• 식물병과 농업
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1999

In 1997 surveys 82 out of 180 crucifer fields were infected with clubroot disease in a range of 1-100% of diseased plants and among crucifier crops Chinese cabbage was the most severe, In cropping systems Chinese cabbage-monocropping of Chinese cabbage-radish were found to be most common in major Chinese cabbage production areas. Welsh onion squash or paddy rice were also planted between cropping of Chinese cabbage. Paddy fields converted to upland were lowered in incidence of clubroot disease and fields with loam to silty loam soil were more severe in disease than those with sandy soil. Soil pH and organic contents were nor related to clubroot disease severity. Soil fauua such as total fungi bacteria actinomyces Pseudomonads and Bascillus were not correlated with severity of the disease. Root rall development on Chinese cabbage seedlings was initifially observed under a microscope 13 days after inoculation with Plasmodiophora brassicae but 18 days by naked eyes after inoculation. Root galls were formed mostly around collar roots and gradually spread to main root lateral roots and secondary root branches. Root galls started to enlarge greatly in size and weight from 23 days after inoculation. Chinese cabbage plants at mid-growth stage with root gall development were reduced to 1/2 of that of healthy plants in number of leaves 1/4-1/5 in above ground fresh weight 1/6 in root length but increased to 3 times in diameter of collar root. Diseased plants had little root hairs. Diseased Chinese cabbage plants at harvest were reduced by 9,1-11.8% in head weight compared to healthy plants a positive correlation was observed between root and head weight but those relationships were rot found in the diseased plants.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.525-532
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• 2017

차세대 주력 디스플레이인 유기 및 양자점 발광 다이오드를 잉크젯을 이용하여 저렴한 비용으로 생산하기 위한 연구개발이 진행되어 왔으며, 잉크 액적의 토출 신뢰성을 고속으로 검사하기 위한 모니터링 장비의 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 기존 직선 운동 방식의 잉크젯 모니터링 장비 대신에 로터리 및 리니어 초음파 모터를 이용하여 미러를 회전시킴으로써 노즐들에서 토출되는 잉크 액적들을 모니터링할 수 있는 장비를 개발하여 측정 능력을 시험하였다. $10{\mu}m$, $30{\mu}m$ 및 $50{\mu}m$ 직경 원형의 측정 오차는 각각 $0.5{\pm}1.0{\mu}m$, $-1.2{\pm}0.3{\mu}m$ 및 $0.2{\pm}0.5{\mu}m$였다. 모니터링 시간은 17초가 소요되었으며, 제어 프로그램의 최적화를 통해 8.6초까지 모니터링 시간을 단축할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.25-79
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• 1999

To evaluate the historical changes and future counterplan of food culture in Korea . the following were surveyed : the scale of foodseivice industry. the consumer attitude on functional health food. the fancy and using frequency of fastfood in the growing generation, the actual state on use of imported food. consumer opinions in selecting factor of functional and organic foods. the actual state and consumer attitude on the imported foods, long-term prospect of food service industry in futures. the production of food rubbishes and their reusing rates. the production scales and toxicity problems of agricultural medicines including the postharvest agricultural medicine. the consumer anxiety such as potential environmental and human health risks associated with GMOs (genetically modified organisms) and the import state of GMOs, long-term prospect of population increase in world, and aged population of over 65 years and their social index in Korea, self-supporting rate and national security of food in Korea. the prospect for demand and supply of grains in Korea and world. decrease of the farming population and the decrease problem of agricultural productivity. the problem on the introduction of direct payment system for a farmhouse, and other social problem etc. In cases of 1996, self-supporting rate of food in Korea was the lowest as $26.4{\%}$ in the world but those countries such as USA, UK France, Canada and Denmark were $134.0{\%}\;122.0{\%}$. $190.0{\%}$. $179.0{\%}\;and\;134.0{\%}$, respectively. in 1997 Therefore. our food security appeared as a very serious problem in a viewpoint of the national security That's why this very important Symposium will be held by agriculture-related three Societies to see the last year of 1999 out and the new millennium in.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2021

Objective: The metabolites that constitute the rumen fluid and milk in dairy cattle were analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and compared with the results obtain for other dairy cattle herds worldwide. The aim was to provide basic dataset for facilitating research on metabolites in rumen fluid and milk. Methods: Six dairy cattle were used in this study. Rumen fluid was collected using a stomach tube, and milk was collected using a pipeline milking system. The metabolites were determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and the obtained data were statistically analyzed by principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, variable importance in projection scores, and metabolic pathway data using Metaboanalyst 4.0. Results: The total numbers of metabolites in rumen fluid and milk were measured to be 186 and 184, and quantified as 72 and 109, respectively. Organic acid and carbohydrate metabolites exhibited the highest concentrations in rumen fluid and milk, respectively. Some metabolites that have been associated with metabolic diseases (acidosis and ketosis) in cows were identified in rumen fluid, and metabolites associated with ketosis, somatic cell production, and coagulation properties were identified in milk. Conclusion: The metabolites measured in rumen fluid and milk could potentially be used to detect metabolic diseases and evaluate milk quality. The results could also be useful for metabolomic research on the biofluids of ruminants in Korea, while facilitating their metabolic research.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2022

Syngas, also known as synthesis gas, synthetic gas, or producer gas, is a combustible gas mixture generated when organic material (biomass) is heated in a gasifier with a limited airflow at a high temperature and elevated pressure. The present research was aimed at modifying the existing LPG engine generator for fully operated syngas. During this study, the designed gasifier-powered woodchip biomass was used for syngas production to generate power. A 6.0 kW LPG engine generator was modified and tested for operation on syngas. In the experiments, syngas and LPG fuels were tested as test fuels. For syngas production, 3 kg of dry woodchips were fed and burnt into the designed downdraft gasifier. The gasifier was connected to a blower coupled with a slider to help the air supply and control the ignition. The convection cooling system was connected to the syngas flow pipe for cooling the hot produce gas and filtering the impurities. For engine modification, a customized T-shaped flexible air/fuel mixture control device was designed for adjusting the correct stoichiometric air-fuel ratio ranging between 1:1.1 and 1.3 to match the combustion needs of the engine. The composition of produced syngas was analyzed using a gas analyzer and its composition was; 13~15 %, 10.2~13 %, 4.1~4.5 %, and 11.9~14.6 % for CO, H₂, CH₄, and CO₂ respectively with a heating value range of 4.12~5.01 MJ/Nm³. The maximum peak power output generated from syngas and LPG was recorded using a clamp-on power meter and found to be 3,689 watts and 5,001 watts, respectively. The results found from the experiment show that the LPG engine generator operated on syngas can be adopted with a de-ration rate of 73.78 % compared to its regular operating fuel.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.279-294
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• 2024

Agriculture has played a significant role in the national economy, contributing to food security, driving economic growth, and safeguarding the dietary habits of the population. Korean agriculture has been compelled to focus on intensive farming due to its limited cultivation area, excessive input costs, and the limitations of agricultural mechanization. In the Republic of Korea (R.O.K), the concept of environmentally friendly animal agriculture began to be introduced in the early 2000s. This concept ultimately aims to cultivate sustainable animal agriculture (SAA) through environmentally friendly production practices, ensuring the healthy rearing of animals to supply safe animal products. Despite the government's efforts, there are still significant challenges in implementing environmentally friendly agriculture and SAA in the R.O.K. Therefore, the objective of this review is to establish the direction that the animal agriculture sector should take in the era of climate crisis, and to develop effective strategies for SAA tailored to the current situation in the R.O.K by examining the trends in SAA in the U.S. The animal agriculture sector in the U.S. has been working towards creating a SAA system where humans, animals, and the environment can coexist through government initiatives, industry research, technological support, and individual efforts. Efforts have been made to reduce emissions like carbon, and improve factors affecting the environment such as the carbon footprint, odor, and greenhouse gases associated with animal agriculture processes for animals such as cattle and pigs. The transition of the U.S. towards SAA appears to be driven by both external goals related to addressing climate change and the primary objectives of responding to the demand for safe animal products, expanding consumption, and securing competitiveness in overseas export markets. The demand for animal welfare, organic animal products, and processed goods has been increasing in the U.S. consumer market. A major factor in the transformation of the U.S. animal agriculture sector in terms of livestock specifications is attributed to environmentally friendly practices such as high-quality feed, heat stress reduction, improvements in reproductive ability and growth period reduction, and efforts in animal genetic enhancement.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.613-626
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• 2010

웰빙시대의 도래와 함께 안전농산물에 대한 국민요구가 커져가고 있으며, 이에 따라 친환경 배 생산체계 개발이 절실한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 최근 효과가 큰 것으로 알려지고 있는 유효미생물제제인 Amo 등을 비롯한 몇가지 친환경농자재를 조합 처리하여 친환경 배 생산체계를 수립코자 2년간 수행한 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 친환경농자재 처리에 의한 배과수원의 토양양분의 변화는 T-C, 유기물, Ca 및 Mg 함량은 2008년에 비해 2009년 약간 증가하였으며, 처리 간에는 EC, Ca 및 Mg 함량이 2 처리에서 많은 경향이었다. 2. 엽내 질소 및 인산함량은 2008년에 비해 2009년 각 처리구 모두에서 감소하였다. 칼륨 함량은 2008년 1.93%에 비해 2009년은 2.06%로 증가하였으며, 처리간에는 1처리구가 2.17%로 가장 많았다. 칼슘함량도 2008년에 비해 2009년 각 처리구 모두에서 함량이 감소되었으며, 처리간에는 3처리구가 1.52%로 가장 많았다. 3. 연차간 과실특성을 보면 과중은 2008년 평균 682g에 비해 2009년에는 713g으로 31g이 높았으며, 처리간에는 2처리구가 738g으로 가장 높았다. 과실의 당도함량은 12.2~12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 2008년 평균 12.2$^{\circ}Bx$에서 2009년 12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 당도가 증가하였다. 처리간에는 대조구와 2처리구가 12.6$^{\circ}Bx$로 가장 높았다. 4. 과피색의 L값은 연차간 처리구간에 큰 차이가 없었으나, a 값의 경우 2008년 3.73에 비해 2009년에는 5.35로 1.62 높은 경향을 보여 성숙진행이 2009년에 다소 빨랐음을 알 수 있었으며, 처리간에는 2처리구가 4.82로 가장 높았다. 5. 과실 조직의 처리간 응집성 및 점착성은 1처리구가 각각 1.97, 0.14로 가장 높았다. 부착성은 2008년과 비교하여 2009년이 -0.86이 적었으며, 유의성이 인정되었다. 처리간 부착성은 3처리가 -2.58로 가장 높았다. 과실의 경도는 1처리구가 14.4로 가장 높았으며, 씹힘성도 1처리가 1.77로 가장 높았다. 6. 과피의 무기성분 함량 중 인산함량은 2008년 0.91g/kg에 비해 2009년 0.97g/kg으로 0.06g 더 많았으며, 처리간에는 3처리가 1.15g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼륨함량은 2008년 7.82g/kg에 비해 2009년 8.20g/kg으로 2009년이 더 많았으며, 처리간에는 1처리가 8.34g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼슘은 처리간에는 3처리에서 166.80ppm을 나타내 가장 함량이 높았다. 7. 과육의 질소함량은 처리간에는 3처리가 4.32mg/g으로 가장 함량이 높았다. 인산함량은 2008년 평균 1.59g/kg에 비해 2009년 1.42mg/g로 함량이 적었으며, 처리간에는 1처리, 3처리가 1.68g/kg으로 가장 많았다. 칼륨함량은 년차 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 처리간에는 1처리가 11.81g/kg으로 가장 함량이 많았다. 칼슘함량은 2008년 34.13ppm에서 2009년은 35.10g/kg을 나타내 함량이 증가하였다. 마그네슘 함량은 3처리가 0.93g/kg으로 가장 함량이 높았다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 1999

College is a component of local community, which is not separated from the community, seeks the local development through the extension of opportunity for the local students to enter higher schools, improvement of local culture and environment, extension of production education, research on local community, supply of side job manpower and lecture attendance system and affects the local community with the increase of young population. It is found that after the College is founded in the research area, the whole image of physical and psychological evolution of College according to the change factors like the change of use of neighboring regions and business items is relatively active, has the connection to the region and shows the strong continuous image. Accordingly, College must seek the mutually organic relationship which local community and be a foundation for the local development by leading to the formation of neighboring region around campus.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.304-318
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• 2014

Bed for elderly and disabled, including the United States developed the industry Americas, and European countries, mainly in the production of products has dominated the world market. In large hospitals, and dependent products are sold at high prices. On the other hand, improvement of living standards of our country and to the advancement of residential culture of the demand for luxury products is increasing. The study of elderly Edition mattresses have been developed mainly in Europe to maximize the use of sleep can increase the efficiency of products has been studied. Due to the increase in elderly population Elderly Hospital, which is installed in the elderly silver town Edition requires the dissemination of the mattress in the bedroom several times a day resting and sleeping, eating, etc. Designing a variety of actions are needed. Edition of the elderly in Korea developed the design of bed with bed design and the manufacturer and the Institute for Ergonomics, welfare agencies and to build organic cooperation system under the direction of a professional designer to develop and you need to configure the space and the results of such actions by the distribution of cheap materials, ergonomic mattress for optimal development of behavior analysis to the need to promote the convenience of the user.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.191-207
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• 2013

Bed for elderly and disabled, including the United States developed the industry Americas, and European countries, mainly in the production of products has dominated the world market. In large hospitals, and dependent products are sold at high prices. On the other hand, improvement of living standards of our country and to the advancement of residential culture of the demand for luxury products is increasing. The study of the elderly Edition mattresses have been developed mainly in Europe to maximize the use of sleep can increase the efficiency of products has been studied. Due to the increase in elderly population Elderly Hospital, which is installed in the elderly silver town Edition requires the dissemination of the mattress in the bedroom several times a day resting and sleeping, eating, etc. Designing a variety of actions are needed. Edition of the elderly in Korea developed the design of bed with bed design and the manufacturer and the Institute for Ergonomics, welfare agencies and to build organic cooperation system under the direction of a professional designer to develop and you need to configure the space and the results of such actions by the distribution of cheap materials, ergonomic mattress for optimal development of behavior analysis to the need to promote the convenience of the user.