• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2023

연구목적: 안전보건공단에서는 위험성평가를 용이하게 하기 위해 웹 기반의 KRAS 개발하여 각 사업장의 유형별 평가 모델을 제공하고 있다. 위험성평가의 이해를 돕기위해 민간 기관에서는 위험성평가 담당자 교육을 개설하여 운영하고 있다. 기업의 규모에 따른 제조업 위험성평가 담당자 교육의 효과성을 분석할 것이다. 연구방법: 2017년부터 2021년까지 5년 이내 위험성평가 담당자 교육을 이수한 670개 사업장을 대상으로 SPSS 22를 이용하여, 재해 발생 관련 데이터를 통해, 100인을 기준으로 100인 미만 집단과 100인 이상 집단을 나누어 상관분석과, t-검정을 통해 재해율을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 가설 1번~5번 채택, 5~8번 기각 되었다. 결론: 100인 이상의 기업 교육을 대상으로 한 기업의 규모에 따른 교육과정의 편성을 고려하고 위험성평가 인정 시의 혜택을 상향하는 부분에 대하여 제고해 볼 수 있다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2012

While the ability to develop nanomaterials and incorporate them into products is advancing rapidly worldwide, understanding of the potential health safety effects of nanomaterials has proceeded at a much slower pace. Since 2008, Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) started an investigation to prepare "Strategic Action Plan" to evaluate safety and nano risk management associated with foods, drugs, medical devices and cosmetics using nano-scale materials. Although there are some studies related to potential risk of nanomaterials, physical-chemical characterization of nanomaterials is not clear yet and these do not offer enough information due to their limitations. Their uncertainties make it impossible to determine whether nanomaterials are actually hazardous to human. According to the above mention, we have some problems to conduct the human exposure risk assessment currently. On the other hand, uncertainty about safety may lead to polarized public debate and to businesses unwillingness for further nanotechnology investigation. Therefore, the criteria and methods to assess possible adverse effects of nanomaterials have been vigorously taken into consideration by many international organizations: the World Health Organization, the Organization for Economic and Commercial Development and the European Commission. The object of this study was to develop risk assessment principles for safety management of future nanoproducts and also to identify areas of research to strengthen risk assessment for nanomaterials. The research roadmaps which were proposed in this study will be helpful to fill up the current gaps in knowledge relevant nano risk assessment.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

최근의 보안 관련 공격들은 시스템의 취약점을 악용하는 공격보다는 시스템을 운영하는 사람을 목표로 하는 공격들이 다양하게 발생하고 있다. 그러나 현재 사람을 주요 공격 목표로 하는 사회공학 공격들의 위험도를 분석하여 전략적으로 대응하고자 하는 연구는 매우 부족한 현실이다. 본 논문에서는 사회공학 공격의 위험도를 평가하기 위해 공격 경로, 공격 수단, 공격 단계, 공격 도구, 공격 목표 측면에서 사회공학 공격들을 분석한다. 아울러 동일한 공격에 대해 조직의 특성과 환경에 따라 위험도는 다름을 반영하여 사회공학 공격 위험도와 함께 조직의 특성과 환경을 고려한 조직의 위험도를 평가한다. 뿐만 아니라, 일반적인 공격 위험도 평가 방법인 CVSS, CWSS, OWASP Risk Rating Methodology를 분석하여 사회공학 공격에 대한 조직의 위험도 평가 방안을 제안한다. 제안한 방법론은 조직의 환경 변화에 따라 조직에 적절한 사회공학 공격에 대한 조치를 취할 수 있도록 평가 유연성이 있다.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.3.1-3.11
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• 2023

Background: Studies on the risk of mercury (Hg) in Korean fishery products focus primarily on total Hg levels as opposed to methylmercury (MeHg) levels. None of the few studies on MeHg in tuna investigated tuna from Japanese restaurants. Few have evaluated lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in tuna. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a risk assessment by evaluating heavy metal concentrations in tuna from Japanese restaurants. Methods: Thirty-one tuna samples were collected from Japanese restaurants in the Republic of Korea. They were classified according to region and species. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples was analyzed using the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Food Code method. The rate of exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) and the risk compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) set by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives (%PTWI) were evaluated for risk assessment. Results: The mean of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As concentrations were 0.56 ± 1.47 mg/kg, 33.95 ± 3.74 ㎍/kg, 14.25 ± 2.19 ㎍/kg and 1.46 ± 1.89 mg/kg, respectively. No sample exceeded the MRLs of Pb and Cd, but 9.7% of the samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWIs of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As were 4.2037, 0.0162, 0.0244 and 1.1627, respectively. The %PTWI of MeHg by age group and sex was highest among men aged 19-29 years (10.6494), followed by men aged 30-49 years (7.2458) and women aged 19-29 years (4.8307). Conclusions: We found that 3 out of 31 samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWI of MeHg showed significant differences based on age and sex, and the value was likely to exceed a safe level depending on individuals' eating behaviors. Therefore, improved risk management for MeHg is required.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.44-56
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• 2002

For the risk analysis and risk assessment techniques to be effectively applied to the field of information technology (IT) security, it is necessary that the required activities and specific techniques to be applied and their order of applications are to be determined through a proper risk management model. If the adopted risk management model does not match with the characteristics of host organization, an inefficient management of security would be resulted. In this paper, a risk management model which can be well adapted to Korean domestic IT environments is proposed for an efficient security management of IT. The structure and flow of the existing IT-related risk management models are compared and analysed, and their common and/or strong characteristics are extracted and incorporated in the proposed model in the light of typical threat types observed in Korean IT environments.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2019

One of the most effective methods to consistently ensure the safety of a tap water supply can be achieved by application of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach for drinking water supply systems. This approach can be termed water safety plans(WSP) which recommended by WHO(world health organization) and IWA(international water association). For the introduction of WSP into Korea, 150 hazards were identified all steps in drinking water supply from catchment to consumer and risk assessment tool based on frequency and consequence of hazards were developed. Then, developed risk assessment tool by this research was implemented at a water treatment plant($Q=25,000m^3/d$) to verify its applicability, and several amendments were recommended; classification of water source should be changed from groundwater to stream to strengthen water quality monitoring contaminants and frequencies; installation of aquarium to monitor intrusion of toxic substances into raw water; relocation or new installation on-line water quality analyzers for efficient water quality monitoring; change of chlorination chemical from solid phase($Ca(OCl)_2$) to liquid phase(NaOCl) to improve soundness of chlorination. It was also meaningful to propose hazards and risk assessment tool appropriate for Korea drinking water supply systems through this research which has been inconsistent among water treatment authorities.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2021

Risk assessment techniques are processes used to evaluate hazardous risk factors in construction sites, facilities, raw materials, machinery, and equipment, and to estimate the size of risk that could lead to injury or disease, and establish countermeasures. The most important thing in assessing risk is calculating the size of the risk. If the size of the risk cannot be calculated objectively and quantitatively, all members who participated in the evaluation would passively engage in establishing and implementing appropriate measures. Therefore, this study focused on predicting accidents that are expected to occur in the future based on past occupational accident statistics, and quantifying the size of the risk in an overview. The technique employed in this study differs from other risk assessment techniques in that the subjective elements of evaluators were excluded as much as possible by utilizing past occupational accident statistics. This study aims to calculate the size of the risk, regardless of evaluators, such as a manager, supervisor, safety manager, or employee. The size of the risk is the combination of the likelihood and severity of an accident. In this study, the likelihood of an accident was evaluated using the theory of Bud Accident Chainability, and the severity of an accident was calculated using the occupational accident statistics over the past five years according to the accident classification by the International Labor Organization.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2002

Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous element found in several forms in foods and water. Although certain foods, such as marine fish, contain substantial levels of organic arsenic forms, they are relatively low in toxicity compared to inorganic forms. in contrast, arsenic in drinking water is predominantly inorganic and highly toxic. Chronic ingestion of arsenic-contaminated drinking water is therefore the major pathway posing potential risk to human hearth. since the early 1990s in Bangladesh ozone, arsenic exposure has caused more than 7,000 deaths and uncounted thousands shout symptoms of long-term arsenic poisoning. Significant portion of world populations are exposed to low to moderate levels of arsenic of parts per billion (ppb) to hundreds of ppb. As a consequence, the World Health Organization (WHO) and U.S. environmental health agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) made arsenic their highest priority. Recently, the WHO, European Union (EU), and US. EPA lowered an acceptable level of 10 ppb for arsenic in drinking water In this article, various health effects of arsenic in drinking water were reviewed and the current status for risk assessment to regulate arsenic in drinking water was discussed.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

It has come to attention that a risk-assessing organization, that will benchmark a company's safety department, is imperative, following an increase in large-scale SOC-business project, construction of higher-raised buildings, development of underground space; all that have increase accident rates. Having faced problems that arise in firms that demand diversity, complexity and instantaneity, the purpose of the thesis is to arrive at efficient and practical problem-solving means. In order to solve the problems that would surface theoretically during an actual risk assessment, the state of the operation systems of the top five national construction firms having a hazard rate of 0.25 times less than the average rate have been analyzed, while a hierarchal recognition research of the employees who not only function at the operating level but are the practice subjects of a firm, has also been conducted, bringing the main text.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the effect of risk assessment on employee safety behavior in manufacturing workplaces. In addition, this study attempted to explore factors related to the occupational safety and health system in the workplace affect the risk assessment of manufacturing sites. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study using the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency's 2018 Occupational Safety and Health data. The sample for study is 1,967 manufacturing workplaces. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS (ver.25.0). Results: As a result of the multiple hierarchical regression analysis, it was found that risk assessment had an effect on employee safety behavior (t=4.435, p=<.001). Furthermore, the size of the workplace affected employee safety behavior (t=2.494, p=<.001). In addition, the presence of safety and health management organizations affected employee safety behavior (t=4.301, p=<.001). The factors of the safety and health organization (𝑥²=35.245, p=<.001), the occupational safety and health committee (𝑥²=149.440, p=<.001), and the supervisor (𝑥²=16.472, p=<.001) were identified as factors that increased the possibility of risk assessment in the manufacturing workplaces. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that risk assessment is a factor that increases the level of workers' safety behavior in manufacturing workplaces. Therefore, it is necessary to provide institutional support for activating risk assessment at manufacturing workplaces.