• 대한화학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2004

에탄올-산소-아르곤 혼합기체의 점화 과정을 반사 충격파를 이용 1281-1625 K의 온도 범위 및 0.69-1.06 bar 압력 범위에서 고찰하였다. 점화지연시간은 급격한 압력변화와 광 방출 스펙트럼으로부터 측정하였으며, 에탄올 및 산소 기체의 농도 그리고 반응온도에 따른 점화지연시간의 의존관계를 나타내는 실험식을 구할 수 있었다. 실험결과 에탄올 점화 과정에서 연료인 에탄올의 농도가 커지면 점화지연시간이 길어지는 경향을 보였으며, 이는 메탄올 점화 과정에서 메탄올의 농도가 증가하면 점화 과정이 짧아지는 것과는 다른 경향이었다. 그리고 에탄올 점화 과정에 관하여 보다 자세히 고찰하기 위해 다양한 에탄올 연소반응 메카니즘을 이용하여 모델 연구를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.768-774
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• 2017

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzes the oxidation of aromatic compounds by hydrogen peroxide via insoluble polymer formation, which can be precipitated from the wastewater. For HRP immobilization, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) fine carrier supports were produced by using the Nano Spray Dryer B-90. Immobilized HRP was used to remove the persistent 2,4-dichlorophenol from model wastewater. Both extracted (9-16 U/g) and purified HRP (11-25 U/g) retained their activity to a high extent after crosslinking to the PLGA particles. The immobilized enzyme activity was substantially higher in both the acidic and the alkaline pH regions compared with the free enzyme. Optimally, 98% of the 2,4-dichlorophenol could be eliminated using immobilized HRP due to catalytic removal and partly to adsorption on the carrier supports. Immobilized enzyme kinetics for 2,4-dichlorophenol elimination was studied for the first time, and it could be concluded that competitive product inhibition took place.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.773-777
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• 2003

The color of Congo red hinders the spectrometric measurements of a concentration of hydrogen peroxide and enzyme activity (Horseradish peroxidase; HRP) during enzymatic decoloring of Congo red. In this study, a method was developed to measure peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide concentration in the presence of Congo red. The oxidation product of HRP/hydrogen peroxide and ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzotriazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) formed a dark green color. The spectrum of this product showed absorption bands at 420 nm and 734 nm. When compared with the Congo red spectrum, the absorption at 734 nm of this product did not overlap with Congo red, thus making the hydrogen peroxide measurement possible even in the presence of Congo red. Kinetic study of decoloring of Congo red performed by this method showed that the decoloring reaction followed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Pulse feeding of hydrogen peroxide, upon depletion, significantly increased the decoloring of Congo red. This result shows that this newly developed technique can monitor, predict, and improve the enzymatic decoloring process.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.740-748
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• 1998

The inertia friction properties of C/C composites manufactured by the processes of pressure and at-mospheric carbonizaton with a commerciallized and two kinds of modified coal-tar pitch as a matrix pre-cursor were investigated. The modifications of a pitch such as the introduction of mesophase and the ad-dition of sulphur into a raw pitch were not effective for a impregnation efficiency conducted in a vacuum and at the same time in a pressure of 5kg/cm2 due to the increase of the pitch viscosity. There was not a difference in the densification increment between the pitch modifications however it was revealed that a pressure carbonization was more advantageous than an atmospheric in the densification and the formation of anisotropic carbon matrix. The friction and wear propertis of C/C having higher degree of matrix cry-stallization higher density and hardness of friction surface showed superiority. As the braking energy was increased the friction coefficients were decreased and reached almost same level at the high kinetic energy of 99.6kJ. The wear trends at 99.6kJ were different from the behaviors of friction ceofficient under the same energy in which an oxidation wear is being considered along with a mechnical wear although the wear rates were almost similar to the friction coefficient at the low energy.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.360-364
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• 2000

유지에 존재하는 linoleic acid의 전기화학적 산화/환원으로부터 속도론적 인자를 예측하고, 시간 변화에 대한 산패 정도를 조사하였다. Linoleic acid의 전기 화학적 산화환원 반응은 비가역적이고, 확산지배적으로 진행됨을 알 수 있고, 주사속도에 따른 결과로부터 확산계수 $D_{o}$ 는 2.61$\times$$10^{-6}$이고, 속도상수 $K^{o}$ 는 9.79$\times$$10^{-11}$로 주어짐을 예측하였다. 또한 linoleic acid의 산화반응 영역과 환원반응 영역에서 작업전극의 선택도가 달라짐을 볼 수 있다. 대기중 방치시간에 따른 시험 결과 방치한 지 4일을 전후로 산화 peak가 최대값으로 주어졌다. 특정 Peak에서 일정전위 전기분해 한 후 전기분해 생성물을 분석한 결과 carbonyl group이 생성됨을 예측할 수 있었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2002

내경 2.8cm, 높이 65cm의 반응관을 이용하여 1000∼1400 K에서 산소-질소 혼합 가스류 중을 낙하하는 동정광 입자의 1차원 비등온 산화반응의 초기거동에 대하여 검토하였다. 동 정광은 반응관을 낙하하면서 매우 빠르게 산화 용융되었다. 입자 온도는 미 반응핵 모델과 가스-입자간의 물질전달 및 가스-입자-관벽 사이의 열전달을 조합하여 계산하였다. 계산에 의한 입자 온도는 반응관 상단에서 20∼30cm의 위치에서 최고온도에 도달하였으며, 고 산소분압에서는 약 1700 K에 도달하였다. 산소분압이 0.2 atm 이상인 경우 대부분의 입자는 용융되었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.672-676
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• 1993

DMF 용액 중에서 zinc(II) 이온과 copper(II) 이온의 bilirubin과의 착물형성 여부를 조사하고 Zn(II)-bilirubin(이하 Zn(II)-BR로 줄임) 착물의 전기화학적 성질을 여러가지 전기화학적인 방법으로 조사하였다. Zn(II)는 DMF 용액 중에서 bilirubin과 착물을 형성하였으나, Cu(II)는 bilirubin과 착물을 형성하지 않고 오히려 bilirubin의 산화를 촉진시켰다. Zn-BR 착물은 3단계의 환원과정을 거치며, 제1파와 제2파의 환원전류는 반응성 전류가 약간 포함된 환산전류이었으며, 제3파의 환원전류는 확산지배적인 전류이었다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2008

Oxidized activated carbons were prepared by reacting steam-activated carbon developed from pecan shells with nitric acid of varying strength (15, 30, 45 and 60%). The textural properties and the chemistry of the surface of the non-oxidized and of the oxidized carbons were determined from nitrogen adsorption and base neutralization capacities. The uptake of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution by these carbons was determined by kinetic and equilibrium experiments as well as by the column method. Treatment with nitric acid brought about drastic decrease in surface area and remarkable increase in the pore size of the carbon with these changes depending on the strength of nitric acid. Nitric acid increased the surface acidity by developing new surface oxygen functional groups of acidic nature. $HNO_3$-oxidized carbons exhibited high adsorption capacities for Pb(II) and Cd(II). The adsorption of these ions increased with the decrease of the surface pH of the carbon and with the increase of the solution pH from 2.5 to 6 and 7. The amount adsorbed from lead and cadmium was also related to the amount of surface acidity, the pH of the point of zero charge and on some metal ion parameters. Cadmium and lead uptake by the investigated carbons followed pseudo-second order model and the equilibrium sorption data fitted Langmuir adsorption model.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1993

Volatilization of toxic heavy metals, especially, metal chlorides at elevated temperatures in oxidation conditions was observed using a thermogravimetric furnace since such metal chlorides used to be a cause for the disease of industrial workers by their toxicity and high volatile extent. Most of tested metal chloride compounds were evaporated or decomposed into gas phase at elevated temperatures ranged from 200~90$0^{\circ}C$, while CrCl$_3$ and NiC1$_2$became stable with converting into oxide forms. A kinetic model for evaporation/condensation could predict maximum evaporation flux and the calculated values were compared with real evaporation flux. The ratio of two fluxes could be explained as the fraction of impinging gas molecules to the condensing surface( $\alpha$ ) and obtained in the range of 10$^{-3}$ ~10$^{-9}$ for the experimented toxic heavy metal chlorides. This ratio might be used to define the volatile extent or toxicity of such toxic metal compounds. The schemes to avoid volatilization of toxic heavy metals Into the atmosphere were suggested as follows ; 1 ) controlling the compositions of metals and Chlorine produced substances( such as PVC ) in the treated materials using a reverse estimation from regulatory limit and characteristics of a processing facility, 2) Installation of wet type devices such as a scrubber for condensing the metal compounds.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.112-119
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• 1997

The modelling of carbon substances obtaining, for instance, carbon fibers which have high fire resistance, has been realized on the example of the polyacrylonitrile pyrolysis modelling. The pyrolysis is considered as a double step process when the formation of a liquid phase and the oxidation of substance are excluded. Three main reactions are considered: a) with the evolution of ammonia; b) with the evolution of hydrogen cyanide; c) with the evolution of hydrogen. Reactions b) and c) are sequential, and a) and b) are parallel. The problem is formulated as one-dimensional. The equations of energy, masses or concentrations, porosity and thermal conductivity are proposed. The mathematical model of the carbonization process is designed using tile kinetic characteristics of the above reactions and the thermodynamic parameters of reagents and products in these reactions. The equations received are calculated by Runge-Cutta method and by Adams method of the fourth order accuracy.