• Title/Summary/Keyword: Optimum environment

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Design & Implementation of Receiver RF Block for PCS Mobile Station (PCS 단말기의 수신단 고주파부 설계 및 구현)

  • 안상면;양운근
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2000.06a
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    • pp.65-68
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, design parameters are investigated and design procedure is established for PCS mobile station, especially for receiver RF block. And simulation environment to analyze parameters of the receiver RF block to determine whether it satisfies the receiver standard, IS-98C, is calculated. Design parameters are simulated and optimized. With simulated results, PCS mobile station is implemented and tested. Measured results show good agreement with simulation Design procedure can be used to get optimum characteristics for each of receiver block. By using optimum characteristics, mobile station can be designed more efficiently.

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Estimating Optimum Investment Cost for Obsolete School Buildings (노후화된 학교건물의 적정시설투자비 산정모델 적용사례)

  • Huh, Young-Ki
    • The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.10-25
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    • 2011
  • Area Offices of Education in Korea assign and execute government budget based on the evaluation of school buildings' safety rating and degree of their deterioration. However, it is never easy to estimate the most appropriate investment amount for old buildings under consideration of their service lives and residual values together. A model of estimating optimum investment cost for obsolete school building is developed taking its life cycle cost into account. The model is also applied to six old buildings in five different schools and found that some of the facilities hardly needed further investment and were better to be rebuilt. The study results will be a great beneficial for officers to make right decision on maintaining obsolete school buildings and to maximize tax payers' money.

Performance of Selective Rake Receivers for Weak Signals in Impulsive Fading Channels

  • Kang, Hyun-Gu;Choi, Seung-Won;Oh, Jong-Ho;Song, Iick-Ho
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.209-212
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, based on a detection criterion proposed recently, we investigate the performance of selective rake receivers (SRRs) in fading environment exhibiting impulsive nature. Optimum and suboptimum SRRs for the impulsive fading channel are derived, and suboptimum SRRs with reduced complexity are obtained for practical purposes. Simulation results confirm that, when the noise is impulsive the SRRs designed for impulsive noise offer performance improvement over those optimized for Gaussian environment. The suboptimum SRR is observed to exhibit almost the same performance as the optimum SRR.

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A Study on the Prediction of Performance due to Cycle Simulation Model in Spark Ignition Engine (SI 기관에 있어서 사이클 시뮬레이션에 의한 성능예측에 관한 연구)

  • 한영출;이원일
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.91-101
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    • 1986
  • Relations of each factor affected by emissions and the prediction of performance have been analyzed numerically by cycle simulation in the Spark Ignition Engine. Through theoretical analysis and experiments, the results are obtained as below. The calculated results and the experimental ones are almost highly agreeable on cycle simulation model, exhaust gas analysis and efficiency for processes in cylinder. Therefore this model is proved appropriate and can be useful for optimum design of Spark Ignition Engines on parametric studies. It is reaffirmed that the Wiebe's function is suitable for predicting Combustion Ration in Spark Ignition Engines. On parametric studies, it is found that optimum conditions whose density of emissions are lower and efficiency is maximum within propriety value are crankangle ATDC $15^\circ-20^\circ$, 2400 rpm. A/F=16 in this experiment.

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An Optimum Light Environment Design of Double-Stack Bed System by using Genetic Algorithms (유전알고리즘을 이용한 2단재배 온실의 광환경 최적화)

  • Kim, Kee-Sung
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.53 no.6
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    • pp.93-100
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구에서는 자연광 이용 온실의 재배면적을 최대화 하기 위하여 작물생강 모델링, 태양의 위치 및 일사량을 이용하여 2단재배 시스템을 위한 한계일사량 산정 모델, 2단재배 광환경 분성 모델을 개발하였다. 그리고 광환경의 변화에 따른 작물 생장 지체시간을 이용하여 작물의 생산량이 최대가 될 수 있는 한계 일사량의 값을 산정하여 2단 재배 시스템을 최적 설계 하였다. 2단재배 시스템의 최적설계를 위한 분석결과 총 생산량이 약 3.669 kg (d.m.)${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}yerar^{-1}$이며, 기존 재배방식보다 130.2 %의 생산 증대 효과를 잦는 것으로 계산 되었다. 이와 같은 다단재배 시스템은 온실 내부의 공간을 효율적으로 이용하여 제배면적 대비 에너지 투입 비용을 절감 할 것으로 기대 된다.

Solubilization of Sewage Sludge by Microwave Pretreatment and Elutriated Acid Fermentation (Microwave를 이용한 하수슬러지의 전처리 특성 및 회분식 세정산발효를 이용한 슬러지 가용화)

  • Lee, Won-Sic;Hong, Seung-Mo;Min, Kyung-Sok
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.1130-1136
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    • 2006
  • This work elucidates the effects of pretreatment of the sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant by microwave irradiation on elutriated acid fermentation. These experiments typically fell into two process; pretreatment as microwave irradiation and elutriated acid fermentation for hydrolysis and acidification as main process of primary sludge. The results of maximum solubilization rate of B, D primary and secondary sludge were 0.042, 0.086 and 0.15 gSCODprod./gICODin and the optimum irradiation time of microwave on 2,450 MHz and 900 W were 5 min. for primary sludge and 7 min. for secondary sludge. From batch tests on elutriated acid fermentation that was used the pretreated primary sludge as microwave, the optimum pH and HRT (hydraulic retention time) were 7 and 5 days at $35^{\circ}C$ condition.

A Study on the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide for Exhaust of Car Engine by the $LaSrNiCoO_3$ Low Noble Metal Catalyst (저귀금속 $LaSrNiCoO_3$ 촉매에 의한 자동차 배기중의 일산화탄소의 산화반응에 관한 연구)

  • 이근배;이석희
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.57-72
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    • 1990
  • The oxidation of carbon monoxide on a catalyst, $LaSrNiCoO_3$ was investigatigated with a plug flow system. Kinetic quantities such as reaction-rate, reaction order and Arhenius-parameters at various reactor temperature from 200$^\circ$C to 300$^\circ$C were determined. Also, the optimum condition for the oxidation of carbon monoxide with this catalyst was determined and are as follows. Partial pressure of oxigen ; 428mmHg Partial pressure of carbon monoxide ; 332mmHg Mixed moral ratio of oxigen and Carbon monoxide ; 1.3 : 1 Total gas flow ; 224ml/min Reaction temperature ; 340$^\circ$C The reaction kinetic equation at the optimum condition, temperature range from 200$^\circ$C to 340$^\circ$C, are as follow. $$ $v = Ae^{6.5Kcal/RT} [CO]^{0.93 \sim 0.98} [O_2]^{0.42 \sim 0.50}$ $$ In addition to this, numerical calculation were performed to evaluate the mass and heat transfer effect on this system.

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A Study on Off-Gas Treatment of an Air Stripping Tower Using a Plasma Reactor

  • Lim, Gye-Gyu;Yoo, Ho-Sik
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.9 no.E
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    • pp.382-389
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    • 1993
  • An evaluation of a plasma reactor was conducted to investigate its potential as a feasible and economical off-gas control technology for an air stripping tower (AST). The plasma reactor was powered by an alternating current with frequencies up to 1000Hz. The study showed that over 90% conversion of gas-phase trichloroethylene (TCE) can be achieved. An optimum frequency for the laternating current existed for maximum power input. The optimum frequency was dependent on the reactor geometry and the primary voltage applied. for a fixed geometry, a plasma reactor has a limited capacity for flow rate. Even though it is a feasible process to control off-gases, further investigations should be conducted to develop a more economic process.

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A Study on Collection Efficiency of Pilot Electrostatic Precipitator (연소장치를 이용한 소형 전기집진장치의 집진 효율에 관한 연구)

  • 한재균;최금찬
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.125-131
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    • 1993
  • Electrostatic Precipitator has been widely used to get high efficiency which is required for collection of fine particles. In order to provide collection efficiency and size distribution data for a pilot electrostatic precipitator, a pilot study has been conducted on fly ash from pulverized coal burning apparatus. The aims of this study are to investigate characteristics of electric charge, to measure collection efficiency varied with the applied voltage, to get an optimum current and current density. Optimum current density was obtained to 0.7mA/$cm^2$ at the average electric field strength 2.33kV/cm in this experiment. Maximum particle collection efficiency was indicated 99.21% at the applied voltage 7kV. Finally, particle size distribution is also compared with photographic results. Both coarse and fine particles at the range of 0.5$\sim$2$\mu$m and 3$\sim$10 SEM $\mu$m were clearly removed by increasing applied voltage.

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