• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2001

The "crescent-egg" a new spontaneous mutant was detected in a white egg strain k37. Studies were carried out the linkage analysis, to investigate phenotypic characteristics and biochemical analysis of haemolymph and ovarian protein. The mutant, ore was independent from 20 linkage groups P(2), Ze(3),L(4), oc(5), sn8), Ia(9), w-1(10), K(11), ch(13), U(14), bl(15), cts(16), bts(17), mln(18), nb(19), oh(20),Lan(21), or(22), tub(23) and Xan(27). The fertilization, hatchability and larval growth were not different from the those of normal eggs. The content and composition of yolk protein were similared to normal eggs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the areal specific structure in dorsal region of egg-shell of cre mutant. Analysis of chorion protein by isoelectrofocusing(IEF), was resolved no difference in the composite of the chorion protein. We conclude that the egg mutant ere is expressed only in the egg-shape formation and region specific determination.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2011

찰가자미는 우리나라 연해, 일본 서해, 발해, 황해 및 동중국해에 서식하며, 겨울철인 12월에서 3월 사이에 어획된다. 채집이 가능하였던 2006년 11월부터 2007년 3월까지 찰가자미의 생체지수, 생식소발달, 생식주기, 난경조성 및 포란수 등을 조사하였다. 찰가자미의 생식소중량지수(GSI)는, 암컷의 경우 11월에 3.8에서 12월 9.76, 1월 12.46까지 계속 상승하다가, 2월에 9.01, 3월 2.72로 급격히 감소하였다. 수컷도 11월 0.44에서 12월 2.46로 상승한 후 l월에 1.77, 2월에 1.18로 점차 감소하여 3월에는 0.4로 감소하였다. 생식소발달 단계는 성숙기(11~1월), 완숙 및 산란기(l2~2월), 퇴화 빛 휴지기 (2~3월)의 연속적인 생식 주기가 관찰되었으며, 주 산란기는 1~2월이었다. 포란수(F)와 전장(TL)과의 관계는 F=29.027TL - 767.8 (r$^2$=0.7686)로 나타났고, F와 체중(BW)과의 관계는 F=0.3998BW +24.288 (r$^2$=0.8919)로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

We have investigated the effect of melatonin (MLT) on specific growth rate (SGR% $day^{-1}$), condition factor (k), gonado-somatic-index (GSI), histological structures of gonads, serum as well as gonadal protein and lipid in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. MLT treatment in the dose of 25 ${\mu}g/L$ for three weeks reduced SGR% $day^{-1}$ ($0.9{\pm}0.04$) as compared to control ($1.23{\pm}0.026$). The GSI value was significantly (p<0.05) reduced to $1.77{\pm}0.253$ from control where it was $2.56{\pm}0.25$. Serum protein level increased from $9.33{\pm}2.90$ mg/ml (control) to $11.67{\pm}1.45$ mg/ml after MLT treatment while there was depressed serum triglycerides ($86.16{\pm}1.078$ mg/dl) and cholesterol ($126.66{\pm}0.88$ mg/dl) as compared to control values where these were $123.0{\pm}1.23$ mg/dl and $132.0{\pm}1.65$ mg/dl respectively. Histological structure of ovary showed small eggs of early perinucleolus stage after MLT treatment while testicular structure of control and MLT treated fish was more or less similar. It is concluded that exogenous melatonin suppressed SGR% $day^{-1}$, GSI, ovarian cellular activity, protein and lipid biosynthesis, in tilapia suggesting that melatonin is useful in manipulating the gonadal maturity in fishes.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 1982

자웅동체형 이매패인 새조개, Fulvia mutica,의 자원관리 및 양식을 위한 기초생물학적 연구로서, 1980년 10월부터 1981년 9월까지 월별로 채집한 여수근해산 재료를 대상으로 생식세포형성과정 및 생식월파를 조직학적 방법에 의해 제사하였다. 생식소는 복잡한 관상구조를 가진 않은 난소소낭과 정소소낭들이 서로 혼재된 자웅동체형을 나타내고 있다. 발달초기의 생식소에서 성장중인 생식세포와 함께 호산성 과립세포와 불분화간충조직들이 풍부하게 나타나고 있으며, 생식소 성숙함에 따라 점차 소실되어 간다. 완숙난의 크기는 $56\sim67{\mu}m$으로 젤라틴장의 피막에 둘러싸여 있고, 변태를 마친 완숙정자는 청소소의 내경신앙에 파상의 정자수을 형성한다. 새조채의 생식주기는 분열증식기, 성장기, 성숙기, 방출기, 퇴화기 및 회복기의 연연시인 6단계로 나눌 수 있었으며, 산난기는 수온 $20^{\circ}C$내외의 $5\sim10$월로써, 그 성기는 $6\sim7$과 9월인 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 5월의 조기산난개체들은 생식소를 곧 회복발달시켜 9, 10월 방난군에 다시 참여하는 것으로 추정되었다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2001

Rana ovarian follicles consist of oocyte, vitelline envelope, granulosa cells, and theca/epithelial layer. Using scanning electron microscopy, the surface structure of each follicular component was investigated. Changes in oocyte surface during oocyte maturation were also examined. Theca/epithelial layer was almost transparent and some blood vessels and granulosa cells were observed underneath in intact follicle. The number of granulosa cells was estimated to be 6700-7200 per oocyte. The granulosa cells partially overlapped each other and their microvilli penetrated the vitelline membrane via holes present in the vitelline envelope and seemed to be linked to oocyte microvilli. After removal of the vitelline envelope by microforcep, oocyte microvilli were observed on the surface of the devitellined oocyte. The oocyte microvilli formed partial clusters on the surface of white spot area which appears iust before germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), whereas they were evenly distributed in other areas. The microvilli became shorter and less dense with oocyte maturation. The lengths of oocyte microvilli in the immature and mature oocyte were 1.5 $\mu$m and 0.6 $\mu$m, respectively. The present study suggests a fundamental structural change occurring on the oocyte surface during maturation.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.226-234
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• 1993

낙동강 상류에서 서식하는 기름종개 Cobitis sinensis와 왕종개 C. longicorpus 사이의 잡종에서 유래된 집단이라고 생각되는 C. sinensis-longicorpus complex의 생식소에 대하여 조사하였다. 이들 집단은 조사기간 중 272개체가 채집되었는데 그 가운데 암컷이 266개체로 거의 대부분을 차지하였고 수컷은 오직 6개체만 발견되었다. 암컷의 난소조직은 정상적인 발달단계를 보이는 생식 능력있는 난소였다. 그러나 수컷의 정소는 testicular lobule에 텅 빈 vacuole 구조가 많이 포함된 조직에 정원세포나 정모세포는 있지만 정세포와 정자가 생기지 않는 점으로 보아 생식능력이 없는 비정상적인 정소라고 생각한다. 이와 같은 결과는 C. sinensis-longicorpus complex의 암컷 집단이 유연종들의 수컷의 도움으로 생식이 유지되는 독특한 체계를 지니고 있음을 시사해 주고 있다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2008

Early gonadal development and sexual differentiation of dark-banded rockfish (Sebastes inermis Cuvier) were followed from parturition to 400 days post parturition (dpp). During this period, average total length (TL) increased from 0.57 to 13.18 cm. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) were first detected at 0.68 cm TL (10 dpp). When fish reached 1.52 cm TL (50 dpp), initial stages of ovarian differentiation were identified by the presence of PGCs containing condensed chromatin and their transformation into meiotic oocytes. At 10.23 cm TL (300 dpp), the ovaries gradually developed into oocytes in the primary yolk stages. Ovary growth was rapid after sex differentiation, but testis tissue continued to multiply without growing until fish reached 6.97 cm TL (200 dpp), after which the production of spermatocytes, spermatogonia, and cyst cells was apparent. Histological analysis of gonadal structure suggested a gonochoristic sexual development pathway. Our analysis of the sex ratio at 400 dpp showed a significantly higher proportion of males.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제23권3호spc1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1993

It is essential to clone the peptide transporter in order to obtain better understanding of its molecular structure, regulation, and substrate specificity. Characteristics of an endogenous peptide transporter in oocytes were studied along with expression of an exogenous proton/peptide cotransporter from rabbit intestine. And further efforts toward cloning the transporter were performed. The presence of an endogenous peptide transporter was detected in Xenopus laevis oocytes by measuring the uptake of $0.25\;{\mu}M\;(10\;{\mu}Ci/ml)\;[^3H]-glycylsarcosine$ (Gly-Sar) at pH 5.5 with or without inhibitors. Uptake of Gly-Sar in oocytes was significantly inhibited by 25 mM Ala-Ala, Gly-Gly, and Gly-Sar (p<0.05), but not by 2.5 mM of Glu-Glu, Ala-Ala, Gly-Gly, Gly-Sar and 25 mM glycine and sarcosine. This result suggests that a selective transporter is involved in the endogenous uptake of dipeptides. Collagenase treatment of oocytes used to strip oocytes from ovarian follicles did not affect the Gly-Sar uptake. Changing pH from 5.5 to 7.5 did not affect the Gly-Sar uptake significantly, suggesting no dependence of the endogenous transporter on a transmembrane proton gradient. An exogenous $H^+/peptide$ cotransporter was expressed after microinjection of polyadenylated messenger ribonucleic acid $[poly\;(A)^+-mRNA]$ obtained from rabbit small intestine. The Gly-Sar uptake in mRNA-injected oocytes was 9 times higher than that in water-injected oocytes. Thus, frog oocytes can be utilized for expression cloning of the genes encoding intestinal $H^+/peptide$ cotransporters. Using the technique size fractionation of mRNA was sucessfully obtained.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.721-727
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• 2006

To continue exploration of structure activity relationship of novel 1-(indoline-5-sulfonyl)-4-phenylimidazolidinones (1) reported as anticancer agent with broad spectrum, three 1-(arylsulfonyl)-4-vinylimidazolidinones (2) were synthesized from methyl serinate (3) in 8 steps. Reaction of intermediate 2-phenoxycarbonylaminobut-3-enyl p-toluenesulfonate (10) with arylsulfonamide in the presence of potassium carbonate produced corresponding 2 and N-(4-vinyloxazolidin-2-yl)arylsulfonamide 11 in approximately equal ratio. This reaction is believed to undergo through urea intermediate 16 as shown in scheme 3. 1-Arylsufonyl-4-vinylimidazolidinones 2 show much reduced activity against human colon carcinoma (Colo205), human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), and human ovarian adenocarcinoma (SK-OV-3) and compatible activity against human lung carcinoma (A549) compared to 1. Therefore phenyl at 4-position should be the optimum planar motif for the activity of 1.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2003

Ultrastructure of germ cell during gametogenesis of surf clam, Spisula sachalinensis were investigated by electron microscopic observations. Oogonia are oval in shape and 5-6 ${\mu}m$ in diameter. They contain a large nucleus and have several mitochondria in the cytoplasm. Vitellogenic oocytes grew attached by a stalk to the germinal epithelium in the ovarian sac and their cytoplasm contained many yolk granules, lipid granules and mitochondria. Mature oocytes measuring 50-60 ${\mu}m$ in diameter have a nucleus containing an electron dense nucleolus, and a lots of yolk granules, lipid granules, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and cortical granules were present in the cytoplasm. The surface of the plasma membrane in mature oocytes was formed of microvilli approximately 1.5 ${\mu}m$ long and enveloped in the vitelline layer. Spematogonia are oval in shape and about 5 ${\mu}m$ in diameter. Sprmatogonia develop into spermatocyte, spermatid and spermatozoon. The spermatozoon consisted of the head, midpiece and tail. The sperm head with diameter of about 1.5 ${\mu}m$ was ovoid, and contained the nucleus which consisted of acrosome. The four mitochondria encircled the centrosome in midpiece. The flagellum measuring about 40 ${\mu}m$ long had the classical 9+2 axoneme structure.