• 복식문화연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.159-175
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• 1997

The purpose of the study is to analyze the pattern of human developmental growth with empirical anthropometric data for the establishment of the sizing system of junior high school student\`s uniforms. The sample size was 881 boys and 762 girls between age 12 and 14. An anthropometric database used for this study was the 1992 national anthropometric survey of Korea. The result obtained are as follows ; 1. Several items of anthropometric data on junior high school students students showed significant differences in accordance with age and sex. In the meantime, there was no difference on the item of height under the age of 12 between sex, however, significant difference on that age of 13 or over. The hip girth was the biggest growth rate among tyhe item of girth. The somatotype of boys is straight, while girls\` shows a curved line. The bodytype of girls shows slim waist, fat belly and hip girth. 2. The result of factor analysis indicated that the first factor was composed with girth, depth and width-measures, and the second factor of height, length-measures. The third factors were consisted of items of representing bodytype of trunk, and the fourth, bodytype of lower part of trunk. 3. The result of cluster analysis indicated that boys were sybdivided into 3 types and girls 4 types.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2004

Use of electric pulp testing elicits painful response in vital teeth. In this study, we examined the excessive time from pain feeling to stimulation disconnection in clinical situation. D626D (Parkell Inc., USA.) scan type electric pulp tester was used in total of 23 young healthy individuals. Each of the right central incisors and first premolars were used as testing teeth. Stimulation disconnection was achieved by EMG in anterior belly of digastric muscle, finger span, and voice and the excessive stimulation time over the sensory thresh-old was recorded. As a result, we found that the short responses before the stimulation disconnection appeared following order：EMG, finger span, and voice. The EMG disconnection is suggested to be used to reduce the excessive stimulus time in electric pulp testing.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.353-364
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• 2022

The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of increasing the slaughter weight (SW) of non-lean finishing pigs to improve their meat quality. A total of 36 (Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc gilts and barrows were slaughtered at 115 (Av), 125 (Hi), or 135 (XHi) kg, followed by physicochemical analyses and sensory evaluation on their longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semimembranosus (SM) muscles. Backfat thickness was greater (p < 0.05) for the XHi (31.2 mm) and Hi (29.3 mm) groups than for Av (25.0 mm). Dressing percentage and yield of the belly per whole carcass were also slightly greater for XHi and Hi vs. Av. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content of SM was greater for XHi (2.64%) than for Av (1.83%) and Hi (2.04%) and also was correlated with SW (r = 0.55). The pH value, lightness, redness, drip loss, shear force, and moisture and protein contents of LD and SM, as well as IMF content of LD, were unaffected by SW. Percentages of 14:0, 16:0, and total saturated fatty acids (FA) were less for Hi and XHi vs. Av in SM, those of total unsaturated FA, 18:2, 20:4, and n-6 being opposite; FA composition of LM was not influenced by SW except for a reduced 18:0 percentage for XHi vs. Av. The sensory score was less for XHi vs. Av for odor in fresh LD and SM, and less for Hi and XHi vs. Av for aroma in fresh LM; scores for color, drip loss, marbling, and acceptability were unaffected by SW. As for cooked muscles, none of the scores for color, aroma, flavor, juiciness, tenderness, and acceptability was affected by SW, except for a greater LD color score for Hi and XHi vs. Av. Collectively, the results suggested that the increased yield of the carcass and belly due to increased SW is outbalanced negatively by excessive backfat deposition in production efficiency, whereas the SW increase exerts little influence on overall sensory quality of fresh or cooked meat. Production of non-lean market pigs overweighing 115 kg therefore will be uneconomical unless consumers pay a substantial premium for the over-fattened pork.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1991

정상대조군 20 hands와 수근관증후군환자 40 hands를 대상으로 각 1분, 2분, 5분간 수근관절굴곡 후의 신경전도속도의 변화를 측정하여 수근관증후군의 진단에 도움을 줄 수 있는지를 알아보고자 운동신경은 belly-tendon방법을, 감각신경은 역방향전도검사법을 각각 이용하여 wrist to finger segment에서 수근관절굴곡 전후의 정중신경의 SNCV와 MNDL을 측정하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 대조군에서 수근관절굴곡 후의 신경전도속도의 변화가 있었던 경우는 감각신경에서 2 hands, 운동신경에 1 hands였으며 환자군에서는 감각신경에서 3 hands, 운동신경에서 2 hands였다. 그리고 1분, 2분 및 5분간 수근관절굴곡 후의 SNCV와 MNDL의 평균과 표준편차를 구해본 결과 대조군과 환자군에서 모두 유의한 변화가 없었다. Phlaen's wrist flexion검사에서 대조군은 5%에서 양성이었으며 환자군에서는 60%에서 양성이었다. Tinel징후는 대조군에서는 10%에서 양성이었으며 환자군에서는 33%에서 양성이었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.213-238
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate protein consumption market trends in Korea. Protein consumption was divided according to the protein source into meat, fishery, and plant-based protein. To accomplish the goal of this study, food purchase data from 525 households panels collected by the Rural Development Administration over the last 10 years were used. The results of the study showed an increase or decrease in protein consumption by protein type over the last 10 years, and a reason to explain this change has been suggested. Specifically, this study found a dramatic increase in the consumption of several proteins, including beef sirloin, beef tenderloin, seasoned beef & steak, pork belly, pork shoulder, pork neck, seasoned pork, pork cutlet, sweet and sour pork, canned ham, chicken drumstick, chicken breast, dak gangjeong, Chinese fried chili chicken, salmon, eel, abalone, squid, octopus, webfoot octopus, octopus minor, canned whelk, tofu, cold bean soup,and plant-based milk. Some items showed no increase in consumption (such as beef jerky, pork rib, sausage, bacon, whole raw chicken, cutlass fish, oyster, fish cake, crab stick, surimi sausage,and canned fishery), whereas a few items showed decreased consumption (e.g., mackerel, pollack, cod,and canned tuna)

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1991

동일포장에서 동일시비조건으로 무비구, PK구, NK구, NP구, NPK구, NPK+웅비구, NPK+생고구, NPK+석탄구를 20년간 연용하였을 때 토괴의 이화학적 성질변화, 수도의 생육, 수량구성요소, 수량 및 미입발달에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 토양의 화학적 성분은 3 요업 무처리 시용구에서 성분간 함유율이 낮았으며, 3요소+웅비, 생고시용구에서 유기물, 유효인산, CEC가 높았다. 석회시용구는 토양산도 및 SiO$_2$가 증가되었다. 2. 토양의 공극율은 3요소구에서 49.8% 인데 비하여 3요소+웅비, 생고구에서는 51.4～53.1 % 였다. 토양경도는 3요소구가 가장 높은 반면 3요소+석회구가 가장 낮았다. 입단구조는 3요소구가 7.1%인데 비하여 3요소+생고구가 19.6%로 가장 잘 발달되었다. 3. 생육상황은 유기물 시용구에서 초장, rud수, 근수, LAI, TDW는 높았지만 3요소 무처리구에서는 공히 낮았다. CGR은 영화분화기 때에 전처리간에 생산량이 가장 많았으며 3요소+웅비, 3요소+생고, 무칼륨구가 가장 높았지만 3요소, 3요소+석회, 무인산구는 출수기에 무비, 무실소구는 성숙기에 각각 가장 높으면서 전생육기간동안 증가하는 경향이였다. 그러나 3요소+웅비, 생고구가 영화분화기 때부터 CGR의 증가율이 빨리 감소하는 경향이었다. 4. 현미수량에서 20년간의 수량평균치는 무비, 무실소 45～55%, 무인산 15%, 무칼륨 5%의 수량감소를 나타내었지만 3요소+웅비 11 %, 3요소+생고 14 %의 증수를 나타내었다. 1988년간의 수량과 비교해 보면 20년간 평균치보다 3요소구에서 36%의 증수를 나타내었다. 5. 이삭의 일, 이차지경의 분화수는 3요소+웅비, 생고, 석회처리구에서 17～21개로 많이 분화되었지만 3요소 무처리구에서는 13～15개로 낮았으며 퇴화지경수는 반대로 3요소+웅비, 생고, 석회처리구가 적었다. 6. 입중분포에 있어서 비중 1.15 이상의 미립 분포비율은 무비, 무실소, 3요소+웅비, 3요소+석회구가 60%정도 높았지만 무인산, 3요소+생고구는 약 45%로 낮았다. 7. 미립형태에서 완전미 비율과 입중분포는 밀접한 관계이며 완전미 비율이 높은 무비, 3요소+웅비, 생고, 석회구는 입중이 무겁고 반대로 심백미, 복백미 등이 적었으며 무칼륨구에서 심/복백 정도가 5/3으로 가장 높았다. 특히 동할미는 무인산, 무칼륨구에서 현저히 높았다. 8. 등숙속도에서 완전등숙율은 무칼륨 3요소구에서 30 DAH, 무인산 3요소+석회구에서 35 DAH, 3요소+웅비, 생고구에서 40 DAH, 무비구에서 45 DAH로 동화산물의 전류축적이 빨랐는데 이는 등숙속도가 빠를수록 미립형태에서 심백미, 복백미, 동할미가 많아졌다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

This study was conducted to find the effects of scapular taping on muscle activities of the scapular rotators and upper trapezius pain in subjects with upper trapezius pain. Fifteen male subjects were recruited from Yonsei University for this study. Muscle activity of upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior was measured using surface electromyography. Visual analog scale was used for measuring upper trapezius pain. The subjects were asked to maintain $90^{\circ}$ shoulder flexion position with holding a 1 kg dumbbell in standing position. Scapular taping was applied over the muscle belly of the upper trapezius and attached parallel with the lower trapezius muscle fibers. For normalization, % maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) was conducted. Paired t-test was applied to compare the muscle activities of scapular rotator and upper trapezius pain before and after applying the scapular taping. The muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle and serratus anterior decreased significantly after tape application (p<.05). However, no significant difference was observed in lower trapezius muscle. The level of pain in the upper trapezius muscle significantly decreased after tape application (p<.05). The results of this study suggest that scapular taping can be used an additional therapy for reducing muscle activity of upper trapezius, serratus anterior and upper trapezius pain during shoulder flexion in patient with upper trapezius pain.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.590-600
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• 2005

The present report has been aimed at reviewing important factors which need to be closely analyzed or considered when increasing the market weight of finishing pigs. The pig market weight has increased worldwide during the past few decades, which is attributable primarily to an increased lean gain potential of finishing pigs. To increase the market weight, however, the acceptability of larger pigs by the packer as well as pork consumers should be met first. By increasing the market weight, total number of breeding stock, as well as the facility for them, necessary for producing a given weight of pork can be reduced, whereas more building space for finishing pigs and an additional nutrition program for the later finishing period are needed. Additionally, a more thorough disease prevention program especially against ileitis and mycoplasma pneumonia may also be needed, because outbreaks of these are known to increase with increasing body weight over 110 kg. Some larger finishing pigs may deposit excessive fat that may be reduced or prevented by using hormonal and/or nutritional agents. Backfat thickness increases linearly with increasing body weight between 110 and 130 kg, whereas intramuscular fat content does not change significantly. With increasing live weight within this range, the ratios of belly and loin to carcass weight also are known to increase. Some physicochemical characteristics related to fresh and cooked meat quality including color, firmness, juiciness, etc. are known to be unaffected or slightly changed following an increase of slaughter weight. In conclusion, ratios of primal cuts and pork quality characteristics are not significantly affected by increasing the market weight. Moreover, increasing the market weight of lean-type pigs approximately up to 130 kg is normally profitable to producers, as long as packers and consumers accept larger pigs.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.511-518
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the degree of practice of dietary behavior and dining out in accordance with intake of sodium among male and female adults aged 20 years or older residing in the Seoul Metropolitan area or Chungcheong Province. A total of 530 copies of the questionnaire were distributed from May to July, 2014. The SH group who responded that they eat a lot of sodium constituted 30.6% (158 people), followed by the SM group who responded that their sodium intake is about average at 55.7% (288 people) and the SL group who answered that they do not eat much sodium at 13.7% (71 people). Those in the SL group showed positive results for dietary behavior patterns. The SL group showed the lowest rate in terms of how often they eat harmful foods, including processed foods, sweet foods, salty foods, or food with high animal fat content such as pork belly. Positive results among the SL group were prominent in terms of avoiding over-drinking, regular exercise, and nutritional knowledge, indicating greater health management. The distribution of each group in terms of self-perceived sodium intake showed significant differences across age, gender, and household income in terms of frequency of fast food intake, regularity of meals, purchase of foods with consideration of sodium amount, frequency of missed meals, balance of food intake, and health management habits.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.3293-3300
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• 2013

우리나라는 날씬하고 마른 체형을 선호하며 정상이나 저체중에도 체중조절이 일반화 되어 일상에 만연된 외모중시 풍조가 젊은 여성들 사이에 유행처럼 퍼져나가는 사회적분위기로 번지면서 지나친 다이어트로 인하여 건강에 문제를 초래하고 있다. 이 연구는 보건계열과 비보건계열의 대학생들을 대상으로 체질량지수(BMI)에 따라 3군으로 분류하고 각 군들의 신체 이형장애와의 관련성 그리고 우울과의 영향을 미치는 여러 요인들이 무엇인지 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 2012년 9월10일부터 21일 까지 강원 소재한 K대학교 보건계열 200명 비보건계열 200명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문을 하여 총 319부를 자료분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구의 수집된 자료는 SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 여학생들의 BMI에 따라 신체 불만 부위는 하체 전부에 대해서는 과체중인 여학생일수록 불만족하였으며(${\chi}^2$=6.97, p<.05), 허리-배에 대해서는 정상체중인 여학생이 가장 불만족하였고, 저체중인 여학생은 다른 여학생보다 덜 불만족하였으며, 통계적으로도 유의미한 차이를 보였다(${\chi}^2$=8.12, p<.05). 가슴(${\chi}^2$=8.45, p<.05)과 유방(${\chi}^2$=6.44, p<.05)에 대해서는 저체중인 여학생일수록 불만족하였으며, BMI에 따라 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 여학생들의 BMI에 따라 신체 불만 부위에 대해 살펴본 결과, 과체중인 여학생일수록 하체 전부와 몸 전체에 대해 불만족하였으며, 정상체중인 여학생은 다른 여학생보다 허리-배에 대해 불만족하였고, 저체중인 여학생일수록 가슴과 유방에 대해 불만족하였다. 그러나, BMI에 따라 신체 불만 부위 변화를 위해 시도해보고 싶어 하는 방법의 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 이런 신체이형장애는 우울증과 연관되기 쉽고 사회 문화적인 문제를 야기시킬 수 있기 때문에 상담 프로그램의 개발과 추가 연구를 진행하는 것이 필요하다고 생각된다.