004
  • Microbial activity of biofilm formed on the surface of gravels from intertidal zone was estimated using an aerobic respirometer system, and compared with that of suspended marine microorganisms contained in a near shore water. The maximum oxygen uptake rate of the suspended marine microorganisms was 0.15mg O$_2$/L/hr, indicating the potential of purification of polluted near shore water. For the gravels from the intertidal zone, the maximum uptake rate of oxygen was affected by the vertical positions, but their gross value was 0.77mg O$_2$/L/hr, which was around 5.1 times higher than the purification potential of polluted near shore water by the microorganisms contained in the near shore water. The nitrogen removed by the gravels from the intertidal zone and the marine microorganisms was about 1/20-1/39 times of the total consumption of oxygen, which was similar to that of the phosphate. The gravel intertidal zone contained lots of particulate organics, over than that in the near shore water, and this was confirmed from the large difference between total oxygen consumption and the removed soluble COD in the microbial activity test. This indicates that the gravel intertidal zone plays an important role in controlling the non-point source pollutants from land, as well as self-purification of polluted near shore water by trapping and degrading the particulate organics.

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Microbial Activity of Gravel Intertidal Zone for Purification of Polluted Near Shore Water

  • Song, Young-Chae;Gu, Ja-Hwan;Park, In-Seok;Yoo, Jong-Su
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.155-159
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    • 2004
  • Microbial activity of biofilm formed on the surface of gravels from intertidal zone was estimated using an aerobic respirometer system, and compared with that of suspended marine microorganisms contained in a near shore water, The maximum oxygen uptake rate of the suspended marine microorganisms was 0.15mg$O_2$/L/hr, indicating the potential of purification of polluted near shore water. For the gravels from the intertidal zone, the maximum uptake rate of oxygen was affected by the vertical positions, but their gross value was 0.77mg $O_2$/L/hr, which was around 5.1 times higher than the purification potential of polluted near shore water by the microorganisms contained in the near shore water. The nitrogen removed by the gravels from the intertidal zone and the marine microorganisms was about 1/20-1/39 times of the total consumption of oxygen, which was similar to that of the phosphate. The gravel intertidal zone contained lots of particulate organics, over than that in the near shore water, and this was confirmed from the large difference between total oxygen consumption and the removed soluble COD in the microbial activity test. This indicates that the gravel intertidal zone plays an important role in controlling the non-point source pollutants from land, as well as self-purification of polluted near shore water by trapping and degrading the particulate organics.

Change of Survival, Growthand Oxygen Consumption Rate in the Juvenile Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus Exposed to Lead (Pb의 노출에 따른 넙치, paralichthys olivaceus, 치어의 생존, 성장 및 산소소비율의 변화)

  • Kim, Seong-Gil;Kim, Jae-Won;Jang, Seok-U;Kim, Sang-Gyu;Gang, Ju-Chan
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.99-104
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    • 2002
  • Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of lead exposure on survival, growth and oxygen consumption of juvenile oliver flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus for 6 weeks. Survival rate of the oliver flounder was significantly affected above 150 $\mu{g/L}$. Growth rate of the olive flounder exposed to ≥ 150 $\mu{g/L}$ of lead concentration were significantly decreased than that exposed to normal condition. Metabolic rate in the lead concentration ≥ 80 $\mu{g/L}$ was significantly reduced with increasing lead concentration then that in normal condition. This study revealed that high lead concentration (≥ 80 $\mu{g/L}$) reduced growth and metabolic rate of the juvenile olive flounder suggesting potential influence on the natural mortality of olive flounder in the coastal areas.

The Evaluation of Lidocaine-hydrochloride as Anaesthetic for the Transportation of Rhynchocypris steindachneri (버들개, Rhynchocypris steindachneri 운송을 위한 마취제 lidocaine-hydrochloride의 평가)

  • PARK In-Seok;LIM Chel Ho;CHOI Moon Sul
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.785-790
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    • 1998
  • The experimental transportation of Rhynchocypris steindachneri was carried out to study the effects of lidocaine-hydrochloride on water parameters. The dissolved oxygen, ventilation rate, ammonia nitrogen, and pH of control group, sham control group, and lidocaine-hydrochloride treated groups of 2,5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm at time of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 240 min and 360 min after elapsed from treatment were tested. During the experiment time it was found that lidocaine-hydrochloride treated groups were most effective, followed by sham control and control, in decreasing the oxygen consumption and the excretion of ammonia by the fish. There were lidocaine-hydrochloride dose-related decrease in oxygen consumption and the excretion of ammonia. Decreasing in pH value of lidocaine-hydrochloride groups and sham control group was much more higher than that of control group. These results reveal lidocaine-hydrochloride is effective as sedative for transportation mixture in R. steindachneri.

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Optimum Dumping Rate of Biodegradable Liquid Waste in Ocean Disposal (분해성 액상폐기물의 해양처리시 최적 투기율)

  • LEE Suk-Mo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.198-207
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    • 1990
  • Among the biodegradable liquid waste treatment and disposal methods, ocean dumping is a cost-effective and productive manner considering reuse point of view However, when biodegradable liquid waste is dumped in the ocean, oxygen consumption by the decomposition of organic matter must be considered. The purpose of this study is to determine the maximum allowable concentration and dumping rate in the southern waters of the East Sea based on dissolved oxygen level. Streeter and Phelps' model has been used to determine the maximum allowable concentration. Factors in this model, deoxygenation constants and reaeration coefficients, have been determined by appling oxygen consumption method and closed system model. Deoxygenation constants and reaeration coefficients from surface to each standard depth are $0.24\~0.29/day\;and\;0.03\~0.39/day$ in summer, $0.17\~0.20/day\;and\;0.04\~0.56/day$ in winter, respectively. The allowable organic matter concentration($mgBOD/\iota$) to the dissolved oxy-gen sag value of $5mg/{\iota}$ is represented $17.23\times(H)^{-0.37}$ in summer, and $64.96\times(H)^{-0.52}$ in winter by mixing depth(H, m). Csanady's experiment has been applied to estimate the optimum dumping rate. The optimum dumping rate($R,\;m^3/sec$) can be written as a product of the beam(b, m) and the draft(h, m) of vessel, and biochemical oxygen demand of waste($L_n,\;mg/{\iota}$) $R=275{\times}bh^{0.63}L_n^{-1}$ in summer $=745{\times}bh^{0.48}L_n^{-1}$ in winter. The difference of dumping rate between in summer and winter is due to the oxygen distribution.

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Compilation of Respiration Model Parameters for Designing Modified Atmosphere Package of Fresh Produce

  • An, Duck Soon;Lee, Dong Sun
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2015
  • Enzyme kinetics-based respiration model can be effectively used for estimating respiration rate in $O_2$ consumption and $CO_2$ production of fresh produce as a function of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ concentrations. Arrhenius equation can be applied to describe the temperature dependence of the respiration rate. Parameters of enzyme kinetics-based respiration model and activation energy of Arrhenius equation were compiled from analysis of literature data and closed system experiment. They enable to estimate the respiration rate for any modified atmosphere conditions at temperature of interest and thus can be used for design of modified atmosphere packaging of fresh produce.

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