• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.296-299
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• 2005

We report a case of primary central nervous system(CNS) lymphoma in an organ recipient. A 33-years-old man who underwent a renal transplantation 3years previously presented with headache and vomiting. In Brain computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance images showed multiple periventricular cystic rim enhancing masses. Pathologic diagnosis by stereotactic biopsy revealed malignant non-Hodgkins B-cell lymphoma. After pathologic confirmation, methotrexate chemotherapy and whole brain radiation therapy were done. Having experienced such a case, the authors strongly recommend to add primary CNS lymphoma as one of the differential diagnoses to brain abscess, metastatic brain tumor and glioblastoma multiforme in cases of multiple ring enhancing periventricular lesions of immunocompromised patient or organ recipient.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.246-255
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• 2014

Purpose: Along the process of organ transplantation, coordinators perform complex professional roles, playing as a key person among recipients, donors, family members and medical staffs. The purpose was to analyze the tasks of organ transplantation coordinators using DACUM method and to establish the basis for standardizing them in accordance with relevant laws and systems. Methods: Participants were consisted of 78 transplantation coordinators working at the medical centers in Korea. The questionnaire was administered to analyze the criticality, difficulty and frequency of task elements. Results: The job of organ transplantation was classified into five duties, 13 tasks, and 84 task elements. The five duties were recipient management, donor management, organ donation activation management, organ transplantation administration, and professional capability development. On the four-point scale: donor management was the duty with the highest criticality (3.68), organ donation activation management was the duty of highest difficulty (2.96), and recipient management was the duty of the highest frequency (3.32). Conclusion: This study will be useful for developing an educational program and as a reference of nurse practitioner qualifying examination. It is necessary to develop a comprehensive educational program for transplantation coordinators in order to support them to take their complex roles successfully.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.307-315
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• 2022

The review of known decision-making support systems and technologies regarding the possibility of donation and transplantation showed that currently there are no systems and technologies of decision-making support regarding the possibility of donation and transplantation considering civil law. The paper models the decision-making support process regarding the possibility of donation and transplantation, which is a theoretical basis for the development of rules, methods and technology of decision-making support regarding the possibility of donation and transplantation considering civil law. The paper also developed the technology of decision-making support regarding the possibility of donation and transplantation considering civil law as a component of the Unified State Information System for Organ and Tissue Transplantation, which automatically and free of charge determines the possibility/impossibility of donation and transplantation. In the case of the possibility of donation, the admissible type of donation is also determined - over-life or after-life donation - and data about potential donor is entered in the relevant Donor Register. In the case of the possibility of transplantation, if the recipient needs a transplant of one of the paired organs or a part of the organ/tissue, then data about potential recipient are entered in the Transplantation List from both over-life and after-life donor, otherwise, if the recipient needs a transplant of a non-paired organ or both paired organs, then data about potential recipient are entered only in the Transplantation List from after-life donor.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2008

For solid organ transplant, ABO blood type of donor and recipient should be compatible in principle. Recent improvement of immunosuppressant made HLA typing not so important while no-mismatch transplant still shows the longest graft survival. PRA(panel reactive antibody) test is to screen and identify recipients with HLA sensitization. When solid organ transplant is scheduled, cross-match test of donor cell and recipient serum should be performed and positive result of cross-match prohibits transplantation. Donor specific antibody(DSA) test can predict the severity of recipient immune reaction against donor organ. Today's mainstay of allograft immunosuppressant regimen is triple therapy of steroid, calcineurin inhibitor(cyclosporine, tacrolimus), azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil(MMF). Antibody induction using Thymoglobulin or anti-IL-2 receptor antibody(basiliximab or daclizumab) is frequently practiced as well.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine nursing college students' knowledge of and attitudes toward brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation. The research design utilized in this study was a descriptive research design. The data were collected from September 7 to 14, 1998, by means of strutted questionnaire. To measure students' knowledge of brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation, Joo's(1995) instrument was used. The questionnaire was composed of 22 items. To measure students' attitudes toward organ donation and organ transplantation, s(1995) Instrument was used. The questionnaire was composed of 22 items. The data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient using the SAS program. The results were as follows : 1. Students' knowledge of brain death, organ donation and organ transplantation was 9-20. The mean score was 15.36, with 22, the highest possible score. There was statistically significant difference between students' knowledge and approval on the brain death recognition group(t=9.75, p=0.002). 2. Students' altitudes toward organ do nation and organ transplantation showed is mean score of 3.61 on a 5 attitudes points Liken scale. More than 80% of respondents agreed that organ transplantation can offer a high quality of life to the recipient and is an acceptable form of medical treatment. The health care costs associated with organ transplantation are worth itif another's life can be saved. Students felt it important to help others who are very ill. Also, by donating organs, students felt a part of their own body would continue to live by making it possible for someone else to live. Only 2.9% of students objected to organ donation for religious reasons. There was statistically significant difference among students' attitudes, experienced blood donor group(t=17.04, p=0.000), approval on the brain death recognition group (t=21.06, p=0.000), organ donation agreement group(t=46.13, p=0.000).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.224-227
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• 1993

We experienced one case of orthotopic cardiac transplantation in a patient with end stage dilated cardiomyopathy. This 50 year-old female recipient was suffered from NYHA functional class IV cardiac failure and dependent upon intravenous inotropic support for 2 months [recipient category 1]. Her preoperative condition was grave with left ventricular ejection fraction of 20% and estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure [from Doppler study] was 50mmHg. The brain-dead donor was 31 year-old male with head trauma. The body sizes [weight, height] of the donor/recipient were 70 Kg, 165 cm / 43 Kg, 160 cm and appropriately overmatched. Preoperatively, identical ABO/Rh blood group [A+] and nonreacting HLA crossmatching were confirmed. On November 11 1992 cardiac transplantation was performed without complication. Multiple organ procurement team and heart transplantation team were organized the operation schedule appropriately to minimize the ischemic time. The pump time was 126 minutes and aortic crossclamping time of recipient heart was 73 minutes and, as a result, total ischemic time of the transplanted heart was 75 minutes. Postoperatively, the vital signs were stable with minimal inotropic support. The immunosuppressive therapy was commenced from preoperatively and cyclosporine, azathioprine, and corticosteroid were used as a combination therapy as scheduled and monitored with blood drug concentration, WBC count, renal function and most importantly regular endomyocardial biopsy.Now, 5 months after transplantation, the patient is in NYHA functional class II with minimal cardiac drug support.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.527-530
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• 2011

Purpose: Liver transplantation is a groundbreaking section in the field of surgery. Nowadays over 90% of success rate is accomplished and life expectancy of the patients has been elongated. Patients are now seeking for surgical procedures including cosmetic plastic surgery. But these patients take immunosuppressive medication and steroids, which can increase the risk of wound infection, and delay wound healing. By reviewing the case of a 21-year-old liver transplant recipient who underwent mastopexy due to breast ptosis, we discussed about the matters we should consider when performing surgery in liver transplantation recipients. Methods: The patient was a 21-year-old female who received liver transplantation from her father. She was exposed to massive amount of steroids and immunosuppressants, which led to breast ptosis. The vertical and short horizontal incision mastopexy using a medial-based pedicle was done, 29 months after the liver transplantation. Results: On postoperative day 1, she was discharged. On day 10, sutures were removed and taping was applied. There was no sign of wound infection, wound dehiscence, hematoma or bleeding. The patient was followed up at 3, 6 and 9 months after the operation. Mild recurrence of the glandular ptosis was observed but revision was not required. Conclusion: We were able to successfully operate without any complications in the liver transplant recipient. With special attention and consideration, cosmetic plastic surgery can be safely performed in organ transplantation recipients.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-92
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• 2014

An 8-year-old girl diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and Russell-Silver syndrome was admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit due to low cardiac output and multiple-organ dysfunction. The patient was placed on the heart transplant waiting list and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was performed as a bridge to transplantation. After 17 days, heart transplantation was performed. The donor was a 46-year-old female (weight, 50 kg; height, 150 cm). The donor:recipient weight ratio was 3.37:1. Because the dimension and volume of the recipient's thoracic cage were insufficient, the sternum could not be closed. Nine days after transplantation, the patient underwent delayed sternal closure. To obtain adequate space, we left the sternum 4.5 cm apart from each margin using four transverse titanium plates. A transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap was chosen to cover the wound. Due to the shortage of donors, a size-mismatched pediatric heart transplantation is sometimes unavoidable. Closure of the opened sternum of a transplant recipient can be challenging. Sternal reconstruction after an extremely oversized heart transplantation with transverse titanium plate fixation and a musculocutaneous flap can effectively achieve sternal closure and stability.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.984-988
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• 1999

Background: Donor-specific blood transfusion(DSBT) before organ transplantation has been demonstrated to prolong allograft survival; the mechanism of this effect has remained unclear. Only a few researches have been performed on this subject in our country. Material and Method: To investigate the effect of DSBT, we selected 5 donor recipient combinations using rats of pure strain such as PVG, ACI, and LEW. One ml of donor whole blood was transfused to each recipient through the femoral vein 7 days prior to transplantation. The donor heart was transplanted to the recipient's abdominal vessels heterotopically using modified Ono and Lindsey's microsurgical technique. Five transplantations were done for each combination. Postoperatively, donor heart beat was palpated everyday through the recipent's abdominal wall. Rejection was defined as complete cessation of donor heart beat. Result: The allogeneic heart grafts transplanted from PVG strain to ACI strain(PVG ACI) without DSBT were acutely rejected(mean survival 10.2 days). With pretransplant DSBT, the cardiac allografts in PVG ACI and LEW PVG combinations survived indefinitely(more than 100 days), those in ACI PVG combination survived 12 to 66 days(mean 31.8 days), those in PVG LEW survived 8 to 11 days(mean 10.0 days), and those in ACI LEW survived 7 to 9 days(mean 8.0 days). In brief, DSBT prior to heart transplantation was definitely effective in PVG ACI and LEW PVG combinations and moderately effective in ACI PVG combination, but not effective in PVG LEW and ACI LEW combinations. Conclusion: DSBT prior to heart transplantation showed variable effects, but might prolong cardiac allograft survival indefinitely in some donor recipient strain combinations. The mechanism of this effect should be further investigated.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.475-487
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• 1998

This is a study to search for the ethical basis for valid informed consent of organ donors. It is an admirable action that a person give his own body part or organ as a gift to another person. The organ for transplantation can be removed only when the donor consents voluntarily to donation. It is recently proposed as the need for organ transplantation is increased that organs can be harvested although the consent of deceased cannot be obtained. This may raise many moral issues because human beings all have an unalienable right to control their own bodies. The principle of autonomy is usually regarded as an ethical basis for informed consent. However, some people criticize that the principle of autonomy requires a person and his decision to be autonomous (but there are many patients who aren't autonomous due to their confusion or unconscious condition in a clinical situation). or this principle can foster indifference to patients needing help: thus respect for principles of care and beneficence is necessary. When we consider the complexity of making a decision about organ donation. the principle of autonomy should be replaced by the principle of respect for individual autonomy. as expressed by Childress (1990). This principle requires the care givers to respect the client's individual decisions. The elements of informed consent are threshold elements: competence to understand and decide. voluntariness in deciding: information elements: disclosure of material information. recommendation of a plan. understanding of disclosure and recommendation: and consent elements: decision in favor of a plan. authorization of the chosen plan. In cases of living donors. the elements of competence and voluntariness are more important than the others. So only an adult can give a recipient his own body part. but it should be forbidden to harvest from minors or protected adults (i.e. developmentally disabled person However. when organs are removed from a cadaver donor. we ought to respect the donor's decision. So we ought to try to seek donor cards or any documents expressing the donor's opinion about organ transplant. All health care givers ought to disclose donor information about organ transplantation clearly enough for the donor to understand it and to be able to weigh the harms and benefits. We are going to propose 'the subjective standard' as the ethical standard of disclosure. This standard will assure that patients have enough information to be able to decide autonomously from their own position. Care givers have to consider the method of disclosure because donors can be influenced by it positively or negatively, Establishment of the Hospital Committee is recommended. because medical professionals will have a chance to discuss the procedure of decision and the validity of harvesting a organ from a person.