• 공학논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1997

문경탄전 남서부의 점촌화강암체는 평안누층군의 지층을 관입하고 있으며 대동누층군의 퇴적암체에 의해 비정합으로 피복되어 있다. 이는 점촌화강암체 관입시기의 추정연대 하한이 평안누층군의 퇴적이후인 페름기말, 상한은 대동누층군의 퇴적이 시작되기 전인 트라이아스기 초로 매우 짧은 기간의 연대추정을 가능하게 한다. 문경지역 남서부에서 관찰되는 드러스트는 일부에서 점촌화강암체에 의해 관입되고 있으며 일부에서는 대동누층군 암체를 평안누층군 암체 상부로 올려놓고 있어서 적어도 2회의 조구조 운동에 의해 형성되었다고 해석된다. 첫 번째의 드러스트 운동은 평안누층군 퇴적암체의 퇴적이 완료된후 점촌화강암의 관입이 일어나기 이전인 페름기말과 트라이아스기 초 사이에서 발생하였으며 두번째의 트러스트 운동은 대동누층군 암상의 퇴적이 완료된 쥬라기 초기 이후로 해석된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.389-398
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• 2014

Siah acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that binds proteins destined for degradation. Extensive homology between siah and Drosophila Siah homologue (sina) suggests their important physiological roles during embryonic development. However, detailed functional studies of Siah in vertebrate development have not been carried out. Here we report that Siah2 specifically augments nodal related gene expression in marginal blastomeres at late blastula through early gastrula stages of zebrafish embryos. Siah2 dependent Nodal signaling augmentation is confirmed by cell-based reporter gene assays using 293T cells and 3TP-luciferase reporter plasmid. We also established a molecular hierarchy of Siah as a upstream regulator of FoxH1/Fast1 transcriptional factor in Nodal signaling. Elevated expression of nodal related genes by overexpression of Siah2 was enough to override the inhibitory effects of atv and lft2 on the Nodal signaling. In particular, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of Siah2 is critical to limit the duration and/or magnitude of Nodal signaling. Additionally, since the embryos injected with Siah morpholinos mimicked the atv overexpression phenotype at least in part, our data support a model in which Siah is involved in mesendoderm patterning via modulating Nodal signaling.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.85-91
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• 1997

Air grinding time in grinding process has a great effect on its efficiency due to low feedrate. This paper presents a reduction methos of air grinding time in cylindrical plunge grinding operation. Tje reduction of air grinding time is accomplished by finding the distance between contact point and rising point of ultra- sonic signal of the grinding wheel to workpiece. It uses a variation of sound signal generated by the flow of coolant when the grinding wheel approaches to workpiece. The ultrasonic sensor with 23 kHz center fre- quency and 8 kHz bandwidth is used to find the nearest approaching point(NAP). Monitoring and control system of the grinding conditions is implemented with CNC controller to control feedrate override and ultrasonic sensor to find NAP. The experimental result shows that the ultrasonic signal is a good measure- ment to find NAP. But it needs the considerations for the effect of the relationship between flowrate of coolant and diameter of workpiece.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2007

Based on the broad and in-depth literature review, the dedicated members of the committee for the development of Korean attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) practice parameter develop the Korean practice parameter for ADHD. Members of the Korean Academy of child and Adolescent Psychiatry (KACAP) had reviewed the drafts through off-line and on-line access to the drafts. Feedbacks from the members of KACAP were carefully integrated into the current practice parameter. This article presents the state of the art knowledge regarding the assessment and the management of ADHD. Recommendations in the end of the practice parameter may help clinician to make decisions in clinical practice, but are not likely to override the clinician's decision in natural settings. Future directions to complement the limitation of the current practice parameter is suggested.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.515-519
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• 1999

With the purpose of determining the influence of sexual partners on the oestrous behaviour and to evaluate the accuracy of predicting the time from implant withdrawal to sexual receptivity following a treatment with Synchromate B (SMB), 15 adult Brahman cows were used in each of three phases. During phase I and n, random pairs of animals were induced to display oestrus one pair after the other at daily intervals, while in phase III, cows were induced alternately, every other day, one cow on the 1st day, two on the 3rd, one on the 5th, two on the 7th until all cows were treated. Sixty six percent of the cows in phases I and II, and 80% in phase III came into oestrous after treatment. The interval between implant withdrawal and, expected and observed oestrous was statistically different in all phases. Clustering of oestrous was evident. Cows displayed sexual receptivity within a. range of -24 to +96; -24 to +72 and -216 to +192 hours after implant withdrawal for the three phases, respectively, with a tendency for cows treated first (within treatments), to delay their oestrus signs and vice versa. In phase III, four cows showed oestrous behaviour with the implant in place. These in spite of not observing pre-ovulatory follicles. Correlation values of 0.99, 0.93 and 0.90 (P<0.05) were found respectively among treatments, between the number of cows coming into oestrus and the number of mounts observed. These findings suggest that there are social and behavioural factors in a herd that may override exogenous synchronisation treatments.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2015

Environment-friendly growth enhancers for rice are being promoted to reverse the negative impact of intensive chemical-based and conventional rice farming on yield sustainability and environmental problems. Several rhizosphere microorganisms and pyroligneous acids (PA) had demonstrated beneficial influence on growth, yield and grain quality of rice. Since most of the previous study had evaluated the effect of PGPR and PA on paddy rice singly, the effect of combined application of these on the growth and yield of paddy rice and on some soil chemical properties were determined. A four factorial pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of PGPR, PA in combination with fertilizers and on different soil types. There were 54 treatment combinations including the control with three replications under complete randomized design. Plant growth parameters were evaluated using standard procedures during tillering and heading stages. Rice yield and some soil chemical properties were determined at harvest. Results showed that inoculation of Bacillus licheniformis and Fusarium fujikuroi enhanced plant growth by increasing the plant height which could be ascribe to its ability to promote IAA and GA production in plants. Inoculation of Rhizobium phaseoli enhanced chlorophyll content indicative to its ability to improve the N nutrition. However, these plant growth benefits during the vegetative stage were override by the fertilizer application effect especially during the maturity stage and grain yield. High fertilization rates on coarse-textured soil without nutrient loss resulted to high available nutrients and consequently high yield. Wood vinegar application however improved nutrient availability in soil which could be beneficial for improving soil quality. Further evaluation is necessary to fully assess the potential benefits that could be derived from inoculation of these organisms and wood vinegar application in different soil environment especially under different field conditions.

• 인지과학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.241-261
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 만 5-6세 아동들의 타인-타인 또는 자신-타인 간 자원 분배 결정에 수혜자의 소속집단(내집단 대 외집단)이 영향을 미치는지를 검증하였다. 실험 1에서는 아동이 자원 분배의 수혜자가 되지 않고 친구(내집단)와 낯선 아동(외집단)에게 스티커를 나누어주는 분배자의 역할만을 수행한 게임을 진행하였다. 이 때 아동은 낯선 아동보다 친구에게 더 많은 스티커를 나누어주었고, 이는 아동 자신이 분배의 이해 당사자가 아닌 경우에는 내집단에게 더 호의적으로 분배를 한다는 것을 보여주었다. 실험 2에서 아동은 상대방이 친구 혹은 낯선 아동인 상황에서 자기 자신과 상대방에게 스티커 10개를 분배하는 게임에 참여하였다. 이러한 자기-타인 분배 상황에서 아동들은 상대방이 내집단 또는 외집단 구성원인지에 관계없이 이기적인 분배를 하는 양상을 보였다. 이는 자기 자신이 자원 분배의 당사자가 되었을 경우에는 내집단을 선호하는 경향성을 나타내지 않았음을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 기존 성인 연구에서 관찰되어온 자원 분배 행동에서의 내집단 편향의 발달 과정에 대한 추가 자료를 제공한다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.730-741
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• 2005

층위 구조 아키텍처는 프로그램을 일반성에 따라 분할하는 모듈 구성의 방법이다. 본 논문은 객체지향 프로그램으로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하고 아키텍처 문서와의 일치성을 검사하는 방법을 제시한다. 객체지향 프로그램에서의 층위구조 스타일 규칙을 기술하기 위해, 모듈 간 사용 관계에 기반한 모듈들의 부분 순서 집합을 구성하며, 재정의 관계를 통해 모듈 간 층위 관계를 정의한다. 또한, 층위 관계의 의미를 설계 패턴에서의 예를 통해 설명한다. 프로그램으로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하기 위한 절차를 기술하며, 복구를 위한 메타 모델을 제시한다. 이를 기반으로 공개 소스 프로젝트를 통해 개발된 소프트웨어의 소스코드들로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하고, 복구된 아키텍처로부터 발견된 층위 관계의 의미와 아키텍처 문서와의 불일치 부분들에 대해 논의한다. 검사를 통해 아키텍처 문서와 일치하지 않는 부분들이 발견하였고, 이를 조사한 결과 이들이 층위 구조 아키텍처에서 허용 가능한 예외로 여겨지지만 아키텍트가 이들 부분에 대한 변경을 주의 깊게 관리할 필요가 있다는 것을 지적하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2019

Purpose: Online magnetic resonance-guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART), an emerging technique, is used to address the change in anatomical structures, such as treatment target region, during the treatment period. However, the electron density map used for dose calculation differs from that for daily treatment, owing to the variation in organ location and, notably, air pockets. In this study, we evaluate the dosimetric effect of electron density override on air pockets during online ART for pancreatic cancer cases. Methods: Five pancreatic cancer patients, who were treated with MRgART at the Seoul National University Hospital, were enrolled in the study. Intensity modulated radiation therapy plans were generated for each patient with 60Co beams on a ViewrayTM system, with a 45 Gy prescription dose for stereotactic body radiation therapy. During the treatment, the electron density map was modified based on the daily MR image. We recalculated the dose distribution on the plan, and the dosimetric parameters were obtained from the dose volume histograms of the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk. Results: The average dose difference in the PTV was 0.86Gy, and the observed difference at the maximum dose was up to 2.07 Gy. The variation in air pockets during treatment resulted in an under- or overdose in the PTV. Conclusions: We recommend the re-contouring of the air pockets to deliver an accurate radiation dose to the target in MRgART, even though it is a time-consuming method.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.250-258
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 각 운동축들(자유도 또는 부시스템)간의 상호연관성에도 불구하고 자기부상식 미세구동기가 주어진 경로를 가능한 정밀하게 추종하도록 하는 비집중 적응제어기 설계가 제시되었다. 본 제어기는 알고있는 부시스템을 기반으로 하는 모델기준제어와 국부적응제어로 구성된다. 전자는 매니퓰레이터의 운동을 안정화시켜 기준모델을 따라가도록 하고, 후자는 간섭작용을 무기력화시키는 수준만큼 국부이득을 조정하여 전체시스템의 안정을 도모하고 연관성에 의해 유발되는 추정오차를 줄여준다. 실험결과를 통하여 제시된 기법이 기존의 PID제어기에 비해 추종성능과 외란제거 능력면에서 우수함을 보였다.