• 대한수의학회지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

This study assessed the effects of Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU on oral health in male and female beagles (n = 18) by measuring oral malodor and periodontal disease-related parameters (calculus, plaque, and gingivitis indices). Oral malodor and indicators of periodontal disease were assessed in five treatment groups: negative control (scaling and 0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), positive control (0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), and W. cibaria CMU groups (each n = 4) at low (CMU-L, $2{\times}10^7$ colony forming unit [CFU]), medium (CMU-M, $2{\times}10^8CFU$), and high (CMU-H, $2{\times}10^9CFU$) concentrations. After feeding with W. cibaria CMU for 6 weeks, total volatile sulfur compound concentrations in the CMU-L ($2.0{\pm}1.04ng/10mL$), CMU-M ($2.4{\pm}1.05ng/10mL$), and CMU-H ($2.6{\pm}1.33ng/10mL$) groups were significantly lower than in the positive control group ($3.2{\pm}1.65ng/10mL$). Also, CMU-L ($1.4{\pm}0.83ng/10mL$) and CMU-H ($1.9{\pm}1.14ng/10mL$) groups had methyl mercaptan levels lower than that in the positive control group ($2.4{\pm}1.21ng/10mL$) at week 2. The plaque index was significantly lower in the CMU-H group ($4.5{\pm}0.28$) than in the positive control group ($5.9{\pm}1.08$) at week 6. W. cibaria CMU could be useful as a novel oral hygiene probiotics for reducing volatile sulfur compounds production and inhibiting plaque growth in companion animals.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2007

아연 화합물은 의학적 효용이 뛰어나서 예전부터 화장품, 의약품 및 치과용 제제 등으로 널리 사용되어 왔다. 특히, 아연의 구강내 생물학적 작용에 대해서는 널리 알려져 있는데, 아연은 구강내 미생물에 다양한 기전으로 영향을 가해서 항균 작용, 항치태 작용, 항우식 작용을 갖게 된다. 또한, 아연은 구취를 유발하는 구강내 혐기성 세균과 구강내 휘발성 황화합물에 영향을 주어서 구취 치료제로서도 널리 애용되고 있다. 이에 저자는 아연의 개괄적인 물성과 독성 및 상용되고 있는 아연 제제들을 요약하여 제시한 후, 구강내 세균과 휘발성 황화합물에 대한 아연의 생물학적 영향에 대하여 항균 효과, 항치태 효과, 항우식 효과 및 구취감소 효과 등으로 나누어 고찰해보았다. 아연은 다른 금속에 비하여 독성이 적고 치아 착색을 거의 유발하지 않으며, 가격 또한 저렴하여 구강내 감염, 치아우식증, 치주질환 및 구취 등의 예방 및 치료제로서 많은 장점을 지니고 있다. 향후 이러한 장점을 바탕으로, 치과 임상에서의 아연제제의 적용은 증가할 것으로 사료되며, 이에 대한 전망은 밝다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate deodorizing effectsof medicinal herbs (Mume Fructus, Eriobotryae Folium, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) for development of a gargle solution. Methods: 1. The antimicrobial effects of medicinal herbs were evaluated with the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the change of the number of viable cells in the herb extracts(1%) for 48 hrs against P. gingivalis 2561 and Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611. 2. Deodorizing activity of each herb and Garglin $Mint^{(R)}$gainst methyl mercaptan were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). 3. We used the malodor modeling of the salivary sediment system with a Halimeter. 4. In the preliminary clinical study, the baseline concentration of VSC in the oral cavity of each subject was measured by Halimeter. Subjects would gargle for 30 seconds with cysteine. After 4 minutes subjects would gargle for 30 seconds with Garglin and herb extracts (2%). Subsequently, concentration of VSC were measured at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 20 minutes. Results: 1. MBC of Mume Fructusfor P. gingivalis 2561 was determined to be <1% and MBCs of Eriobotryae Folium for P. gingivalis 2561 and Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611 were determined to be <2% and <1%, respectively. Mume Fructus (1%) completely suppressed the P. gingivalis cell viability from 5 hrs and Eriobotryae Folium (1%) completely suppressed the Pr. intermedia cell viability from 48 hrs. 2. In GC analysis, deodorizing activities were 91.54% with Mume Fructus, 87.97% with Eriobotryae Folium, 100% with Acanthopanacis Cortex, 72.36% with Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and 40.54% with Garglin $Mint^{(R)}$. 3. In malodor modeling of the salivary sediment system, each of the medicinal herbs had significantly inhibitory effect on malodor formation (p<0.05). 4. In the preliminary clinical study, the concentration of VSC of the herb groups was significantly lower than of the control group, but not in Garglin $Mint^{(R)}$. Conclusions: Mume Fructus, Eriobotryae Folium, Acanthopanacis Cortex and Angelicae Dahuricae Radixhave deodorizing activities and potential as an effective mouthwash against oral malodor.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2024

Halitosis is defined as a nasty odor emanating through the mouth and is primarily related to the enhanced concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). VSC measurements have been commonly used for experimental comparison and clinical diagnosis. As quantitative methods for comparative analyses of oral malodor, gas chromatography devices have been most commonly used to quickly and easily determine the concentration of several gas components of VSCs, which are agents primarily responsible for halitosis. The concentrations of VSCs fluctuate dynamically depending on contributing factors, including various oral/systemic conditions, intake of medicine and food/drink, oral hygiene, and even routine daily activities. Therefore, the exact analysis of VSCs requires the appropriate standardization of not only exact measurement techniques but also participant conditioning with scientific considerations. Thus, this paper describes the experimental standardizations commonly recommended in previous literature and their scientific background.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.671-677
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the influencing factors of self-reported dry mouth in the employees in social welfare facilities. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 260 employees in social welfare facilities from January 5 to 30, 2015 by convenience sampling method. Except 25 incomplete answers, 215 data were analyzed by t test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 180. program. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, health-related characteristics, whole body dryness and self-reported dry mouth. The oral health-related quality of life was measured by five point Likert scale, and a higher score indicated a lower quality of life. Results: The self-reported dry mouth in the employees in the social welfare facilities varied by the general health status, stress, oral health status and oral malodor. The self-reported dry mouth was closely related to the quality of life and the four subfactors including dryness of skin, eye, lip and nasal mucosa. The quality of life had the influence on the self-reported dry mouth, nasal mucosa dryness, eye dryness, and oral malodor in order. Conclusions: The self-reported dry mouth was closely related to whole body dryness and the quality of life. It is necessary to develop the quality of life improvement programs that prevent and manage the dry mouth and whole body dryness in the employees in the social welfare facilities.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2004

Objectives : Halitosis is a common human condition, exact pathophysiological mechanisms of which are unclear. This study, which investigates halitosis patients' characteristics and their related factors, was done with intent to establish a foundation for the Oriental Medical treatment of halitosis. Methods : 329 patients were surveyed by reviewing medical charts and questionnaires from the East-West Halitosis Clinic of Kyunghee Medical Center from May 1, 2001 to December 31, 2002. Sex, age, illness duration, coating on the tongue, postnasal drip, globus pharyngeus, indigestion, condition of feces, halimeter measurements and results of the salivary scans were analyzed. Results : The thick and yellowish coating on the tongue was not a major cause of halitosis in the patients studied. Among the halitosis patients, 21.6% complained of postnasal drip, 15.6% of globus pharyngeus, 37.4% of indigestion, and 23.8% of diarrhea or constipation, suggesting the possibility of extra-oral origin in oral malodor. Conclusions : This study suggests that, when treating halitosis patients, intra-oral causes of halitosis aside, Oriental Medical treatments such as solving qi-stasis(氣鬱), augmenting deficiency of the spleen qi(碑氣虛) and treating gastric fever(胃熱) constitute effective management for oral malodor patients.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information for improving oral health and dental hygiene through comprehensive dental hygiene care. The subjects in this study were 54 patients who had been treated for 4 weeks in clinic of the Dental Hygiene Department of G University under comprehensive dental hygiene control and care and measured their oral condition, intensity of oral malodor, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (S-OHI), and Modified Personal Hygiene Performance Index (PHP-M), and surveyed their oral health behavior and oral health consciousness. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The intensity of malodor decreased by 16.49ppb from 75.33ppb on the first visit to 50.84ppb on the last visit when the comprehensive dental hygiene care had been finished. 2. As to change in S-OHI according to gender between the first visit and the last visit for comprehensive dental hygiene care, S-OHI decreased from 2.89 on the first visit to 1.16 on the last visit, and the difference was statistically highly significant. 3. As to change in PHP-M index by tooth according to gender and age between the first visit and the last visit, PHP-M index of the first 6 teeth decreased very significantly from 0.50 on the first visit to 0.34 on the last visit. 4. As a whole, significant improvement was observed in every tooth. According to gender and age, PHP-M index for Tooth No. 26, 36 and 32 decreased significantly in men and women, and those aged under 30 and those aged 30 or over, but for Tooth No. 13 and 15 and 44 it decreased significantly only in men and those aged 30 or over, and for Tooth No. 44 only in men. As presented above, the oral health behavior and oral health consciousness of the visitors to the oral prophylaxis practice room are very important, and it is necessary to enhance their interest in and knowledge of how to improve oral health. Furthermore, comprehensive dental hygiene care required for improving the visitors' oral health.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2014

충치는 사람의 구강질환 중 가장 흔한 질환으로 Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)균이 초기 충치를 형성하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)는 대표적인 구취 유발균으로 구취 형성에 중요한 휘발성 황화합물을 생성하는데 관여한다. 치주질환은 치은결체조직과 치조골의 파괴를 유발하여 치아의 상실을 초래할 수 있는 만성 염증성 질환으로 Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia)가 원인균이다. 이번 연구에서는 cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium fluoride (NaF), 녹차 추출액, 솔잎 추출액을 유효성분으로 하는 마우스워시 제품을 사용하여 S. mutans 균을 포함, 구강질환 균으로 널리 알려진 P. gingivalis, P. intermedia 대해 항균 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과 시험군의 경우 S. mutans, P. gingivalis 에 대해 30 s 내에 4.00 Log, 4.68 Log의 사멸력을 확인하였고, P. intermedia의 경우 30 s 2.40 Log, 60 s 2.70 Log 사멸력을 확인하였다. 또한 Dentocult SM Strip mutans (SM Strip) 염색방법을 적용하여 S. mutans 균의 감소여부를 시각적 자료로 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통해 CPC, NaF, 녹차 추출액, 솔잎 추출액을 포함한 마우스워시 제품은 구강균 사멸을 통해 충치 및 구취와 같은 구강질환 예방에 효과가 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2018

저자들은 2008년부터 2016년까지 고대의료원 구로병원 예방치과 구취클리닉에 내원한 구취 환자 중, 생리적 구취증 환자 171명에 대한 진료기록을 통하여 구취에 영향을 줄 수 있다고 인정되는 11개 독립변수들의 자료를 수집하였다. 이들 11개 독립변수들과 3개 종속변수들 중, 생리적 구취 발생에 융복합적 영향을 미치는 공통요인을 추출하여, 향후 구취 예방을 위한 구강보건교육자료 제작 등에 활용할 목적으로 본 연구를 시작하였다. 생리적 구취 발생과 밀접한 연관성이 있다고 알려진 안정 시 타액량, 타액 완충능, 타액 침전율의 3개 종속변수에 11개 독립변수들이 미치는 영향력을 다중회귀분석과 경로분석을 이용하여 분석하였고, 각 변수들의 기술통계적인 결과 분석과 함께, 3개 종속변수에 통계적으로 유의하게 직접, 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 공통적인 융복합적 독립변수 요인들을 추출한 결과, 성별, 식음규칙성, 성격, 조식섭식습관의 네가지 요인이 추출되었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.607-616
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed to enhance a rate of Using oral clinic and to search related factors of using oral clinics. Methods : The subjects of the study were 74,698 subjects who answered to the 2007 korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey. Answers of 73,836 subjects were used for the final analysis. We used spss of version 12.0. This study conducted a Chi-square test to identify using oral clinics rate according to characteristics of subjects and a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify whether they are independently significant. Results : Tooth scaling experiences were responded by 10,060 subjects(25.6%). Grade and metropolis, economic level had significant associations with using oral clinic experiences. The rate of using oral clinic showed significant difference in point, depending on general characteristics. Their oral health showed significant difference in point between using oral clinic experience and non-experience groups. According to the multiple logistics regression analysis whose significant independent variables were sex, grade, metropolis, economic level, blooding gum, tooth brushing, oral malodor. Conclusions : The policy is needed to prevent economic constraints from worsening oral health by supporting the poor. And our government should eventually prepare a public relation program suitable for public.