• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.369-380
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• 2018

In this research work, nonlinear thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded (FG) plates is explored based a new higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The present model has just four unknowns, by using a new supposition of the displacement field which enforces undetermined integral variables. A shear correction factor is, thus, not necessary. A power law distribution is employed to express the disparity of volume fraction of material distributions. Three kinds of thermal loading, namely, uniform, linear, and nonlinear and temperature rises over z-axis direction are examined. The non-linear governing equations are resolved for plates subjected to simply supported boundary conditions at the edges. The results are approved with those existing in the literature. Impacts of various parameters such as aspect and thickness ratios, gradient index, type of thermal load rising, on the non-dimensional thermal buckling load are all examined.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2021

At launch, satellites are exposed to various types of structural loads, such as quasi-static loads, sinusoidal vibrations, acoustic/random vibrations, and shocks. The launch environment test is aimed at verifying the structural stability of the test object against the launch environment. Various types of launch environments are simulated by simple vibration, acoustic, and shock tests considering possible test conditions in ground. However, the difference between the launch environment and the test environment is one of the causes of excessive testing. To prevent overtesting, a notching technique that adjusts the frequency range and the input load considering the design load is applied. For notching, specific procedures are established considering the satellite development concept, selected launch vehicle, higher system requirements, and test target level. In this study, the notching method, established procedure, and development of a notching toolkit for efficient testing are described.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2021

In this paper, a 20W class multi-output QR flyback converter for auxiliary power supply was designed to stabilize 4 output voltages, and the efficiency and load characteristics were compared and analyzed. It was checked if each output affects other output characteristics through experiment. As a result, the experimental circuit reached a high efficiency of 82.5% or more at a load power of over 20W, and the maximum power loss was 2.6W. Consequently, it was confirmed that all of 4 output voltages of the multi-output QR flyback converter constructed in this paper were stabilized within 0.5% in full-load range, and each output was independently controlled in an electrically isolated state.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.65-65
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• 2000

For Video on Demand(VoD) servers, a design of an efficient scheduler is important to the support a large number of clients having various playback speeds and receiving rates. In this paper, we propose the scheduling algorithm to handle establishing deadlines and selection using the earliest deadline first. To establish deadlines and selections, the period of the receiving rates for each client is located between the over-max receiving rate and the over-playback rate. To avoid video starvation and the buffer overflow of each client, the proposed algorithm guarantees providing the admission control. Because of establishing deadlines and selection, period of each client receiving is between one over max receiving rate and one over play back rate. Using Virtual Buffer in server, scheduling load is reduced. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is verified using a Petri Net_Based simulation tool, Exspect.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2006

1990년대 이후로 양방향 재하시험(Bi-directional pile load test)은 기존 재하시험 방법에 대한 장점으로 인해 최근 여러 나라에서 그 사용이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 양방향재하시험은 두부재하시험과 상이한 재하기구를 따르므로 실제 구조물의 거동, 특히 말뚝 두부에서의 하중-변위 거동에 있어 실제와 다른 결과를 줄 우려가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 동일한 형상과 지반조건을 갖는 두 본의 말뚝에 대해 한 본은 두부재하 방식으로, 한 본은 선단부 양방향 재하방식으로 정재하시험을 수행하였으며, 이 때 말뚝 깊이별로 변형률계를 부착하여 말뚝의 하중-전이 기구를 분석하였다. 변형률계 분석으로 구한 말뚝의 깊이별 하중 전이 함수의 모양은 시험방법에 따른 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 양방향 재하시험을 이용하여 기존의 방법으로 추정한 말뚝두부 변위는 두부재하시험으로 구한 변위에 비해 사용하중하에서 1/2 미만인 것으로 나타났다. 양방향 재하시험 결과를 이용하여 보다 정확한 하중-변위곡선을 예측하기 위해 말뚝의 탄성압축량을 고려하는 간단한 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 양방향 재하시험시 변형률계 계측자료를 이용하여 두부재하시험 곡선과 거의 동일한 하중-변위 곡선을 예측할 수 있었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.595-607
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• 2004

현재 네트워크에서는 호스트가 다중의 액세스 포인트를 통해 인터넷에 접속될 수 있는 경우를 빈번하게 발견할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 하나의 사용자 플로우가 사용할 수 있는 가용대역폭을 높이기 위해 이들 다중 인터페이스로의 경로에 효율적으로 부하를 분산하는 방안을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 멀티호밍을 지원하는 새로운 연결기반 전송 계층 프로토콜 표준인 SCTP(Stream Control Transmission protocol)가 다중 인터페이스로 부하를 분산하도록 확장하였고, 이를 LS(Load Sharing) 모드 서비스라 명명하였다. LS 모드 서비스는 흐름 제어와 흔잡 제어를 분리하였으며, 혼잡 윈도우에 비례하여 각 인터페이스 경로에 데이타를 분배한다. 또한, 특정 경로에서의 손실이 다른 경로에 미치는 영향을 최소화하기 위해 중복적인 패킷 재전송을 하도록 하였으며, SACK이 순서대로 도착하지 않는 경우에도 수신자 윈도우를 제대로 파악할 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다. 이로 인해 LS 모드 서비스는 다중 인터페이스를 사용함으로 인해 발생하는 부작용을 최소화하는 동시에 가용대역폭 향상을 위한 효율적인 부하 분산을 한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안하는 방안이 경로 간 대역폭 차이에 관계없이 두 경로에서 가용한 대역폭의 합에 가까운 작업량을 달성함을 볼 수 있었다 또한 지연이 투 배까지 되는 경로를 사용할 때에도 단일 경로 사용에 비해 20%의 성능향상을 가져올 수 있음을 보았다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.2158-2164
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• 2015

u-GIS 환경에서는 실시간으로 유입되는 공간 데이터 스트림으로 인해 발생되는 부하를 제한하기 위한 연구가 계속되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 비공간 데이터 기반의 부하 제한 기법은 공간 데이터의 특성을 고려하지 않아 공간 질의 처리의 정확도를 감소시킨다. 또한, 공간 데이터 기반의 부하 제한 기법도 공간 데이터 스트림의 입력 빈도 변화와 공간 데이터의 밀집도를 반영하지 않아 질의 처리 정확도와 질의 처리 성능이 저하되는 문제가 존재한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 u-GIS 환경에서 부하 발생 빈도를 최소화하고 연속 질의 처리 성능과 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 공간 데이터의 밀집도와 공간데이터스트림의 입력 변화량을 이용하여 동적으로 부하를 제한하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법에서는 부하제한 요구시 공간 이용도에 따라 질의에 참여할 확률이 낮은 데이터를 샘플링함으로써 연속 질의 처리 결과의 정확도와 질의 처리 속도를 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.166-171
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• 2008

We cannot imagine any more the environment and energy problems are separated from our lives. The various attempts to solve these problems are made all over the world. In this study it was performed to analyze a different heating and cooling load depending on the earth-sheltering method and kind of soils by using TRNSYS 16 as the first step to establish the design guidelines for earth-sheltered architecture, one of the eco-friendly and low energy consuming building types. After performing this simulation, we found the result like this. It is the most lowest load in case of all of walls and roof being earth-sheltered. But considering of the load reduction rate, the effect of earth-sheltering the exterior vertical wall is more efficient for load reduction than the one of earth-sheltering a roof. And we got a lower thermal load in case of a lower heat conductivity of soil. Afterwards we will conduct a further study for boundary condition at earth-sheltered surface and the simulation analysis about the sensitivity variables. The final goal of this study is preparing the design guidelines for earth-sheltered architecture. so we will contribute to building energy saving.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2015

A model of apartment heating load in a district heating system could be useful in the management and utilization of energy resources, since it could predict energy usage and so could assist in the efficient use of energy resources. The heating load in a district heating system varies in a highly nonlinear manner and is subject to many different factors, such as heating area, number of people living in that complex, and ambient temperature. Thus there are few published papers with accurate models of heating load, especially in domestic literature. This work is concerned with the modeling of apartment heating load in a district heating system in winter, using the reduced least square support vector machine (LS-SVM), and with the purpose of using the model to predict heating energy usage in domestic city area. We collected 23,856 pieces of data on heating energy usage over a 12-week period in winter, from 12 heat exchangers in five apartments. Half of the collected data were used to construct the heating load model, and the other half were used to test the model's accuracy. The model was able to predict the heating energy usage pattern rather accurately. It could also estimate the usage of heating energy within of mean absolute percentage error. This implies that the model prediction accuracy needs to be improved further, but it still could be considered as an acceptable model if we consider the nonlinearity and uncertainty of apartment heating energy usage in a district heating system.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2016

Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) System has been used to improve water quality in the Youngsan·Tamjin river basin since 2004. The Basic Policy of TMDLs sets up the standard flow based on the average dry condition or mid-range flow during the last 10 years. However, Target Water Quality (TWQ) assessment on TMDLs has been used to evaluate water quality through eight-day intervals over 36 times a year. The results for allocation evaluation and target water quality evaluation were different from each other in the same unit watershed during the first period. In order to improve the evaluation method, researchers applied Load Duration Curve (LDC) to evaluate water quality in nine unit watersheds of the Youngsan·Tamjin river basin. The results showed that achievement rates of TWQ assessment with the current method and LDC were 67~100% and 78~100%, respectively. Approximately 11% of the achievement rates with use of LDC were higher than those with use of the current method. In conclusion, it is necessary to review the application of the LDC method in all Four Major River Watersheds.