• 음성과학
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• 제2권
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• pp.109-124
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• 1997

This paper shows how a distinctive feature model can effectively be implemented into speech understanding within the framework of the Optimality Theory(OT); i.e., to show how distinctive features can optimally be extracted from given speech signals, and how segments can be chosen as the optimal ones among plausible candidates. This paper will also show how the sequence of segments can successfully be matched with optimal words in a lexicon.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.129-152
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• 2002

This paper argues for a need to adopt a conceptually radical approach to zero anaphora resolution in Korean. It is shown that a number of apparently conflicting constraints, mostly motivated by lexical, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic factors, are involved in determining the referential identity of zero pronouns in Korean. It is also argued that some of the major concepts of Optimality Theory can provide a good theoretical framework to predict the antecedents to zero pronouns in general. A partial formalization of 07-based constraints at the morpho-syntactic and lexico-semantical level is provided. It is argued that the lexico-semantic restrictions on adjacent expressions play the most important role in the anaphora resolution process along with a variant of the binding principle, formulated in semantic terms. Other pragmatically motivated constraints that incorporate some important intuitions of Centering Theory are proposed too.

• 영어영문학
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.459-474
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• 2009

The Journal of English Language and Literature. The purpose of this study is to provide an optimality theoretic approach to NPIs (Negative Polarity Items) in English and Korean by proposing three universal constraints. The constraints are C-command Condition (CCC): NPI must be c-commanded by a constituent with negative meaning; Locality Condition (LOC): NPI must be bound in the local domain; Subjacency: NPI licensing must satisfy Subjacency Condition (SBJ); Previous analyses have shown that these three constraints control NPIs in one way or another. This study attempts to demonstrate that NPIs in both English and Korean languages can be nicely accounted for by setting a different constraint hierarchy for the two independent languages. That is, by slightly changing the constraint hierarchy, distributional differences of NPIs in both languages can be accounted straightforwardly within the framework of Optimality Theory.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.557-567
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• 2004

We prove the sufficient conditions for optimality in differential inclusion problem by using the value function. For this purpose, we assume at first that the value function is locally Lipschitz. Secondly, without this assumption, we use the viability theory.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2017

The topic of selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase has long failed to attract the attention of linguists due to some difficulties not only in figuring out the internal structure of NP's conjoined by a correlative conjunction but also in its heavy dependency on the representational aspects each correlative conjunction demonstrates. In this paper, I have explored the seemingly complex patterns in the selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase in the frame of the Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993, 2008). I show that, with the help of three newly developed constraints such as MinDist, Focus, and PARSE which are ranked relatively to each other, an optimal grammatical subject out of two NP candidates conjoined by a correlative conjunction can be correctly selectable.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제20권1_2호
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• pp.209-224
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• 2006

This paper presents an optimization model with performance constraints for two kinds of graph elements layout problem. The layout problem is partitioned into finite subproblems by using graph theory and group theory, such that each subproblem overcomes its on-off nature about optimal variable. Furthermore each subproblem is relaxed and the continuity about optimal variable doesn't change. We construct a min-max problem which is locally equivalent to the relaxed subproblem and develop the first order necessary and sufficient conditions for the relaxed subproblem by virtue of the min-max problem and the theories of convex analysis and nonsmooth optimization. The global optimal solution can be obtained through the first order optimality conditions.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.576-582
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• 2022

In this paper, we discuss the relative positioning of Wh-related English prepositions in a Wh-interrogative construction within the Optimality Theory [1-2]. By employing the two key constraints such as ^*Prep-Str and Align which are developed for the positioning of Wh-related prepositions from Romance languages such as French and Italian [3] and for the positioning of Wh-related prepositions from the middle English prose from 1500 to 1900 [4-6], and by slightly modifying the constraint hierarchy of ^*Prep-STR >>Align into ^**PrepSTR <<>>Align, Choi argues that his new theory can properly explain the unique behaviors of English Whrelated prepositions being able to take two 'optional' operations such as pied-piping and stranding to find legitimate landing sites in a Wh-interrogative construction [7]. However, this new analysis again reveals the following critical problems: (1) Unlike the 'light' English Wh-related prepositions which can two optional operations for legitimate landing sites in a Wh-interrogative construction, 'heavy' Wh-related English prepositions are not allowed to have such two options: they take just one option of pied-piping only. Thus, (2) his argumentation based on the existing constraints and the modified constraint hierarchy is neither general enough nor proper to explain the issue of the relative positioning for all English Wh-related preposition cases. To include such exceptional syntactic property of the 'heavy' preposition cases within the Optimality Theory, we suggest a new constraint of ^*HPrep-STR ranked at the highest position of the constraint hierarchy to disallow a 'heavy' or multi-syllabic Wh-related English preposition to stay alone at the end of a sentence. The new final hierarchy of constraints we suggest to explain the exceptional positioning of 'heavy' Wh-related prepositions together with the other 'light' Wh-related prepositions in English Wh-interrogative construction will be as follows: ^*HPrep-STR>>Align<<>>^*Prep-STR.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2018

The Extraposition phenomenon in English has been analyzed mainly through two approaches: a derivational approach under the Principles & Parameters framework (P&P) and a representational approach under the early Minimalist framework (MP). The first one tries to understand the phenomenon as a result of the movement of a Big Subject first to the end of a sentence which is then followed by the insertion of an expletive 'it' to the empty Subject position. On the other hand, the second one tries to understand it by way of assuming a Big Subject originally base-generated at the end of a sentence which is followed by the insertion of an expletive 'it' to the empty Subject position. The two approaches, however, are not free from theoretical defects at all: the full derivational approach was under controversy in terms of (1) the failure of the Binding Theory and (2) its inability to suggest anything about the marginal reading issue. On the while, the representational approach has been argued (1) to violate the thematic hierarchy that should be kept in D-structure, and (2) to be also unable to suggest the slightest difference in marginal reading issue as the first one. In this paper I focus mainly on analyzing the 'It'-Extraposition phenomenon in the Optimality Theory. I will show that by way of (i) some newly developed constraints such as Subj., and AHSubj. and (ii) a constraint hierarchy of Subj.>>AHSubj., the controversies of 'It-Extraposition' such as (1) the analysis of construction and (2) the very closely related issue of 'marginal reading issue' can be explained properly.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2010

A generalized nondifferentiable fractional optimization problem (GFP), which consists of a maximum objective function defined by finite fractional functions with differentiable functions and support functions, and a constraint set defined by differentiable functions, is considered. Recently, Kim et al. [Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 129 (2006), no. 1, 131-146] proved optimality theorems and duality theorems for a nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional programming problem (MFP), which consists of a vector-valued function whose components are fractional functions with differentiable functions and support functions, and a constraint set defined by differentiable functions. In fact if $\overline{x}$ is a solution of (GFP), then $\overline{x}$ is a weakly efficient solution of (MFP), but the converse may not be true. So, it seems to be not trivial that we apply the approach of Kim et al. to (GFP). However, modifying their approach, we obtain optimality conditions and duality results for (GFP).

• 영어어문교육
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2002

Some Korean speakers have trouble in learning the correct pronunciation of many complex English words which have clusters in their onset and coda position. This study shows that the difficulties Korean students have acquiring English pronunciation partly come from syllable structure differences between English and Korean. We provide an analysis based on Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993) of the syllable structure difference and suggest that Korean speakers learn the different constraint ranking between English and Korean. This will offer Korean speakers with some helpful methods which will facilitate their learning.