• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.580-586
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• 2017

The fractionation characteristics of organic matter were investigated in inflow and effluent of each other pollution sources and river. While the DOC/TOC ratio in the influent of public sewage treatment plant and livestock disposal facilities was above 0.58, the POC/TOC ratio of human livestock Night soil treatment plant and stormwater runoff was more than 0.7. The TOC removal efficiency of public sewage treatment plant and human livestock Night soil treatment plant were 88.5 % and 99.6 %, respectively. Although the concentration distribution of organic matter pollution most of total organic carbon (TOC) in effluent of pollution sources accounted for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) type (DOC/TOC ratio >0.89) and Refractory-DOC (RDOC)/TOC ratio was higher (>0.65). The fractionation characteristics of organic matter in river were similar with that of sewage treatment plant and TOC concentration showed the positive correlation with DOC ($r^2=0.93$) and RDOC ($r^2=0.89$) concentration. The decay rate of Labile DOC (LDOC) (avg. $0.128day^{-1}$) was higher than labile particulate organic carbon (LPOC) ($0.082day^{-1}$), while that of DOC ($0.008day^{-1}$) was lower than POC ($0.039day^{-1}$) (paired t-test, p < 0.001, n = 5). These study results suggested that it should consider important both TOC and DOC as the target indicator to control refractory organic matter in pollution sources.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.32-36
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the treatment efficiency of sequencing batch reactor when the livestock nightsoil organic loading rate was varied. Sequencing batch reactor was operated with the variance of influent BOD concentration and operating cycle. The average influent BOD concentrations in this study were 150 mg/l, 200 mg/l, 250 mg/l, 300 mg/l, 350 mg/l, 400 mg/l, 450 mg/l and 500 mg/l in the condition of 1~3 cycles/day. The treatment efficiency of sequencing batch reactor is good at the volumetric loading of 0.05~0.20 kg $BOD/m^3\cdot day$. Therefore, sequencing batch reactor process would become an effective alternative for the process of small scale livestock nightsoil treatment plants.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.186-189
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• 2011

By surveying the 70 composting plants in Gyeonggi Province, the total commercial production of livestock faeces composts (LFCs) in 2008 was estimated to be about 480,000 Mg year-1 and they were manufactured mainly by using both mechanical mixer and bottom air blower. LFCs were composed mainly of chicken faeces 29.2%, pig+chicken faeces 23.1%, pig faeces 20.0%, livestock faeces+oil cake 12.3%, pig+chicken+cattle faeces 10.8% and pig+cattle faeces 4.6%. On the basis of the current official standard which was revised on March 2010, 11 composts out of surveyed 76 ones did not meet the LFCs quality standard (LQS) due to inadequate content of water (5), OM/N (1), NaCl (2) and Zn (3). The OM/N declined by adding chicken faeces and oil cake, while Ca content increased by the addition of chicken faeces and NaCl increased by adding cattle faeces.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.509-514
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• 1999

The sewage sludges and livestock manures, respectively, were composted with sawdust used for control moisture in the static piles system composter. The variations of temperature, pH, moisture, C/N ratio, inorganic content, forms of organic materials and nitrogen, and contents of heavy metals were investigated. The results were summarized as follows ; The temperature for composting the sewage sludges reached the highest temperature of 52$^{\circ}C$, after 3 days and lasted for 7 days, and then went down 3$0^{\circ}C$ after 52 days. In the case of composting livestock manures, the temperature reached to 63$^{\circ}C$ after 10 days, that lasted for 10 days, and then went down gradually. After upsetting the sewage sludges and livestock manures for composting were decreased to 30% and 36%, respectively. The contents of inorganic matters and heavy metals were changed by the characteristics of raw materials but increased gradually during composting process. The total contents of organic materials in the sewage sludges and livestock manures for composting were decreased to 7% and 9%, respectively. The contents of ether extracts, resins, hemicellulose and cellulose were decreased but those of water soluble polysaccharides and lignins were not changed. The total contents of nitrogen in sewage sludges and livestock manures were decreased to 43% and 34%, respectively.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.61-71
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• 2023

The necessity of energy utilization using livestock manure has been proposed with the decrease in domestic agricultural land. Livestock manure solid fuel has been investigated as a promising energy resource owing to its convenient storage and use in agricultural and livestock fields. Additional electricity production is possible through the integration of a biomass combustion boiler with the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). In this study, a mathematical system model of the cattle manure solid fuel boiler integrated with the ORC was developed to analyze the components' performance under variable operating conditions. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the electrical efficiency of the ORC turbine and the applicability of this system. The minimum required waste heat recovery rate was derived considering the system marginal price and levelized cost of electricity of the ORC. The simulation results showed that, in Korea, more than 77.98% of waste heat recovery and utilization in ORC turbines is required to achieve economic feasibility through ORC application.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-36
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.141-143
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.523-531
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to derive priorities and implications for the organic resource conservation policy in the livestock sector. We conducted a survey on the importance-performance of the organic waste resource reclamation of livestock sector using a 5-point Likert scale. The importance average for the resource recycling of livestock organic waste was 3.63 and the average of performance was 3.04. As a result of the IPA on livestock manure recycling measures, it is necessary to improve feed quality, establish a local recycling system, increase demand for compost and liquid, enhance customer linkages, and develop cost reduction technologies. It requires intensive support for promoting the spread of odor reduction technologies and integrated management of biomass. It is necessary to introduce mid- and long-term measures such as the revival of feed in tariff, promote by-product feeding, establish solid fuel process management standards, create hygiene safety standards, develop eco-beads and promotion of feed conversion. It is required to strengthen support for the development of odor reduction technologies and prepare consultative organizations among related departments, develop eco-friendly solid fuel technology, and support policies for renewable energy certification.