• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.36D no.6
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• pp.61-70
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• 1999

An optical switch composed of three-identical, equally-spaced $Ti:LinbO_3$ waveguides and overlaid Al electrodes of CPW structure was designed and fabricated. Patterned Ti was diffused into z-cut $LinbO_3$ substrates at $1025^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours to make a three-waveguide directional coupler. $SiO_2$ buffer layer of $1.2{\mu}m$ was grown by the PECVD to reduce the propagation loss of TM mode, and Al electrodes were built on the layer for switching the guided beam. For an incident beam of ${\lambda}=1.3{\mu}m$, almost perfect optical coupling between two outer waveguides was observed. When an electric field was applied to detune the three waveguides anti-symmetrically, the optical switching phenomenon was successfully confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.420-427
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• 1993

Dielectric thin film mirrors are embedded in multimode and single-mode fibers by a fusion splicing technique. The fibers with $45{\circ}$ angled embedded mirrors serve as ultra-compact directional couplers with low excess optical loss of 0.2 dB for multimode and 0.5 dB for single mode at 1.3 ${\mu}m$ and excellent mechanical properties. The reflectance is wavelength dependent and strongly polarization depencient. Far-field scans of the reflected output power measured with a white-light source show a pattern which is almost circularly symmetric with aspect ratio of 1.09 at 5% of the peak power. The splitting ratio in a multimode coupler measured with a diode laser source is much less dependent on input coupling conditions than in conventional fused biconical-taper couplers, indicating that these couplers are less susceptible to modal noise occuring in optical fiber communication systems. Spectral properties of multilayer internal mirrors normal to the fiber axis have been investigated experimentally, and a matrix analysis has been used to explain the results.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2004

In this paper, 8-channel multiplexer with 100GHz channel spacing is fabricated. The 8-channel multiplexer is fabricated by connecting three cascaded Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) of optical fiber type, and each interferometer has the wavelength interval of 100GHz, 200GHz and 400GHz, respectively. furthermore, to acquire uniform insertion loss, it is fabricated by using Wavelength Flatten Coupler (WFC) in which the variation of insertion loss is low. Especially, the variation of wavelength interval in the output is explicitly simulated as a function of optical path difference, and the wavelength coupling process along with cascaded connection is discussed. $CO_2$ laser to adjust precisely the wavelength. In summary, The prototype composed by eight cascaded MZI has an insertion loss of 2.1dB, the bandwidth of 0.8nm at 5.5dB point, and channel crosstalk of 25dB Furthermore, the loss dependent on polarization is measured as 0.06dB.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 1997

We demonstrate the operating characteristics(center wavelength, bandwidth, TE/TM polarization, tuning range) of grating-assisted co-directional coupler(GACC) filter fabricated with InGaAsP compound semiconductor. A design of waveguide structure has been focused on the narrow bandwidth characteristics of the filter. Reactive ion etching technique was employed for the uniform waveguide formation. The bandwidths(FWHM) and center wavelengths of the fabricated GACC filter were measured by 1.5 nm and 1530.6 nm for TE polarization and 1.3 nm and 1494.0 nm for TM polarization. This is the one of the narrowest bandwidth at 1530 nm region ever reported. The center wavelength shifted form 1530 nm to 1538 nm when the current of 100 mA was injected at 4.5 mm-long device. Good agreement between the designed and measured operating characteristics for some waveguide structures is demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.274
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• pp.178-181
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• 2005

Silicon oxynitride (SiON) layers deposited upon a $SiO_2/Si$ buffer layer placed upon silicon wafers have been obtained by using PECVD from $SiH_4,\;N_2O$, and $N_2$. It can be seen that the refractive index, measured by using a prism coupler, for the SiON films can be varied between 1.4480 and 1.4958 at a wavelength of 1552 nm by changing the process parameters. Optical planar waveguides with a thickness of $6{\mu}m$ and a refractive index contrast ($\Delta$n) of $0.36\% have been deposited. Also, etching experiments were performed using ICP dry etching equipment on thick SiON films grown onto Si substrates covered by a thick $SiO_2$ buffer layer. A polarization maintaining single-mode fiber was used for the input and a microscope objective for the output at $1.55{\mu}m$. As a result, a low index contrast SiON based waveguide is fabricated with easily adjustable refractive index of core layer. It illustrates that the output intensity mode is a waveguiding single-mode.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.22-28
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• 2016

Energy consumption rapidly increases with industrial development. therefore an interest in the efficiency of various power converters is increasing. Especially, the field of high-efficiency small motors widely distributed for industrial and family use is considered a very important field in terms of efficient energy usage, and accordingly, in the field of small electric equipment, the use of BLDC that allows high-efficiency drive in an inductor gradually increases. However, for the BLDC drive, information on the position of the rotor is essential. Both methods using a magnetic encoder and an optical encoder to detect the information on the position of the rotor obtain the information by three position sensitive devices, and if any one of these position sensitive devices fails to function, no positional information can be obtained, so there is a limitation in implementing a position sensor with high reliability. In the paper, proposes a new type of encoder that can obtain the positional information on the position of the rotor using a single position sensor in order to overcome the issues that it has to use numerous signal flows and that the reliability is reduced for the acquisition of positional information generated by using multiple position detectors. The encoder in the proposed method replaced the function of generating positional information from multiple sensors with the shape of the encoder plate and the capture function of MICOM. In order to verify the validity of the position detection technique by the proposed encoder, a prototype was produced, and an experiment using the capture function of DSP was conducted through this.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1996

We have experimentally observed and theoretically analyzed the gain dependent optimum repetition rates of a hybrid-type active and passive mode locked laser pulses in an erbium-doped fiber laser of the figure-of-eight geometry by utilizing a nonlinear amplifier loop mirror (NALM) as a saturable absorber and a directional-coupler type electro-optic modulator as an active mode locker. Transform-limited mode-locked pulses of about 10 ps width were obtained at repetition rates which correspond to harmonics of the cavity fundamental frequency and depend on the optical amplifier gain in the NALM.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.462-469
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• 1996

1x2 방향성결합형 광 변조기를 LiNbO3 기판상에 양자교환에 의한 자기정렬 방식으로 제작하였다. 양자교환후 광 도파로의 안정을 위해 열처리를 하였다. 본 연구에서는 광 도파로를 제작한 후 열처리 시간에 의한 도파로의 굴절을 변화의 관계에 대하여 연구하였으며 전계효과가 우수한 자기정렬방식을 선택하였다. 제작된 1x2 방향성결합형 광 변조기는 변조전압 8.0V에서 크로스토오크가 -29.5dB의 매우 우수한 특성을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

The beam splitter is important in optical communication systems. in this work, thc quasi-state based on four-mode interference in thc MMI coupler is proposed, and so, device length is shorten to be 1/5 of general designed length. We designed thc polarization splitter based on thc concept of quasi-state. Thc analysis has been accomplished by thc effective index method(EIM) and thc mode propagation analysis(MPA) for given structure.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 1995

레이저 다이오드 구동 전류펄스기간의 발진주파수 변조와 간섭계 출력신호의 시간지연 샘플링을 이용하여 3x3 coupler등과 같은 특수 광부품을 사용하지 않고도 1개씩의 광원과 광검출기를 이용하여 측정신호의 변화방향과 함께 half fringe의 수를 count할 수 있으며 광연결선 주변환경의 변화에 의한 세기변화 에러도 피할 수 있는 간섭형 센서를 위한 새로운 신호처리방식을 제안하고 이 방식을 거울내장형 FP간섭계를 이용한 온도센서에 적용하였다. 온도센서소자로 cavity length가 1cm인 FP간섭계를 이용하여 실온에서 360.deg.C에 걸쳐 분해능 2.7.deg.C로 측정하였으며 이때 최대측정속도는 $ 1.378*10^{5}$.deg.C/sec로 계산되었다. 이 방식에서 분해능과 최대측정속도는 반비례 관계를 가지며 감지 광섬유의 길이에 비례하여 분해능을 높일 수 있다. 또한 6개까지의 센서소자를 한개의 광원과 광검출기로 모니터하는 다중화 센싱 또한 가능한 신호처리 방식으로써 불평형 간섭계를 이용한 모든 종류의 센서에 대해 적용이 가능하다.