• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2024년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.826-829
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• 2024

3D 사람 자세 추정 기술은 다양한 응용 분야에서의 높은 활용성으로 인해 대량의 학습 데이터가 수집되어 딥러닝 모델 연구가 진행되어 온 반면, 동물 자세 추정의 경우 3D 동물 데이터의 부족으로 인해 관련 연구는 극히 미진하다. 본 연구는 동물 자세 추정을 위한 예비연구로서, 3D 학습 데이터가 없는 상황에서 단일 이미지로부터 3D 사람 자세를 추정하는 딥러닝 기법을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 사전 훈련된 다중 시점 학습모델을 사용하여 2D 자세 데이터로부터 가상의 다중 시점 데이터를 생성하여 훈련하는 연역적 학습 기반 교사-학생 모델을 구성하였다. 또한, 키포인트 깊이 정보 대신 2D 이미지로부터 레이블링 된 순서 깊이 정보에 기반한 손실함수를 적용하였다. 제안된 모델이 동물데이터에서 적용 가능한지 평가하기 위해 실험은 사람 데이터를 사용하여 이루어졌다. 실험 결과는 제안된 방법이 기존 단안 이미지 기반 모델보다 3D 자세 추정의 성능을 개선함을 보여준다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.927-940
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• 2023

Online shopping has been undergoing significant developments in the South Asian region in the last decade. Using a representative sample of Sri Lankan consumers, this study explored online food purchasing behavior in Sri Lanka, a developing nation and island in South Asia. Data were collected from 562 respondents from all nine provinces in Sri Lanka using an online survey. Consumer attitudes were evaluated using factor analysis, and factor scores were added as explanatory variables to the final model. An ordered logistic regression model was used to examine the impact of consumer demographics, economic variables, and consumer attitudes on online food purchases. Online food purchasing intensity was categorized into four groups that suited ordinal rankings: zero for never, low for rarely, medium for occasionally, and high for regularly. Results indicated that age, income, education, and living in urban areas affect the online food purchasing behavior of Sri Lankan consumers. In addition, trust, convenience, and attitudes toward price were powerful drivers of online food purchasing. The findings have a number of significant managerial ramifications for creating strategies to promote online food purchases in developing South Asian nations like Sri Lanka. Moreover, promoting online shopping could be a potential solution for traffic congestion, ultimately helping to mitigate the negative externalities associated with it, such as carbon emissions and air pollution.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.332-343
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the practice level of 14 health behaviors between male (N=139) and female (N=175) elderly and to identify the barriers to each health behavior of elderly people in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from 314 elderly people (65yr and older) living in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas. Descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test and ordinal logistic regression were used in data analysis using the SPSS Win 15 version. Results: 1) The performances were different in some health behaviors between male and female elderly people. Male elderly showed better performances in balanced diet, regular exercise, and more than 30 min of exercise, while female elderly showed better performances in restriction of fat and cholesterol, restriction on alcohol, and smoking. There were no differences in stress management and health prevention behaviors between the two groups. 2) The common significant barriers in health behaviors of the elderly in Korea were the lack of habit and physical discomfort. However, the lack of perceived benefit was a significant barrier in male elderly. Lack of time and lack of family support were significant barriers in female elderly people in Korea. Conclusion: These results suggest that tailored strategies should be developed considering the gender difference to reduce the main barriers of each health behavior in order to improve the health status of elderly people.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2009

두 군의 처리를 비교하는 임상시험에서 효능(efficacy)과 안전성(safety)이 동일하게 중요한 변수로 취급되는 경우에 이변량(bivariate) 반응변수로서 분석되고 연구계획의 단계에서도 이변량 표본수 결정방법이 사용되어야 한다. Thall과 Cheng (1999)은 효능과 안전성의 반응값이 이변량 이항(bivariate binary) 변수인 경우의 표본수 결정방법을 제시하였으며, 본 연구에서는 목표모수 설정과정은 기존의 연구와 같으나 월콕슨-만-휘트니(Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney: WMW) 통계량에 근거한 검정법과 표본수 결정방법을 제시한다. Thall과 Cheng (1999)의 검정통계량은 변수 변환시킨 비율의 근사 정규성에 근거하는 반면에, WMW 통계량은 확률에 근거한 비모수적 방법으로 이변량 이항변수 뿐만 아니라 이변량 순위변수로 측정된 반응값에도 적용시킬 수 있다 Thall과 Cheng (1999)에 제시한 항암치료 임상연구의 두 예제에 위의 두 다른 방법으로 계산된 표본수를 비교한 결과, Thall과 Cheng (1999)의 첫째 예제에서는 이변량 WMW 방법에 의한 표본수가 더욱 작았으나 둘째 예제에서는 더욱 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.690-703
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• 2013

This study investigated the dietary behaviors and consumption of convenience foods among salaried men in Busan, Korea, and compared them based on the men's nutritional knowledge level. A questionnaire was developed based on the review of literatures and was distributed to 250 office workers in Busan in February 2013. A total of 224 data were used for the analyses. ${\chi}^2$-tests were employed for the nominal data while Mann-Whitney' U-tests were used for the ordinal data. Leven's tests were first performed before the t-tests for the interval data. Almost 60% of the respondents were female, 50% were in their 30s and 68% lived with other family members. The mean score of the nutritional knowledge test was 13.78 out of 20. Women and those who graduated from college or higher were likely to get a better score than men and those who graduated from high school or below. The respondents were divided into two groups for further analyses: Low (LK) vs. High (HK) knowledge score groups. LKs were more likely to consume 20 convenience foods than HKs. Although the respondents recognized the nutritional disadvantages of consuming convenience foods for an extended period, they continue to eat them because they lack time and further, it is quick and easy to consume convenience foods instead of preparing meals from scratch.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2010

Objectives: We investigated the clustering of selected lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, lack of physical exercise) and identified the population characteristics associated with increasing lifestyle risks. Methods: Data on lifestyle risk factors, sociodemographic characteristics, and history of chronic diseases were obtained from 7,694 individuals ${\geq}20$ years of age who participated in the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Clustering of lifestyle risks involved the observed prevalence of multiple risks and those expected from marginal exposure prevalence of the three selected risk factors. Prevalence odds ratio was adopted as a measurement of clustering. Multiple correspondence analysis, Kendall tau correlation, Man-Whitney analysis, and ordinal logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify variables increasing lifestyle risks. Results: In both men and women, increased lifestyle risks were associated with clustering of: (1) cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (2) smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and lack of physical exercise. Patterns of clustering for physical exercise were different from those for cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. The increased unhealthy clustering was found among men 20-64 years of age with mild or moderate stress, and among women 35-49 years of age who were never-married, with mild stress, and increased body mass index (>$30\;kg/m^2$). Conclusions: Addressing a lack of physical exercise considering individual characteristics including gender, age, employment activity, and stress levels should be a focus of health promotion efforts.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.2-8
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• 2011

Objectives: Public release of and feedback (here after public release) on institutional (clinics and hospitals) cesarean section rates has had the effect of reducing cesarean section rates. However, compared to the isolated intervention, there was scant evidence of the effect of repeated public releases (RPR) on cesarean section rates. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of RPR for reducing cesarean section rates. Methods: From January 2003 to July 2007, the nationwide monthly institutional cesarean section rates data (1 951 303 deliveries at 1194 institutions) were analyzed. We used autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time-series intervention models to assess the effect of the RPR on cesarean section rates and ordinal logistic regression model to determine the characteristics of the change in cesarean section rates. Results: Among four RPR, we found that only the first one (August 29, 2005) decreased the cesarean section rate (by 0.81 percent) and continued to have an impact period through the last observation in May 2007. Baseline cesarean section rates (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.1 to 7.1) and annual number of deliveries (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.7) of institutions in the upper third of each category at before first intervention had a significant contribution to the decrease of cesarean section rates. Conclusions: We could not found the evidence that RPR has had the significant effect of reducing cesarean section rates. Institutions with upper baseline cesarean section rates and annual number of deliveries were more responsive to RPR.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2007

Objective : To poll oriental medical doctors on their opinions about the necessity of standard medical charts and of detailed items in their development. Currently, oriental medical institutions use their own medical charts, but a standard medical chart is necessary for medical information sharing. Methods : Report by 912 of the 10,490 oriental medical doctors surveyed on their general aspects, actual conditions, and requirements. Results : The oriental medical doctors surveyed who worked in oriental medicine clinics, oriental medicine hospitals, and public health centers said medical examination programs should consist of chief complaints (said by 814 respondents or 89.25%), history (792 or 86.84%), ordinal symptoms (753 or 82.57%), diet (727 or 79.71%), emotions and overstrain (654 or 71.71%), side effects and allergies (622 or 68.20%), improvement of symptoms (605 or 66.34%), a questionnaire on particular diseases (558 or 61.18%), social aspects (523 or 57.35%), a physical examination (520 or 57.02%), a questionnaire on syndrome differentiation (514 or 56.36%), diagnosis using medical devices and laboratory tests (471 or 51.64%), and Sasang constitution (357 or 39.14%). Ninety-one percent of the respondents said they intended to use a standard chart, and 82.19% agreed to share patient information with medical institutions. Conclusions : Over 90 percent of the oriental medical doctors surveyed said they need a standard medical examination program. Oriental medical examination items that correspond with the opinions of the oriental medical doctors surveyed and of experts will thus be developed, and the draft chart will be distributed to oriental medical institutions with the developed medical forms and electronic medical chart.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was performed in order to investigate by questionnaire the factors affecting the occupational satisfaction of work-environment measurement workers, as well as to suggest fundamental materials for systematic, administrative and economic improvements which are necessary to create a vision for the future. Material and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used at a total of 152 institutions and 1,254 work-environment measurement workers throughout the country from February to September 2012. Responses came from 97 institutions (64%) and 941 work-environment measurement workers (75.1%). The factors affecting the job satisfaction of work-environment measurement workers were statistically evaluated through $x^2$-test and ordinal logistic regression analysis. Results: Major factors affecting the job satisfaction of workers in relation to work-environment measurement were working, financial, and psychological conditions (p<0.05). Conclusions: Considering the results of this study, the improvement of labor conditions should be undertaken because workers engaged in work-environment measurement are fundamental to occupational health.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.137-158
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• 2013

발도르프 교육은 최근 대안교육계를 통해 활발히 국내에 소개되고 있는 상황이다. 이 논문에서는 1-1학기에 지도되는 0~10까지의 지도를 중심으로 우리나라 공교육과 발도르프 교육의 지도를 비교하였다. 연구방법으로는 문헌과 자료 분석을 택하였으며, 이를 위해 우리나라 교과서와 발도르프 교육 관련 자료들을 비교하여 주된 특징들을 각각 추출하였다. 먼저 우리나라 수학교과서에 나타난 주된 특징으로, 0~9까지와 10의 분리 지도, 집합수와 순서수의 의미 지도, '1 큰(작은) 수'의 지도, '이야기'의 활용 등을 들 수 있다. 발도르프교육 자료에서 나타난 주된 특징으로는 질적인 측면에서의 수의 지도, 이야기 들려주기, 리듬으로 수 만나기, 전체성에서 부분성으로 나아가기 등을 추출하였다. 결론적으로, 위와 같은 차이를 일으키는 근본적인 기제는, 상대적으로 우리나라 공교육에서는 수학적 구조나 개념이 주요한 요소로 작동하고 있다면, 발도르프 교육에서는 특정 연령에 있는 아이들의 발달적 특성을 주된 요소로 고려하여 지도하는 데 있는 것으로 보인다.