• Title/Summary/Keyword: Osteomalacia

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Osteomalacia and Hypophosphatemia Caused by Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor Mixed Connective Tissue Variant (PMTMCT) -A Case Report- (골연화증과 저인산혈증을 유발한 인산뇨성 간엽성 종양 -증례 보고-)

  • Jeong, Jae-Yun;Kim, June-Hyuk;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Kim, Han-Soo
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.124-129
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    • 2004
  • The phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor mixed connective tissue variant (PMTMCT) is an extremely rare disease, and is frequently associated with oncogenic osteomalacia showing an paraneoplastic syndrome, which is characterized by phosphaturia, hypophosphatemia, normocalcemia and decreased levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 associated with a tumor. We experienced a 45-year-old female who had a soft tissue tumor on her right buttock causing oncogenic osteomalacia, which was satisfactorily treated by surgical excision of the mass.

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Recalcitrant Low Back Pain Diagnosed as Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia Induced by Antiviral Medication (항바이러스제에 의한 저인산성 골연화증으로 진단된 난치성 요통)

  • Chae, Hyun Jun;Won, Jun Hee;Lee, Won Kyung;Kim, Keewon
    • Clinical Pain
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.131-134
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    • 2021
  • We report a rare case of anti-viral agent induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia presented with localized and radicular pain. A 51-year-old man, who had been taking adefovir for chronic hepatitis, had experienced low back pain radiating to his right thigh for 2 years. With impression of lumbar disc herniation, he underwent magnetic resonance imaging and found multi-level disc herniation with facet joint synovial cysts. He received transforaminal epidural steroid injections, however, symptoms did not improve. To find other possible causes, additional tests were performed. Blood tests revealed hypophosphatemia and increased serum alkaline phosphatase, and osteoporosis was noted in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with multiple hot uptakes in bone scan. After replacement of adefovir to entecavir and supplement of phosphate and vitamin D, phosphate level and the clinical symptoms were improved. This is the first to report the presentation of osteomalacia due to anti-viral agent as radicular low back pain with facet synovial cysts.

TUMOR-INDUCED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC OSTEOMALACIA -Report of a Case Associated with Peripheral Giant Cell GRANULOMA of Gingiva -

  • Lee Sang Rae;Kim Won Chul;Lee Sang Hoon;Kim Mee Kyung;Lee Byung Do
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.279-286
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    • 1987
  • The authors observed a patient who referred to the Department of Oral Radiology, due to diffuse skeletal pain, muscular weakness and unknown tumor mass on the buccal gingiva of upper right molar region. The patient was found to have peripheral reparative giant cell granuloma and osteomalacia. After removal of the tumor, the clinical, radiologic, and laboratory findings of the patient was rapidly normalized with remarkable improvement of bone pain. The results were as follows: 1. After removal of the tumor, the patient improved. the clinical findings such as bone pain, trismus. muscular weakness and he could walk. 2. In postoperative x-ray findings at 1 and 2 months intervals, the lamina dura of all dentition and bony trabeculae in upper and lower arches were regenerating and the bone density increased. 3. In periodic recall check, no occurrence of osteomalacia was existed and the laboratory findings of the patient showed gradual improvement.

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DENTAL RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY ON THE DILANTIN INDUCED OSTEOMALACIA (Dilantin에 의한 골연화증에 관한 치과방사선학적 연구)

  • Kim Yung Gul;Yu Dong Soo
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.87-96
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    • 1983
  • Radiographic measurements on the width of mandibular cortical plate and the lamina dura and on the root length were done in 42 patients who were in long-term Dilantin medication. Osteoporosis and root abnormalities were also investigated. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The number of male patients was greater than that of female patients. 2. The width of mandibular cortical plate was thinner in patient group than in control group. 3. There was no significant change in the width of lamina dura between the patient group and control group. 4. The root length of patient group was generally shorter than that of control group. 5. There were evidences of generalized mandibular osteoporosis and alteration in mandibular canal wall in 8 patients. (19%) 6. In Dilantin induced osteomalacia, the radiographic changes of mandibular canal wall and mandibular cortical plate were prominent, but that of lamina dura was not significant.

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Metabolic Bone Diseases and New Drug Developments

  • Natesan, Vijayakumar;Kim, Sung-Jin
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.309-319
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    • 2022
  • Metabolic bone diseases are serious health issues worldwide, since several million individuals over the age of 50 are at risk of bone damage and should be worried about their bone health. One in every two women and one in every four men will break a bone during their lifetime due to a metabolic bone disease. Early detection, raising bone health awareness, and maintaining a balanced healthy diet may reduce the risk of skeletal fractures caused by metabolic bone diseases. This review compiles information on the most common metabolic bone diseases (osteoporosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, and fluorosis disease) seen in the global population, including their symptoms, mechanisms, and causes, as well as discussing their prevention and the development of new drugs for treatment. A large amount of research literature suggests that balanced nutrition and balanced periodic supplementation of calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D can improve re-absorption and the regrowth of bones, and inhibit the formation of skeletal fractures, except in the case of hereditary bone diseases. Meanwhile, new and improved drug formulations, such as raloxifene, teriparatide, sclerostin, denosumab, and abaloparatide, have been successfully developed and administered as treatments for metabolic bone diseases, while others (romososumab and odanacatib) are in various stages of clinical trials.

A Literature Study of The Osteomalacia (골연화증(骨軟化症)에 대(對)한 동서의학적(東西醫學的) 문헌고찰(文獻考察))

  • Park, Jong-Hyuck;Hwang, Young-Geun;Jeong, Ji-Gheon
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.159-169
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    • 1999
  • Osteomalacia is syndrome of diverse etiology. characterized pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage. This study was performed to investigate causes of disease, pathogenic mechanisms, symptoms, therapies and precriptions through the successive medical literatures. recent chinese medical literatures and chinese medical journals. It is similar to atrophic debility of bones, bone leaning, bone exhaustion, rheumatism involving the bone, osteodynia and cold and heat of bone etc. of oriental medicine. The most principal cause of this is deficiency of kidney. similar to hypophosphatemia caused by increased renal clearance and deficiency of vitamin D, and the rest are senility, deficiency of spleen, deficiency of qi and deficiency of blood. There are nourishing the kidney and spleen, nourishing the qi and blood, warming and passing the muscle and mac, passing an articulation an invigorating the muscle and bone, in principal therapy. And in medical herbs are rehmanniae radix preparat, corni fructus, discoreae rhizoma, cuscutae semen, tigridis os, juglandis semen, hominis placenta, drynariae rhizoma, eucommiae cortex, cynomorii herba, cervi cornus colla, cervi pantotrichum cornu, moutan cortex, polygoni multiflori radix, angelicae gigantis radix, achyranthis bidentatae radix, cibotii rhizoma, hirudo, eupolyphaga, spatholobi caulis, salviae miltiorrhizae radix, draconis resina, curcumae longae rhizoma. In care there are a sun-bath, exercise, high protein diet and taking vitamin D. And they reduce smoking, coffee, drinking etc.

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TUMOR INDUCED OSTEOMALACIA : ASSOCIATED WITH GIANT CELL GRANULOMA ON THE GINGIVA (치은부에 발생한 거대세포육아종에 의한 골연화증)

  • Kim, Yeo-Gab;Ryu, Dong-Mok;Lee, Sang Chull
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.185-190
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    • 1991
  • Thr rickets or osteomalacia, that was induced by nonendocrine osseous or soft tissue tumor, is extremely rare disease and fourteen patients has been reported since 1947. The real nature of this disease is unknown, but postulated that unknown phosphaturic subtance which was elaborated from the tumor affect the renal tubule and produce hypophosphatemia and failure of calcification of osseous tissue. This case presented is that of 41-year-old man who suffered from severe generalized aching pain, severe muscular dystrophy, and shortening of the stature 4 years prior hospitalization. The causal coexisting tumor is walnut sized peripheral giant cell granuloma on the upper gingiva. After surgical removal of the tumor, patient's biochemical findings of the serum and urine were returned to the normal limits 12 days later, and clinical symptoms were marked relieved at 6 weeks later. The dental radiograms which were obtained 4 months later revealed remarkable bone regeneration and newly formed alveolar lamina dura.

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MALDI-MS-Based Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Forms of Vitamin D in Biological Samples

  • Ahn, Da-Hee;Kim, Hee-jin;Kim, Seong-Min;Jo, Sung-Hyun;Jeong, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Yun-Gon
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.58 no.1
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    • pp.106-112
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    • 2020
  • Analyzing vitamin D levels is important for monitoring health conditions because vitamin D deficiency is associated with various diseases such as rickets, osteomalacia, cardiovascular disorders and some cancers. However, vitamin D concentration in the blood is very low with optimal level of 75 nmol/L, making quantitative analysis difficult. The objective of this study was to develop a highly sensitive analysis method for vitamin D using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which has been used as an indicator of vitamin D metabolites in human biofluids was chemically derivatized using a secosteroid signal enhancing tag (SecoSET) with powerful dienophile and permanent positive charge. The SecoSET-derivatized 25(OH)D provided good linearity (R2 > 0.99) and sensitivity (limit of quantitation: 11.3 fmol). Chemical derivatization of deuterated 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (d6-25(OH)D3) with SecoSET enabled absolute quantitative analysis using MALDI-MS. The highly sensitive method could be successfully applied into monitoring of quantitative changes of bioactive vitamin D metabolites after treatment with ketoconazole to inhibit 1α-hydroxylase reaction related to vitamin D metabolism in human breast cancer cells. Taken together, we developed a MALDI-MS-based platform that could quantitatively analyze vitamin D metabolites from cell products, blood and other biofluids. This platform may be applied to monitor various diseases associated with vitamin D deficiency such as rickets, osteomalacia and breast cancer.

A Case of Primary Fanconi Syndrome (일차성 Fanconi 증후군 1례)

  • Kang Hyeon-Ho;Cha Seong-Ho;Cho Byung-Soo
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.82-85
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    • 1998
  • Fanconi syndrome is a renal disorder characterized by a generalized dysfuntion of the proximal tubule leading to excessive urinary losses of amino acids, glucose, phosphate, and bicarbonate. It is often associated with hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, rickets, and osteomalacia. We have experienced one case of primary Fanconi syndrome. The patient was a 10 year old boy and his chief complaints were short stature, glycosuria, and genu valgum. There were aminoaciduria, hypokalemia, glycosuria, decreased TRP, and hypophosphaturia. We report a case of primary Fanconi syndrome with brief review of the literature.

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Vitamin D status and childhood health

  • Shin, Youn Ho;Shin, Hye Jung;Lee, Yong-Jae
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.56 no.10
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    • pp.417-423
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    • 2013
  • Vitamin D is an essential component of bone and mineral metabolism; its deficiency causes growth retardation and skeletal deformities in children and osteomalacia and osteoporosis in adults. Hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency) is observed not only in adults but also in infants, children, and adolescents. Previous studies suggest that sufficient serum vitamin D levels should be maintained in order to enhance normal calcification of the growth plate and bone mineralization. Moreover, emerging evidence supports an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and immune function, respiratory diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, infection, allergy, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases in pediatric and adolescent populations. The risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the pediatric population are season (winter), insufficient time spent outdoors, ethnicity (non-white), older age, more advanced stage of puberty, obesity, low milk consumption, low socioeconomic status, and female gender. It is recommended that all infants, children, and adolescents have a minimum daily intake of 400 IU ($10{\mu}g$) of vitamin D. Since the vitamin D status of the newborn is highly related to maternal vitamin D levels, optimal vitamin D levels in the mother during pregnancy should be maintained. In conclusion, given the important role of vitamin D in childhood health, more time spent in outdoor activity (for sunlight exposure) and vitamin D supplementation may be necessary for optimal health in infants, children, and adolescents.