• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6407-6412
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• 2015

Purpose: To predict prostatic carcinoma using a logistic regression model on prebiopsy peripheral blood samples. Materials and Methods: Data of a total of 873 patients who consulted Urology Outpatient Clinics of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital between February 2008 and April 2014 scheduled for prostate biopsy were screened retrospectively. PSA levels, prostate volumes, prebiopsy whole blood cell counts, neutrophil and platelet counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), biopsy results and Gleason scores in patients who had established diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) were evaluated. Results: This study was performed on a total of 873 cases, with an age range 48-76 years, divided into three groups as for biopsy results. with diagnoses of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n=304, 34.8 %), PCa (n=265, 30.4 %) and histological prostatitis (n=304; 34.8 %). Intra- and intergroup comparative evaluations were performed. White blood cell and neutrophil counts in the histological prostatitis group were significantly higher than those of the BPH and PCa groups (p=0.001; p=0.004; p<0.01). A statistically significant intergroup difference was found for PLR (p=0.041; p<0.05) but not lymphocyte count (p>0.05). According to pairwise comparisons, PLR were significantly higher in the PCa group relative to BPH group (p=0.018, p<0.05, respectively). Though not statistically significant, higher PLR in cases with PCa in comparison with the prostatitis group was remarkable (p=0.067, and p>0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Meta-analyses showed that in patients with PSA levels over 4 ng/ml, positive predictive value of PSA is only 25 percent. Therefore, novel markers which can both detect clinically significant prostate cancer, and also prevent unnecessary biopsies are needed. Relevant to this issue in addition to PSA density, velocity, and PCA3, various markers have been analyzed. In the present study, PLR were found to be the additional predictor of prostatic carcinoma.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.389-400
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• 2014

Objectives: Though there are many studies about sleep disorder, no research has been performed on the utilization of oriental medicine as a treatment. Therefore, the oriental medical treatment pattern of Korean patients with sleep disorders was examined herein using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRAS). Methods: The medical records of patients with sleep disorders (G47) or nonorganic sleep disorders (F51) as a main diagnosis were adopted from the HIRAS database from 2011 to 2013. Analysis was performed on the number of patients and cost per patient, with comparison between oriental and western medicine in terms of gender, age, patient care service type, and hospital type. Results: 1) Regarding sleep disorders, the medical visits and insurance charges have been increasing. Western medicine was utilized 8 times more often than oriental medicine during 3 years. 2) There were 2.5 times more women than men. 3) Among all ages, the 50~59 year group had the highest representation. 4) In comparison of average portions of patient care type over 3 years, outpatients were the majority, while the number of visits of outpatients and hospitalization has been increasing. 5) Comparison of average portion of oriental hospital type over 3 years revealed oriental clinics to be used most. The use of general hospitals was higher in western medicine treatment, while public health centers used oriental medicine more. 6) Regarding average oriental medical cost per patient over 3 years, the total was 88,000 won, with 353,000 won for hospitalization and 85,000 won for outpatients. The outpatient cost has been increasing. 7) In line with 6, oriental medical hospitals cost 126,000 won, local clinics were 85,000 won, and etc. was 95,000 won. Average costs of all types have increased during 3 years, except oriental medical hospitals in 2013. Conclusions: This study provided objective information about the epidemiologic characteristic of oriental medicine used for treatment of sleep disorder. For expansion of oriental medical demand for sleep disorder, this study would be helpful in understanding the recent status.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.128-139
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of anxiety-depression and maternal fetal attachment between pregnant women with preterm labor and normal pregnant women. The number of subjects was 132 convenienced sample. The sample were 66 pregnant women with preterm labor admitted in clinics and 66 normal pregnant women visited OB outpatient department at 1 general hospital in Busan. The data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire from Aug. 1st to Oct, 31th. 2006 and were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test using SPSS/Win PC+ 12.0. The research results were as follows: 1. The general characteristics between normal and preterm pregnancy were homogeneous. 2. It was significantly differed according to anxiety-depression between two groups, but it was not significantly differed according to maternal fetal attachment. 3. There were negative correlations with anxiety-depression and maternal fetal attachment. In conclusion, the special program should be created for each pregnant women and ante-natal nursing service may assessed and consulted on anxiety-depression and maternal fetal attachment, and needed the development of professional and educational nursing intervention on anxiety-depression and maternal fatal attachment enhancement in prenatal health care.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2023

Purpose: A response to conservative treatment is usually obtained in cases of ischiogluteal bursitis. However, the time required to achieve relief of symptoms can vary from days to weeks, and there is a high recurrence rate, thus invasive treatment in addition to conservative treatment can occasionally be effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine surgical excision in cases of refractory ischiogluteal bursitis and to evaluate patients' progression and outcome. Materials and Methods: A review of 21 patients who underwent surgical excision for treatment of ischiogluteal bursitis between February 2009 and July 2020 was conducted. Of these patients, seven patients were male, and 14 patients were female. Injection of steroid and local anesthetic into the ischial bursa was administered at outpatient clinics in all patients, who and they were refractory to conservative treatment, including aspiration and prescription drugs. Therefore, surgery was considered necessary. Excisions were performed by two orthopedic specialists using a direct vertical incision on the ischial area. A review of each patient was performed after excision, and quantification of the outcomes recorded using clinical scoring systems was performed. Results: The results of radiologic evaluation showed that the mean lesion size was 6.2 cm×4.5 cm×3.6 cm. The average disease course after excision was 21.6 days (range, 15-48 days). Measurement of clinical scores, including the visual analog scale and Harris hip scores, was performed during periodic visits, with scores of 0.7 (range, 0-2) and 98.1 (range, 96-100) at one postoperative month, respectively. Conclusion: Surgical excision, with an expectation of favorable results, could be considered for treatment of ischiogluteal bursitis that is refractory to therapeutic injections, aspirations, and medical prescriptions, particularly in moderate-to-severe cases.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.267-278
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differences in Korean nurses' cultural competence perceived by nurses and foreign patients in a general hospital. Methods: The study participants were recruited from outpatient clinics and wards in H General Hospital located in Busan. Cultural competence was measured by the Cultural Competence Scale for Korean Nurses, consisting of 4 subscales: cultural perception, cultural knowledge, cultural sensitivity, and cultural skills. Data were collected from March 31 to April 30, 2014 by distributing and collecting a self-administrated questionnaire set. Data of the 90 foreign patients and 90 nurses were analyzed using PASW statistics 18.0 for independent t-test and ANOVA. Results: The level of cultural competence of Korean nurses perceived by foreign patients was significantly higher than that of nurses. On the cultural awareness dimension, nurses rated themselves more highly than foreign patients did while ratings on the dimensions of cultural knowledge and cultural skill were the opposite. Conclusion: This study indicates that there was a statistically significant difference in the perception of nurses' cultural competence between nurses and foreign patients. The findings can be used for developing education programs to enhance nurses' cultural competence, integrating the perspectives of foreign patients.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.93-96
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• 2000

Background: Psoas compartment block with local anesthetics and corticosteroids is one of the treatments which provides long term analgesia of the lower back and anterior thigh unilaterally, and its technical easiness and safety allows blind application without C-arm guidance in the out-patient clinic. This study aimed to evaluate the mean of the depth from the skin to the psoas compartment, and its correlation to the following attributes: age, weight, height and PI (Ponderal Index). Methods: We investigated 28 patients who underwent psoas compartment block. All blocks were performed using Chayen's method (punctured at the point of 3 cm caudally and 5 cm laterally from the 4th lumbar vertebral spinous process) with a 22 G, 8 cm Tuohy needle under C-arm guidance. We recorded the depth from skin to the psoas compartment, height, weight and PI (weight (kg)/height (cm)$\times100$ (%)). Data were analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients. The correlations between the depth and other attributes identified by p-value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The mean depths from skin to the psoas compartment were $6.02{\pm}0.28$ cm in men, $5.44{\pm}0.22$ cm in women. There is no significant correlation between the depth and other patient's attributes. Conclusions: The mean depths from skin to the psoas compartment may be one of the guide for psoas compartment block in outpatient clinics without C-arm guidance.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2003

Although medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is considered as a cornerstone of medical treatment for hypercholesterolemia, few studies have evaluated medical and economical outcome of MNT. This study was conducted to identify whether MNT administered by registered dieticians could lead to a beneficial clinical and cost outcome in persons with hypercholesterolemia. A prospective clinical trial was carried out at outpatient clinics, which involved an initial visit with a dietitian followed by another visit at first 4 weeks during the 6 weeks study periods. Thirty-nine subjects took part in a 6 weeks nutrition intervention program. Clinical and economical outcomes were compared before and after MNT. Medical nutrition therapy lowered total serum cholesterol level 6.1% (P<0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 9.4% (P<0.05) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 3.0% (P<0.05). The cost-effective ratio was ￦ 1,520/cholesterol mg/dl and ￦ 1,441/LDL-cholesterol mg/dl, respectively. After dietitian's intervention, lipid drug eligibility was obviated in 16 of 39(41%) subjects. The cost savings from the avoidance of lipid medications was ￦ 151,107 per patient annually. In conclusion, it is suggested that provision of systemic intensive nutritional care for persons with hypercholesterolemia has significant effects on serum cholesterol reduction and clinical cost savings.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-21
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• 2023

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) drugs are often co-prescribed with other medications to prevent GI complications. This study aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of potentially unnecessary GI drugs in patients with acute cystitis who were prescribed oral antibiotics and investigate the influencing factors affecting this. Methods: We identified female patients ≥20 years with acute cystitis who visited the outpatient clinic and were prescribed oral antibiotics between July and December by analyzing Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA)-National Patients Sample (NPS)-2019 data. Patients with no prior history of GI disorders within 180 days prior to acute cystitis, excluding or including the date of diagnosis of acute cystitis, were selected (Group A and B). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the factors affecting the prescription of potentially unnecessary GI drugs. Results: A total of 1,544 in Group A and 552 patients in Group B were included for the final analysis. Potentially unnecessary GI drugs were prescribed in 1,176 patients in Group A (76.2%) and 231 patients in Group B (41.8%). Third generation cephalosporines and sulfonamides showed the lower odds ratio for prescribing GI drugs than penicillins. Prescribers from Urology clinics showed more than twice odds ratio for the prescription of GI drugs compared to prescribers from internal medicine clinics. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that potentially unnecessary GI drug prescriptions for patients with acute cystitis were high in South Korea. The positive risk factors affecting the prescription of unnecessary GIs were not patient-related factor but healthcare facility and prescriber-related factors.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2012

A total of 450 stool samples were collected from inpatient and outpatient clinics of Pediatric Department, Minia University Hospital, Minia District, Egypt. Two groups of patients were studied, including 200 immunosuppressed and 250 immunocompetent children. Stool samples were subjected to wet saline and iodine mounts. A concentration technique (formol-ether sedimentation method) was carried out for stool samples diagnosed negative by wet saline and iodine mounts. Samples were stained by 2 different methods; acid fast stain (modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain) and Giemsa stain. Total 188 cases (94%) were diagnosed positive for parasitic infections among immunosuppressed children, whereas 150 cases (60%) were positive in immunocompetent children ($P$<0.0001). The most common protozoan infection in immunosuppressed group was $Cryptosporidium$ $parvum$ (60.2%), followed by $Blastocystis$ $hominis$ (12.1%), $Isospora$ $belli$ (9.7%), and $Cyclospora$ $caytenensis$ (7.8%). On the other hand, $Entamoeba$ $histolytica$ (24.6%) and $Giardia$ $lamblia$ (17.6%) were more common than other protozoans in immunocompetent children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.418-427
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship of knowledge related to disease, awareness and practice of inhaler use in asthmatic patients. Method: The participants in this research were 124 patients with asthma who used inhalers, and were admitted to hospital or attended outpatient asthmatic clinics. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of demographic characteristics, illness-related characteristics, and tools to measure knowledge of disease, awareness and practice related to inhaler use. Results: Knowledge related to disease was statistically significantly different for age (p<.001) and marital status (p=.017). The mean score for awareness of inhaler use was significantly higher than the mean score for practice in inhaler use (p<.001). There were significant correlations between awareness and practice of inhaler use (p<.001), knowledge related to disease and awareness of inhaler use (p<.001), and knowledge related to disease and practice of inhaler use (p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that due to the variation in degree of illness in patients with asthma, there is a need to develop appropriate education programs for people of different ages and also precise ${\alpha}$ II content for use of inhalers method of checking capacity washing and storing as well as directions about different kinds of the inhalers.