• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2022

The timing of seed harvesting is an important decision in the management of seed orchards because it affects seed quality and yield. To investigate the effect of cone harvest time on seed quality and determine the optimal harvesting time, cones were regularly collected in seven times and germination tests were performed at each harvest time in two clonal seed orchards of Chamaecyparis obtusa. As cones developed, the percentage of seed germination increased before cone moisture content began to decrease significantly. The moisture contents of cones were highest at the first collection as 68.3% and 67.3% in Jeju and Gochang seed orchards respectively. At this time, germination speed was slowest, indicating poor seed vigour. The highest germination was found at the second stage in Jeju (36.5%) and at the seventh stage in Gochang (28.6%) seed orchard. The germination speed increased as cone moisture content decreased. Additionally, changes of seed vigour differed among the developmental stages in both seed orchards. Consequently, the optimal cone harvest time of C. obtusa seed orchards in Jeju was early September when high germination percentage was obtained. In Gochang seed orchards, late October was optimal cone harvest time when the germination speed was fast and the cone moisture content decreased.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.300-300
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• 2017

'Saemimyeon' a Tongil-type rice variety (Indica ${\times}$ Japonica), which contains high amylose contents is suitable for rice noodle production. Nowadays, the major parts of rice processing industry that includes products like rice flour and noodles are expected to partially replace wheat flour market. The volume of rice noodle market is getting bigger and can contribute to the rice surplus and farmer's income. This study was carried out to promote productivity and flour-making quality of 'Saemimyeon' by finding the most suitable transplanting and harvesting times. The transplanting days used were May $10^{th}$, May $17^{th}$, May $24^{th}$, May $31^{th}$, June $7^{th}$ and June $14^{th}$ and the planting distance used was 30 x 12cm. In addition, harvesting time was determined by days after heading time (40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 days). The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field in Miryang (Southern plain area of Korea) from 2015 to 2016. Our results suggest that the optimum transplanting days were from May $24^{th}$ to May $31^{th}$ which resulted to an average yield of 748~751kg/10a. Interestingly, yield was sharply decreased below 700kg/10a before May $10^{th}$ and after June $7^{th}$. The average grain filling rate before May $31^{th}$ was more than 83% but it declined to 75% after June $7^{th}$. The average temperature ranges from heading time to harvesting time was $ 21\sim25^{\circ}C$ and the estimated optimal temperature was $23.4^{\circ}C$ which is similar to May $24^{th}$ by regression equation. We found that the optimal harvest time was 45~50 days after heading time. It is hypothesized that low temperature at seed maturation time caused the lower grain filling rate therefore 'Saemimyeon' need to be transplanted before May $31^{th}$ for higher productivity. We found no statistical variation in amylose contents among experimental plots (28.2~30.4%). We conclude that the productivity of 'Saemimyeon' highly depends on temperature that is critical for grain filling stage controlled by transplanting time.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.464-470
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• 2018

Background: Ginseng produced by hydroponics can be cultivated without using agricultural chemicals; thus, it can be used as a raw materials for functional foods, medicines, and cosmetics. This study aimed to determine the optimal harvesting time to obtain the highest levels of ginsenoside and ginseng, as this was not previously unknown. Methods and Results: One-year-old organic ginseng seedlings were transplanted and cultivated using hydroponics for 150 days in a venlo-type greenhouse, using ginseng nursery bed soil and a nutrient solution ($NO_3{^-}-N$; 6.165, P; 3.525, K; 5.625, Ca; 4.365, Mg; 5.085, S; $5.31mEq/{\ell}$). Ginsenoside content and fresh and dry weights were higher at 120 days after transplanting than at 30, 60, 90, and 150 days. Total ginsenoside content was 11.86 times higher in the leaf and stem than in the root at 120 days after transplanting. Ginsenosides F1, F2, F3, and F5 were detected in ginseng leaves and stems. These chemical compounds are known to be effective in altering skin properties, including whitening, anti-inflammation, and anti-aging. Conclusions: Optimal harvesting time for ginseng cultivated using hydroponics was 120 days after transplanting when the biomass and ginsenoside content were highest.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1679-1685
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 무선전력 통신 네트워크에서 소스에서 목적지 노드까지 종단간 데이터 전송률을 최대화하기 위한 최적의 멀티홉 전송 방식을 제안한다. 에너지 하베스팅을 하면서 멀티홉 전송을 위한 프레임 구조를 제시하고, 노드간 서로 다른 에너지 수확량과 링크 품질을 고려하여 종단간 전송률을 최대화하는 각 노드의 전송 시간을 수학적 분석을 통하여 도출한다. 아울러, 고려하는 무선전력기반 멀티홉 전송의 시스템 모델링을 통하여 최적화 문제를 도출하고, 이 최적화 문제가 convex 함을 보임으로써 전역 최적해가 존재함을 증명한다. 이를 통하여 최적화 문제를 계산 가능한 형태로 변형하여 손쉽게 최적해를 찾는다. 제안한 최적 멀티홉 전송 방식은 모든 링크의 전송률이 같아지도록 노드별 전송 시간을 최적으로 할당함으로써 종단간 전송률을 최대화한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 2012

벼 수확동시 보리조파 전 적정 낙수시기는 배수가 불량한 전북통인 미사질양토에서 1. 토양수분이 많을수록 입모율이 감소하였다. 2. 토양수분이 많을 경우 콤바인 작업시 궤도의 침하로 작업시간이 길어졌으며, 수분함량이 적을 경우에는 작구부에 부하가 가중되어(경도증가) 작업시간이 길어지는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 낙수시기에 따른 보리생육 및 수량 등은 차이가 없었으나 수수는 낙수시기가 늦을수록 적었다. 4. 벼 수량과 천립중은 통계적인 차이는 인정되지 않았으나, 낙수시기별 현미 천립중이 21.7~22.2 g 범위로 낙수가 빠를수록 가벼워지는 경향을 나타내었다. 5. 이상의 결과에서 배수가 불량한 미사질양토에서는 토양경도와 작업시간을 감안한 적정 토양수분 함량은 33% 정도로 입모율 확보 및 수량증대에 좋을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2020

In the agricultural field, interests in research using robots for fruit harvesting are continuously increasing. Dual arm manipulators are promising because of its abilities like task-distribution and role-sharing. To operate it efficiently, the task sequence must be planned adequately. In our previous study, a collision-free path planning method based on a genetic algorithm is proposed for dual arm manipulators doing tasks cooperatively. However, in order to simplify the complicated collision-check problem, the movement between tasks of two robots should be synchronized, and thus there is a problem that the robots must wait and resume their movement. In this paper, we propose a heuristic algorithm that can reduce the total time of the optimal solution obtained by using the previously proposed genetic algorithm. It iteratively desynchronizes the task sequence of two robots and reduces the waiting time. For evaluation, the proposed algorithm is applied to the same work as the previous study. As a result, we can obtain a faster solution having 22.57 s than that of the previous study having 24.081 s. It will be further studied to apply the proposed algorithm to the fruit harvesting.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2015

이 연구는 맥류 곡실발효사료 조제를 위한 적정 수확시기 및 수확시기별 곡실 발효사료의 발효품질을 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 그 결과, 알곡의 수분함량은 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 이삭비율과 천립중은 맥종별 모두 출수 후 일수가 경과됨에 따라 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 알곡수량은 맥종 모두 수확시기가 늦어질수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 조단백질 함량은 수확시기가 늦어질수록 맥종 모두 높아지는 경향을 보였고, 조섬유함량은 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 조지방과 조회분 함량은 비슷하거나 약간 낮아지는 경향을 보였지만 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 곡실사료의 발효 전후 사료가치를 비교하여 보면, 일반성분들이 발효를 거친 후 약간 증가되는 경향은 있었지만 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 발효품질 면에서는 공시한 맥종 모두 수확시기가 늦어질수록 pH는 높아지고, 젖산함량은 유의적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 초산함량은 맥종 모두 수확시기에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 낙산은 검출되지 않았다. 따라서 수량과 발효품질을 고려할 때, 맥류 곡실사료 조제를 위해서는 겉보리과 쌀보리는 출수 후 35일, 밀은 출수 후 40~45일에 수확하는 것이 적당한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 LoRaEnergySim에 최적의 실시간 스케줄링 알고리즘으로 알려진 ED-H 스케줄링 알고리즘을 연동하여 LoRaWAN 클래스-A 단말기에 슈퍼 커패시터 기반의 에너지 하베스팅 시스템을 전원 공급 장치를 적용하였을 때 시간 제약성을 갖는 LoRaWAN 컨트롤러의 태스크와 응용 태스크의 실시간 스케줄링 알고리즘 간의 상호 시뮬레이션이 가능하도록 한다. 이를 위해 LoRaWAN의 상태와 상태 전환에 따른 시간과 에너지 특성을 로그 형태로 추출하고 타임 슬롯 기반의 ED-H 스케줄링 알고리즘에 적합하도록 태스크 모델을 수립하고 태스크가 CPU에 의해서 수행되는 특성에 따라 알고리즘이 시간 제약성을 만족하며 태스크를 수행할 수 있도록 확장하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 기법의 평가를 위해 LoRaEnergySim 시뮬레이션 결과가 제시된 동일 환경에서 패킷 송수신이 수행되는 것과 동시에 10%에서 90%의 CPU 점유율을 갖는 다양한 시간과 에너지 특성을 갖는 태스크 집합에 대해 ED-H 스케줄링 알고리즘을 수행하였으며, 실험 결과로 스케줄링 알고리즘에 따라 시간 제약성의 만족을 위해 슈퍼 커패시터의 에너지가 고갈되지 않는 한 태스크의 시급성을 우선하여 사용하는 것을 확인하여 상호 시뮬레이션의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.504-521
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• 2016

Recently, energy harvesting technology has been integrated into wireless sensor networks to ameliorate the nodes' energy limitation problem. In theory, the wireless sensor node equipped with an energy harvesting module can work permanently until hardware failures happen. However, due to the change of power supply, the traditional hierarchical network routing protocol can not be effectively adopted in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we improve the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol to make it suitable for the energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the cluster heads are selected according to the estimation of nodes' harvested energy and consumed energy. Preference is given to the nodes with high harvested energy while taking the energy consumption rate into account. The utilization of harvested energy is mathematically formulated as a max-min optimization problem which maximizes the minimum energy conservation of each node. We have proved that maximizing the minimum energy conservation is an NP-hard problem theoretically. Thus, a polynomial time algorithm has been proposed to derive the near-optimal performance. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed routing scheme outperforms previous works in terms of energy conservation and balanced distribution.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.4223-4239
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• 2016

In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) full-duplex relay network (FDRN) using simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, where a battery-free relay node harvests energy from the received radio frequency (RF) signals from a source node and uses the harvested energy to forward the source information to destination node. The time-switching relaying (TSR) protocol is studied, with the assumption that the channel state information (CSI) at the relay node is imperfect. We deliver a rigorous analysis of the outage probability of the proposed system. Based on the outage probability expressions, the optimal time switching factor are obtained via the numerical search method. The simulation and numerical results provide practical insights into the effect of various system parameters, such as the time switching factor, the noise power, the energy harvesting efficiency, and the channel estimation error on the performance of this network. It is also observed that for the imperfect CSI case, the proposed scheme still can provide acceptable outage performance given that the channel estimation error is bounded in a permissible interval.