• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.129-140
• /
• 2006

To find out the seasonal variation of species composition and distribution of fish eggs and larvae in the western part of Jeju Island, investigations were carried out with plankton net during five different months from September 2004 to August 2005. The mean abundance of fish eggs and larvae showed a maximum values in summer (August). During the survey period, total 59 species (51 genus, 26 families and 10 orders) of fish larvae were identified. Among the 10 orders, Perciformes (41 species, 15 families), Scorpaeniformes (7 species, 2 families) and Gasterosteiformes (2 species, 2 families) were the dominant species in this study area. The number of species was higher in high water temperature period than in low one, showing a peak in August as 25 species, and the lowest in May as 6 species. Engraulis japonicus, Scomber japonicus and Scombridae spp. which were migratory fish species occurred abundantly in summer. On the other hand, Sebastiscus marmoratus and Sebastes inermis which were sedentary fish species occurred abundantly in winter.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.471-478
• /
• 2010

This study analyzed the vocabulary level in the 'Water' unit of chemistry I textbook. It also analyzed its relevance to the 11th graders' vocabulary level. The main tool for analyzing vocabulary level was SWA(Science Word Analysis) program which was referenced the Standard Korean Dictionary and Graduated Vocabulary of Korean Language Education. The results in this study turned out to be as follows: The distribution of scientific vocabulary level increased from Level-1 to Level-3 and showed a tendency to decrease from Level-3 until Level-5. The average percentage of Out of level is the largest as 37%. The highest percentage of non-scientific vocabulary was Level-1. The distribution of non-scientific vocabulary level decreased progressively. The Level-5 and Out of level are used 18% averagely. So, there are 6 vocabularies of Level-5 and 82 vocabularies of extra-level inappropriate in scientific vocabularies. And there are 53 vocabularies of Level-5 and 145 vocabularies of Out of level inappropriate in non-scientific vocabularies. Therefore, the overall state of textbooks for grade 11 students are reasonable. But there are a great many vocabularies inappropriate for them. Those should be used minimum, and to be changed to the 1-4 of level vocabulary as stated in the student's level of understanding of appropriate vocabulary.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.613-630
• /
• 2013

This study attempts to analyze the spatial characteristics of organic agriculture in Korea during the period of 2000~2010, focusing on women's labor contribution to agricultural operations. Spatial distribution and concentration of organic farming have been investigated using Location Quotient(LQ) and Local Indicator of Spatial Association(LISA), it was found that the specialized organic farmland in the Seoul Metropolitan area has decreased significantly over the past decade, while in Chungnam and Kyungpook province it has been rapid growth in the same period. Multilinear regression analysis was also carried out to find out whether the spatial clusters in organic farming depends on women farmers. Results describing the correlation between organic farming and women farmers within identified clusters suggest that the possibility of the transition towards sustainable agriculture and farmland restructuring in Korea, by women.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2000

Objective : In western medicine, many medication therapies and non-medication therapies have been treated for dementia. But these methods did no more than symptomatic therapies, not basic treatment, which just can better subordinate symptoms. In fact, care or control became the very point of treatment of dementia. So, to try to find oriental medical treatments for Dementia, a clinical analysis was carried out for 84 patients who were diagnosed as Dementia through MMSE-K and treated in Dong-shin Oriental Medicine Kwangju Hospital and Karitaas Sanatorium from 10. Jan. 1998 to 20. May. 2000. Methods : Regardless of patterns of Dementia, the basic treatment(本治) is to supplement encephalon deficiency(腦髓不足). And the external treatment(標治) must be accompanied by through diagnosis according to symptoms(辨證). All patients were given Yukmi-jihwanghwan gami and acupuncture treatment. Results : Dementia of cerebral vascular type shows a high distribution(51 patients, 60.7%). Women also are distributed more widely(62명, 73.8%). In Age distribition, 70-79 years-32 patients(38.1%), over 80 years-21 patients(25%), 60-69 years-17 patients(20.2%), 50-59 years-13 patients(15.5%) and under 49 years-1 patient(1.2%). From this, Dementia occurs well over 60 years and the rate of occurrence of Dementia is high as people grow older. In past history of people with Dementia, hypertension is associated much(50 patients, 64.1%). Distribution of mental state by MMSE-K examination declined in orientaion, mathmatical faculty, memory faculty and composition faculty. In therapeutic effect by treatment duration, 14 patients(93.3%) out of 15 in sanatorium show a significant effect. And 52 patients(75.4%) out of 69 in the hospital show the same result. Especially, 11 patients with Alzheimer type in sanatorium showed an good effect when treated over 4 months. 40 patients(83.3%) with cerebral vascular type out of 48 in the hospital showed the stage of betterment. Conclusions : The basic treatment(本治) for Dementia is to supplement encephalon deficiency(腦髓不足). For promoting encephalon through supplementing kindney(補腎健腦), All patients were given Yukmi-jihwanghwan gami. And the external treatment(標治) through diagnosis according to symptoms(辨證) were be accompanied by. The result is quite effective. We consider there must be more research based on this study.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.41-78
• /
• 2007

Due to the concern of regional unbalance relating to healthcare resources, the government has set up a plan to expand public healthcare services and a policy to manage the supply of hospital beds. However, it is not clear what standards are needed to measure the degree of unbalance, and to what extent the gap needs to be narrowed. Unlike the previous methodology comparing the proportions of patients who move out from their administrative district to receive medical services, this study examines the inconvenience gap patients experience when they have to move out from their actual living area. The logit and multinomial logit models are employed. The regional unbalance decreases when the degree of movement is measured based on the living area. This result implies that essential standard for achieving regional balance relating to medical services need to be based not on the even distribution of medical resources, but the complications of regional people that require proper medical services.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 2007

People can be exposed to various microorganisms when they eat yukae(seasoned raw meat) because yukae is eaten raw. The purpose of this study was to find out microbial distribution in yukae. In this experiment, 5 restaurants serving yukae were chosen in Daegu area. Mesophilic microorganisms and coliforms were measured by Korean Food Standards Codex. Analyses of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were conducted. As results, mesophilic microorganisms ranged $6.6{\times}10^3-2.7{\times}10^5\;CFU/g$ and coliforms ranged $8.9{\times}10^1-2.1{\times}10^5CFU/g$. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were not detected in all 5 samples. However, Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 1 sample out of 5 samples. Hygiene practice during production, processing and cooking process is required.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 2011

A driver interacts directly with the car seat at all times. There are ergonomic characteristics that have to be followed to produce comfortable seats. However, most of previous researches focused on either static or dynamic condition only. In addition, research on car seat development is critically lacking although Malaysia herself manufactures its own car. Hence, this paper integrates objective measurements and subjective evaluation to predict seat discomfort. The objective measurements consider both static and dynamic conditions. Steven's psychophysics power law has been used in which after expansion; ${\psi}\;=\;a+b{\varphi}_s^{\alpha}+c{\varphi}_v^{\beta}$ where ${\psi}$ is discomfort sensation, ${\varphi}_s^{\alpha}$ is static modality with exponent ${\alpha}$ and ${\varphi}_v^{\beta}$ is dynamic modality with exponent ${\beta}$. The subjects in this study were local and the cars used were Malaysian made compact car. Static objective measurement was the seat pressure distribution measurement. The experiment was carried out on the driver's seat in a real car with the engine turned off. Meanwhile, the dynamic objective measurement was carried out in a moving car on real roads. During pressure distribution and vibration transmissibility experiments, subjects were requested to evaluate their discomfort levels using vehicle seat discomfort survey questionnaire together with body map diagram. From subjective evaluations, seat pressure and vibration dose values exponent for static modality ${\alpha}$ = 1.51 and exponent for dynamic modality ${\beta}$ = 1.24 were produced. The curves produced from the $E_{q.s}$ showed better $R_{-sq}$ values (99%) when both static and dynamic modalities were considered together as compared to Eq. with single modality only (static or dynamic only R-Sq = 95%). In conclusion, car seat discomfort prediction gives better result when seat development considered both static and dynamic modalities; and using ergonomic approach.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2002

Recently, the construction of tunnels longer than one kilometer has increased rapidly. Considering characteristic of limiting structure of longer tunnel, if fires inside tunnel broke out because of vehicle incidents, the catastroph would have high possibility to take place due to toxic smoke and heat of fire. In case of highway tunnel, safety facilities which can cope with tunnel fire are installed in the tunnel but according to rapid increase of heavy good traffic, dangerous goods and enlargement of tunnel magnitude, the research has to carry out about heat fluxes and smoke behaviour during tunnel fire. Therefore, through full-sized fire experiment the paper analyzed temperature distribution, wind velocity, smoke behaviour during tunnel fire.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.395-409
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study is to develop an accurate and robust two-dimensional finite element method for turbulence simulation in open channels. The model is based on Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin finite element method and Boussinesq's eddy viscosity theory. The method developed in the study is depth-averaged mixing length model which assumes anisotropic and local equilibrium state of turbulence. The model calibration and validation were performed by comparing with analytical solutions and observed data. Several numerical simulations were carried out, which examined the performance of the turbulence model for the purpose of sensitivity analysis. The uniform channels that appear horizontal flow and vertical flow were carried out. The model was also applied to the Han river was in for the applicability test. The results were compared with the observed data. The suggested model displayed reasonable flow distribution compare to the observed data in natural river flow. As a result of this study, the two-dimensional finite element model provides a reliable results for flow distribution based on the turbulence simulation in open channels.

• the MEAT Journal
• /
• s.35 winter
• /
• pp.34-45
• /
• 2008

People can be exposed to various microorganisms when they eat yukae (seasoned raw meat) because yukae is eaten raw. The purpose of this study was to find out microbial distribution in yukae. In this experiment, 5 restaurants serving yukae were chosen in Daegu area. Mesophilic microorganisms and coliforms were measured by Korean Food Standards Codex. Analyses of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were conducted. As results, mesophilic microorganisms ranged 6.6$\times$103-2.7$\times$105 CFU/g and coliforms ranged 8.9$\times$101-2.1$\times$105 CFU/g. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were not detected in all 5 samples. However, Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 1 sample out of 5 samples. Hygiene practice during production, processing and cooking process is required.