• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.366-377
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• 2010

인터넷과 모바일 등 정보화 사회가 급속한 변화를 가져오자 소비자 상호간의 관계를 어떻게 하느냐가 기업에 영향을 미치는 요인이 되었다. 기업들은 자사 브랜드를 중심으로 인터넷에 커뮤니티를 개설하고 있으며 소비자가 능동적으로 브랜드 커뮤니티를 형성하고 발전시키는 형태를 확산하고 있다. 따라서 소비자의 능동적 개입에 따른 커뮤니티 활동의 영향이 어느 정도이며 이에 대한 관리와 활용을 어떻게 효율적으로 할 것인가에 대한 방안을 분석을 통해 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구는 온라인 브랜드커뮤니티의 특성과 온라인 브랜드커뮤니티가 소비자태도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 온라인 브랜드커뮤니티가 브랜드 선택시 커뮤니티 태도가 브랜드 결정과 구전커뮤니케이션에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 연구하고자 한다. 연구는 온라인 대학생이 온라인 대학 선택시 커뮤니티 태도가 온라인 대학 브랜드결정과 구전커뮤니케이션에 어떤 영향이 있는지를 알아보고자 한 것으로 온라인 대학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구에 의하면 브랜드커뮤니티의 특성(정보의 신뢰성, 상호작용성, 편리성, 친밀성)에 긍정적 반응을 보였으며 소비자태도에서도 구매의도와 구전커뮤니케이션에서 긍정적 행동을 기대할 수 있다. 또한 브랜드커뮤니티의 특성이 구매의도, 구전커뮤니케이션에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다. 이런 연구를 바탕으로 소비자들이 브랜드커뮤니티 활동을 활발히 할 수 있도록 마케팅전략을 제시할 수 있다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2007

It has been well known that excitatory amino acids, primarily glutamate, are involved in the transmission of nociception in pathological and physiological conditions in the spinal and brainstem level. Recently, peripheral glutamate also play a critical role in the peripheral nociceptive transmissions. The present study investigated the role of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) or non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in formalin-induced TMJ pain. Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220-280 g. Intra-articular injection was performed under halothane anesthesia. Under anesthesia, AP-7 (10, $100\;{\mu}M$, $1\;mM/20\;{\mu}L$), a NMDA receptor antagonist, or CNQX disodium salt (0.5, 5, 50, $500\;{\mu}M/20\;{\mu}L$), a non-NMDA receptor antagonist, were administered intra-articularly 10 min prior to the application of 5% formalin. For each animal, the number of behavioral responses, such as rubbing and/or scratching the TMJ region, was recorded for nine successive 5-min intervals. Intra-articular pretreatment with 1 mM of AP-7 or $50\;{\mu}M$ CNQX significantly decreased the formalin-induced scratching behavioral responses during the second phase. Intra-articular pretreatment with $500\;{\mu}M$ of CNQX significantly decreased the formalin-induced scratching behavior during both the first and the second phase. These results indicate that the intra-articular administration of NMDA or non-NMDA receptor antagonists inhibit formalin-induced TMJ nociception, and peripheral ionotropic glutamate receptors may play an important role in the TMJ nociception.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 1995

P. intermedia are considered an important pathogen in adult periodontitis, rapidly progressing periodontitis, refractory periodontitis, pregnancy gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, pubertal gingivitis. So far 2 DNA homology groups and 3 serotypes of P. intermedia have been reported but there is no data available as yet regarding genetic diversity for the species P. intermedia. The purpose of this study is to investigate, using bacterial DNA restriction endonuclease analysis, genetic diversity between individual strains of P. intermedia which are indistinguishable by serotyping and biotyping, occurrence of an intrafamilial transmission and genetic heterogeneity between P. intermedia strains isolated within a patient and within the same serotypes. The families who have had no systemic disease, no experience of periodontal treatment for the previous 1 year and no experience of antibiotics for the previous 6 months were selected and subgingival plaque was collected at 4 sites in each person and incubated in the anaerobic chamber. P. intermedia were identified by colony shape, gram stain, biochemical test, SK-I03(Sunstar Inc.) test and IIF using monoclonal antibody was perfomed for the determination of serotypes. P. intermedia strains were grown in BHI broth and whole genomic DNA was extracted and digested by restriction endonuclease. The resulting DNA fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, stained and photographed under UV. As the results of this study, intrafamilial vertial transmissions could be assessed in 2 families and horizintal transmissions in another 2 families. There were different DNA digest patterns within a patient, so P. intermedia showed that individuals could be colonized by multiple clonal types at anyone time. And different serotypes could be found within a patient and in the same serotype within a patient, obvius genetic heterogeneity could not be assessed. But in the same serotype in different famies, there were differences in the DNA digest patterns.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2010

The domestic specialized coffee branch market is growing both in size and sales, and the competition between different brands is increasing. The goal of this study was to divide the customer's consumption motivations into utility usage motivation, hedonic usage motivation, and ostentation usage motivation and to determine how each motivation influences the attitude, satisfaction and loyalty toward the brand. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) Hedonic motivation and ostentation motivation with the exception of utility motivation were shown to have an effect on brand attitude. (2) Brand attitude was shown to have an effect on satisfaction and loyalty. (3) Satisfaction had an effect on loyalty. However, if the satisfaction was low, the intentions for subsequent visits and positive oral transmissions decrease. The result of this study showed that establishing positive brand attitude, satisfaction and loyalty to customers with pleasure and ostentation motivations is effective. Moreover, marketing activities such as cultural and playful events should be emphasized for customers with hedonic motivations, while environments with better atmosphere and careful service should be provided to customers with ostentation motivation.