• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.978-983
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• 1999

Background: Complement activation with transpulmonary leukocyte sequestration is considered a main mediator leading to ischemia-reperfusion lung(I-R) injury. We studied the role of leukocytes in the formation of I-R injury in ovine cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) model with a membrane oxygenator. Material and Method: Five sheep were used. CPB circuitry consisted of a roller pump(American Optical Corp., Greenwich, CT, USA) and a membrane oxygenator(UNIVOX-IC, Bentley, Baxter Health Corp, Irvine, CA, USA). The CPB time was fixed at 120 min. Ten minutes after the start of CPB, total CPB was established. Thereafter a total CPB of 100 min was performed, followed by another 10 min of partial CPB. The CPB was discontinued and the animals were fully recovered. For measuring left and right atrial leukocyte counts, blood samples were taken before thoracotomy, 5 min and 109 in after the start of CPB, and 30 min and 120 min after weaning. C3a was measured before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min and 120 min after weaning. Plasma malondialdehyde(MDA) was checked before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min after weaning. One to two grams of lung tissue were taken for water content measurement before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min after weaning. Lung biopsy specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy. Result: Of 5 animals, 4 survived the experimental procedures. Of these, 3 animals survived on a long-term basis. No significant differences in transpulmonary gradients of leukocyte were found and no significant complement activation was expressed by C3a levels. MDA level did not show significant changes related to lung reperfusion despite an increase after the start of CPB. On both light and electron microscopic examinations, mild to moderate acute lung change was observed. Interstitial edema, leakage of erythrocytes into the alveolar space and endothelial cell swelling were the main findings. Water content of the lung showed a slight increase after the start of CPB, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: These findings indicate that ischemia-repersusion lung injury may not be from complement activation-leukocyte sequestration but from another source of oxygen free radicals related to CPB.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2016

Objectives: This study examined the statistical relevance of whether the systemic predisposing factors affect the prognosis of surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). All cases had undergone bone biopsies to determine the characteristics of the mechanisms of BRONJ by optical microscopy. Materials and Methods: The data included 54 BRONJ cases who underwent surgery and in whom bone biopsies were performed. The results of surgery were evaluated and the results were classified into 3 categories: normal recovery, delayed recovery, and recurrence after surgery. The medical history, such as diabetes mellitus, medication of steroids, malignancies on other sites was investigated for an evaluation of the systemic predisposing factors in relation to the prognosis. The three factors involved with the medication of bisphosphonate (BP) were the medication route, medication period, and drug holiday of BP before surgery. The serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (CTX) value and presence of microorganism colony in bone biopsy specimens were also checked. Statistical analysis was then carried out to determine the relationship between these factors and the results of surgery. Results: The group of patients suffering from diabetes and on steroids tended to show poorer results after surgery. Parenteral medication of BP made the patients have a poorer prognosis after surgery than oral medication. In contrast, the medication period and drug holiday of BP before surgery did not have significance with the results of surgery nor did the serum CTX value and presence of microorganism colony. Necrotic bone specimens in this study typically showed disappearing new bone formation around the osteocytic lacunae and destroyed Howship's lacunae. Conclusion: Although many variables exist, this study could in part, predict the prognosis of surgical treatment of BRONJ by taking the patient's medical history.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.279-284
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• 2017

Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare and fatal disease that often mimics chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH); therefore, diagnosis of PAS is often delayed. Herein, a healthy 74-year-old man was presented with a 4-month history of dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed wall thickening and stenosis in the main pulmonary artery as well as in both proximal pulmonary arteries. In order to differentiate between unusual CTEPH, vasculitis, and PAS, we performed right heart catheterization and pulmonary angiography. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 21 mmHg, and there was severe pulmonary artery stenosis. Thrombi on the pulmonary arterial wall lesions were observed in intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography. Furthermore, the patient had a history of deep vein thrombosis. Therefore, we diagnosed unusual CTEPH. After 6 months of rivaroxaban anticoagulation therapy, a chest X-ray revealed a left lower lobe lung mass, and a positron emission tomography later showed hypermetabolic lesions in the main pulmonary artery wall, in both pulmonary arteries walls, in the lung parenchyma, and in the bones. A biopsy of the right proximal humerus lesion revealed undifferentiated intimal sarcoma. Pulmonary sarcoma is rare, but should be considered when differentially diagnosing main pulmonary artery wall thickening and stenosis. A positron emission tomography may aid in this diagnosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2022

Background Laminin 5, which is found in the basement membrane of dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), is a major adhesive component and associated with proliferating and migrating keratinocytes. In this study, we hypothesized that the topical application of the skin care products containing the novel peptides might restore the DEJ structure by deriving deposition of laminin 5 and promoting the keratinocyte migration. Here, we evaluated the restoration of DEJ by measuring the skin thickness. Methods Single-center retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 13 patients who underwent skin care using Baume L.C.E. (France, Laboratories d' Anjou) between January and March 2021. All patients applied the skin care agent for 2 weeks only on their left hand dorsum. Before the initiation of the application and after 2 weeks, both their hands were evaluated on photography and ultrasound. And the patients were asked to rate their satisfaction with the questionnaire after 2 weeks. Results There was no obvious improvement in photographic assessment and questionnaire. The post-pre difference of skin thickness in ultrasound images was, in left hand, 0.1 ± 0.37 in distal point and 0.1 ± 0.35 in proximal point; and, in right hand, 0 ± 0.17 in distal point and 0 ± 0.15 in proximal point, respectively. The pre-post difference was statistically significant in proximal point (p = 0.035). Conclusion Topical application of novel peptide derivative comprising laminin 5 demonstrated cutaneous changes including skin thickness, as assessed by ultrasound. Further studies using other modalities including dermal density measurement, three-dimensional photography, optical coherence tomography, or skin biopsy would be helpful to determine the skin-improving effects.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2022

다중 암의 동시 진단 기술에 대한 관심이 전 세계적으로 증가하는 추세이며, 진단 난이도를 낮추기 위해 혈액과 같은 미량의 바이오 유체를 이용하여 질병을 진단하는 미세 유체 소자 기반의 액체 생검 기술이 연구되고 있다. 바이오 유체를 이용하여 형광 영상 등을 통해 분석물질의 농도를 측정하는 광학적 바이오 센싱에 있어 민감도를 향상시키기 위한 기술개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 모세관력에 의한 자가구동 기반의 마이크로 채널의 기하학적 구조와 미세 유체 현상만으로 수동적 자기 혈장 분리 기술과 유체 혼합을 통한 분자 인식 활성화 기능을 구현하는 형광 다중 암 진단 센서 플랫폼 구조를 제안하고 설계하였다. 설계된 센서의 혈장 분리부의 성능에 영향을 미치는 파라미터를 확인하기 위해 채널의 수력학적 직경과 종횡비, 유체의 점도를 변수로 설정하여 딘 와류 형성 여부를 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였고 최적의 센서 플랫폼 구조를 제시하였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1000-1010
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• 2008

Objective : Hypothyroidism is a syndrome characterized by symptoms such as cold intolerance, or weight gain. Because of side effects of Western medicine treatment, interest in oriental medicine has been increasing. In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of Evodiae fructus and histological modification in hypothyroidism rat model induced by PTU(6-propyl, 2-thiouracil). Methods : After inducing hypothyroidism in the rats by PTU injections, we divided the rats into four groups, the Evodiae fructus 100 500, control, and $LT_4$ (levothyroxine) groups. After 2 weeks Evodiae fructus and $LT_4$ were administered, respectively. The weight was measured once a week. After sampling the blood for biochemical analysis to check the levels of $T_3$, $T_4$ and TSH, the thyroid tissue was removed, stained with H&E, and an image was obtained using an optical microscope. Results : Compared with normals, controls showed low $T_4$ and high TSH. The Evodiae fructus group showed a statistically meaningful $T_3$ increase to be dose related. But the levels of TSH showed no meaningful difference between the Evodiae fructus group and normals. About the biochemical tests(liver, kidney etc) and weight change, there was no meaningful difference between the Evodiae fructus group and controls. In the biopsy, the Evodiae fructus group showed thyroid tissue improvement compared to controls. Conclusions : These results show that Evodiae fructus stimulates the decreased functions of the thyroid, and also has thyroid cell protecting effects. The lab results also showed that Evodiae fructus is a safe substance that doesn't cause hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity. Therefore it is an effective substance in the treatment of hypothyroidism.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2002

저자 등은 폐결핵재발 후에 진행성의 호흡곤란과 만성기침을 호소하며 입원하여 흉부전산화 단층촬영 상에 폐포단백증의 특징적인 소견을 보이는 환자를 개흉 폐생검으로 확진하여 항결핵제 투여와 기관지폐포세척술로 임상적 호전을 보인 1예를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.757-767
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• 1999

Background: Diagnosis by smear and/or cultures of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis from body fluid or biopsy specimen is "Gold standard". However the sensitivity of the direct microscopy is relatively low and culture of mycobacteria is time consuming. Despite an explosion in the techniques of rapid identification of mycobacteria by molecular genetic means, it is laborious and expensive and then rapid, inexpensive serodiagnosis is interested in diagnosis of tuberculosis. But sensitivity and specificity of known serologic antigen is not full sufficient level and then new antigen develop and combination cocktails of new developed antigens by ELISA are needed. Method: To compare the efficacy of different mycobacterial specific antigen and to assess the applicability of the combination of several different antigens in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, five ELISA tests derived 14KDa, 16KDa, 19KDa, 23KDa, 38KDa were evaluated in 57 active pulmonary patient and 24 inactive post-therapy follow up patient and 48 normal control. Results: The optical densities of ELISA test with 14KDa, 16KDa, 19KDa, 23KDa, 38KDa were significantly higher in active tuberculosis cases than in normal control(P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.027, P<0.001, P<0.001) and those with 16KDa, 38KDa were significant higher in active tuberculosis cases than in inactive post-therapy follow up cases(P<0.01. P<0.001) and those of 14KDa, 16KDa, 23KDa, 38KDa were significant higher in inactive post-therapy follow up cases than in normal control(P<0.008. P<0.01. P<0.006. P<0.001). The sensitivity of 14KDa, 16KDa, 19KDa, 23KDa, 38KDa in active pulmonary patient cases was 42.1%, 43.9%, 15.8%, 28.0%, 70.2%, respectively and the specificity of 14KDa, 16KDa, 19KDa, 23KDa, 38KDa in active pulmonary patient cases was 95.8%, 95.8%, 91.7%, 89.6%, 93.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of combination 38KDa with 16KDa was 87% and 93.7%. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of new antigens for serodiagnosis of the tuberculosis still remains limited at around 70%, which makes its a poor diagnostic tool for disease confirmation. A combination of cocktail antigens provided by cut-off value adjustment for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis some improved diagnostic yield than single antigen serologic test.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.271-279
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• 1998

연구배경: 결핵의 유병률은 감소하는 추세이나 노인, 항암약물요법, HIV 감염 풍에 의해 면역기능이 약화된 환자에 있어서 결핵의 발생이 문제가 되고 있으며, 특히 다제내성균주의 출현은 큰 문제이다. 결핵진단법 중 체액에서 도말검사나 배양검사를 통해서 Myco-bacterium tuberculosis를 검출하는 것이 표준진단법이나, 도말검사는 상대적으로 민감도가 낮고 배양검사는 오랜시간이 소요된다. 중함연쇄반응을 이용하여 결핵균의 DNA를 검출하는 방법은 매우 민감하나 비용이 많이 소요된다. ELISA(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)를 이용하여 혈청에서 결핵균 특이항원에 대한 항체를 검출하는 방법이 객담도말음성인 활동성 폐결핵환자를 다른 비결핵성 폐질환으로부터 감별하는데 유용한지를 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법: 연세대학교 세브란스 병원에 입원한 183명의 객담도 말음성인 폐질환환자에서 항산균에 대한 객담도말 및 배양검사와 결핵균 특이 항원인 recombinant 38 kilo-dalton 항원과 culture filtrate항원을 이용한 ELISA 검사를 시행하였다. 결 과: 35명의 활동성 폐결핵환자 중 18명에서 배양검사상 Mycobacterium tuberculosis를 검출할 수 있었다. 38 kDa와 culture filtrate에 대한 흡광도는 활동성 폐결핵환자들에서 비결핵성 폐질환자들보다 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 활동성 폐결핵환자 중 객담배양양성과 음성군사이에 38 kDa와 culture filtrate에 대한 홉광도의 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p>0.05) 객담도말음성인 환자에 있어서 38 kDa과 culture filtrate의 민감도는 각각 20.0%와 31.4%였고 특이도는 각각 95.3%와 93.9%였다. 결 론: 객답도말검사 음성인 활동성 폐결핵환자에 있어서 ELISA를 이용한 38 kDa과 culture filtrate 항원에 대한 혈청항체검사법은 기존진단방법보다 낮은 민감도를 보여, 비결핵성 폐질환으로부터 활동성 폐결핵을 감별진단하는데 크게 도움이 되지 않을 것으로 여겨진다.