• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.383-389
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• 2009

For teaching Advertisement Drawings practically, knowledge of Outdoor Advertisement Practice must be ahead of drawing practices. For understanding and practicing of various materials, treatments, manufacturing process and arrangement on drawings, it is desirable understanding outdoor manufacturing process, and making use of a mock-up. Actually, technical books about outdoor advertisement are very insufficient. As a teaching media based on the actual field for advertisement drawings, snapshots of the field and actual process and a mock-up of a signboard was prepared for practical application.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.323-325
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• 2002

Because of the progress of civilization, outdoor electricity facilities as a street light, signal light and standing signboard etc. have being increased rapidly. Therefore the application of underground distributing wires is largely expended. In this paper, capacitance for the kinds of 600V CV cable is measured and leakage current for underground cable is calculated. The measurement of capacitance is done which there are defects of cable sheath or not Calculated leakage current is applied to choose the circuit breaker and the like.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

상업간판은 단순한 광고목적 외에 도시의 시각이미지를 구성하는 도시환경구성요소 중 하나이다. 또한 건축물의 주요한 구성부분이며 주민에게는 환경적 즐거움을 주어야 하는 의무가 있으며 보행자로 하여금 강제적으로 주목을 끌게 해야 하는 상업적 목적을 가지고 있다. 그러나 본래의 목적과 달리 하나의 도시환경저해요소로서 문제점을 유발하기도 한다. 이러한 문제점들을 시정하기 위한 주민과 자치단체의 상업간판 환경개선을 위한 시도와 이에 따른 결과를 살펴보면서 환경개선을 위한 시도가 결과적으로 주민과 도시환경 모두에게 어떠한 영향을 끼쳤는지를 살펴보았다. 현재 한국의 간판게시규정은 중앙집권적 규율하의 기본규정과 비효과적인 부처간의 상이한 규정 및 하급세부규정의 미비에 기인하여 상업간판의 난립상황을 초래하였다. 아울러 살펴본 일본, 미국, 프랑스에서 적용하고 있는 기본규정도 한계가 있음을 살펴보았으며 따라서 어떠한 개선방향이 주민과 자치단체 양자에게 이익을 주고있는지를 살펴보았다. 효과적인 간판설치규정의 제정은 불가능하지만 규정은 제정하되 무엇보다 자발적인 주민들의 참여와 건축가, 사용자, 자치단체 사이의 주의로운 조화가 필요함을 살펴보았다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.424-429
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• 2014

In this paper, an image-based luminance measurement system(LMS) is proposed to measure the luminance of outdoor signboards. We design the LMS that can improve disadvantages of efficiency of the point-luminance meter and portability of face-luminance meter using the image of DSLR camera and print out the luminance value by using the proposed luminance analysis algorithm in real time. Outdoor signboards have various size and shape, and are also installed on the various place. Luminance of the signboard is influenced by measurement location, angle, color, etc. Therefore, we measure the change of luminance value in accordance with measurement location for accurate luminance measurement and then consider the luminance value according to the measurement distance. We obtain a numerical relation between luminance value and measurement location. The proposed LMS is verified through comparative experiment with point-luminance meter.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting satisfaction of street-scape. According to this purpose, in chapter 2, by inspecting conservation of street environment and streetscape, deduce the frame for analyzing streetscape in commercial district. In chapter 3, analyzing present condition and problems of selected streets in Pohang City, derive the primary factors to induce desirable streetscape through problems and their reason between the analyzed elements of building form. Analyzed elements are composed pavement of road, street furniture, height of buildings, color and material of building and outdoor advertisements, etc. In chapter 4, by conducting a questionnaire survey of pedestrians about street images and the preference, propose the direction of improvement about streetscape in commercial district. As the study method, level of satisfaction was analyzed using the components of street-scape. The collected data was analyzed through Reliability Analysis, ANOVA, Factor Analysis, Regression Analysis. A regression analysis for deriving main factors affecting the satisfaction level of street-scape showed that signboard, sign color, width of street, paving materials, street furniture, open space were found to be the most important.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2019

Advertising signboards are designed for the visibility to affects recall and recognition of costumers. It is well know that the visibility from images is created by the value difference among colors. The research defines whether the background color combination of outdoor signboards is configured to maximize visibility, by a series of color value variation in complex commercial facilities. The subject of study is to examine how the visibility is made by the color combination since visibility cannot be obtained independently. Two steps of analysis were performed to confirm that the color composition of signboards was based on the color value difference. The first is to analyze that the entire colors of signboards are clearly categorized as different value groups. All components of colors, hue, value and chroma had been analyzed by color aesthetic measures to prove that the value variation has the only regularity and the principle of composition. The second step is a further verification with an ample amount of samples to determine whether series of signboards create a value altering pattern. The data for analysis is gained by colorimetric survey and the color data are used for exponentializing the degree of combining, which shows selective affinity between each pair colors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.220-221
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• 2017

The initial light emitting diode (LED) has been used as a display device for various mechanical devices due to its low power. The development of LED technology has made it possible to express color with high power and high brightness. Therefore, it is used as a display such as a traffic signal, a large electric signboard, and an automobile display, and is also adapted as an indoor or outdoor light source such as an incandescent or a fluorescent lamp which requires the high luminance. The bulb of marine lantern, which is used for the aids to navigation, was replaced to LED. The first marine LED lantern was manufactured using multiple LEDs. However, if the optical design is renewed by the development of LED or even if a few LEDs are used, it is possible to satisfy the brightness and the light distribution required by the marine LED lantern.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.44-51
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• 2009

Text understand in natural images has become an active research field in the past few decades. In this paper, we present an automatic recognition system in Korean signboards with a complex background. The proposed algorithm includes detection, binarization and extraction of text for the recognition of shop names. First, we utilize an elaborate detection algorithm to detect possible text region based on edge histogram of vertical and horizontal direction. And detected text region is segmented by clustering method. Second, the text is divided into individual characters based on connected components whose center of mass lie below the center line, which are recognized by using a minimum distance classifier. A shape-based statistical feature is adopted, which is adequate for Korean character recognition. The system has been implemented in a mobile phone and is demonstrated to show acceptable performance.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a study on the development of deep learning structure for defective pixel detection of next-generation smart LED display board using imaging device. In this research, a technique utilizing imaging devices and deep learning is introduced to automatically detect defects in outdoor LED billboards. Through this approach, the effective management of LED billboards and the resolution of various errors and issues are aimed. The research process consists of three stages. Firstly, the planarized image data of the billboard is processed through calibration to completely remove the background and undergo necessary preprocessing to generate a training dataset. Secondly, the generated dataset is employed to train an object recognition network. This network is composed of a Backbone and a Head. The Backbone employs CSP-Darknet to extract feature maps, while the Head utilizes extracted feature maps as the basis for object detection. Throughout this process, the network is adjusted to align the Confidence score and Intersection over Union (IoU) error, sustaining continuous learning. In the third stage, the created model is employed to automatically detect defective pixels on actual outdoor LED billboards. The proposed method, applied in this paper, yielded results from accredited measurement experiments that achieved 100% detection of defective pixels on real LED billboards. This confirms the improved efficiency in managing and maintaining LED billboards. Such research findings are anticipated to bring about a revolutionary advancement in the management of LED billboards.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.10-20
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• 2014

This study was carried out for the purpose of analysis correlations between street furniture design elements and preference of street furniture. This research analyzed the various street furniture set on Ilsan new town street, which are rest, hygiene, light, information, sale, traffic, and landscape. This study has processed by analysing street furniture literature investigation and consideration of theory. First, for analysed effect of street furniture element, has been appear as element 'relaxation facilities', 'information facilities', landscape facilities' mainly effect on street. Specially, 'rest', 'landscape', 'information' in order had a major influence on scenery. Each kind of 'chair elements' in rest facilities, 'sign board' in information facilities, 'sculpture', 'fountain' in 'landscape facilities' has analyzed as the main elements in the landscape affinity property affecting factor. Second, the results of analyzed landscape elements (shape, colour, texture, scale) affect to the affinity of street furniture. chair which are included in rest facilities affect "texture", "form", "scale", "color" in the order of preference of the molding design elements that influence landscape. Particularly, showed statistically significant on 'colour' element affecting the landscape preference than the other three elements. It means as the chair element which is rest facilities mainly affect on preferences, rather than texture, form, scale, colour. Monument in the landscape associated with a preference 'colour', 'shape', 'texture' 'scale' and appears to be in order of impact so we could get the consequence like chair and rest facilities show different aspects of the respectively. It means, visual element which are colour and shape significantly impact on landscape preferences. Third, information facilities such as signboard formative elements of landscape design preferences and correlation with negative showed that the correlation. That mean if the sign board is very negative influence on landscape preferences and the correlations of the design formative elements appear in order of 'scale', 'colour', 'texture'. It also means that the 'scale' namely the size of advertising material and colour are adversely affected in terms of landscape. As these results, when design street furniture as the street scenery, facilities according to the kind of the shape element and need to focus on relative shape element according to the kind of facilities difference. Finally, so far as to clarify the street furniture, mainly 'function' and 'system' classification shows undesirable in outdoor scape. Thus, performed studies in relationship with landscape, classify 'kind of facilities' is more desirable than 'system'.