• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.483-493
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• 2010

Knock-out of a gene by insertional mutagenesis is a direct way to address its function through the mutant phenotype. Among ca. 15,000 gene-trapped Ds insertion lines of rice, we identified one line from selected sensitive lines in highly salt stress. We conducted gene tagging by TAIL-PCR, and DNA gel blot analysis from salt sensitive mutant. A gene encoding an oligopeptide transporter (OPT family) homologue was disrupted by the insertion of a Ds transposon into the OsOPT10 gene that was located shot arm of chromosome 8. The OsOPT10 gene (NP_001062118.) has 6 exons and encodes a protein (752 aa) containing the OPT family domain. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of OsOPT10 gene was rapidly and strongly induced by stresses such as high-salinity (250 mM), osmotic, drought, $100\;{\mu}M$ ABA. The subcellular localization assay indicated that OsOPT10 was localized specifically in the plasma membrane. Overexpression of OsOPT10 in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice conferred tolerance of transgenic plants to salt stress. Further we found expression levels of some stress related genes were inhibited in OsOPT10 transgenic plants. These results suggested that OsOPT10 might play crucial but differential roles in plant responses to various abiotic stresses.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2020

Purpose: Online and social media and mobile shopping are increasing and companies are required to provide personal information in order to supplement the non-invasive characteristics of the channels. With the increased provision of personal information, consumers' personal and social concerns about the prevention of personal information infringement are also increasing, and in response, personal or opt-in marketing has emerged to compensate for reckless information abuse. Despite the background of this emergence, the existing prior studies are limited to ignoring the negative feelings of consumers in the real world, including only the net function and positive effect of the opt-in mail. Research design, data and methodology: The research framework was intended to utilize the impact of human marketing activities on consumer attitudes combined with positive and negative factors. Factors that positively affect attitudes toward permation marketing were presented, such as informality, and perceived risks were presented as negative impact factors. Also, based on previous prior research, the prior factors of opt-in marketing were to present the effect on purchase intent through the medium of attitude toward opt-in marketing. Results: In this study, we used the framework of a two factor theory to address positive and negative factors as a leading factor in the customer attitude toward opt-in mail advertising, and as a result, functionality and personalization have a positive effect on customer attitude and perceived risk have a negative impact on customer attitude. In addition, it was confirmed that the customer attitude formed this way affects the intention to purchase again. Conclusions: This study suggests that we have demonstrated that marketing, an opt-in marketing that has been recognized as part of marketing that is deployed after obtaining customer consent, has been applied without any other marketing methodology. E-mail advertising at this point also provides practical implications that the system safeguards are in place under an opt-in protocol or system, and that even if an e-mail advertisement is carried out, customers will need to look at the level of awareness about the risks, and suggests that they need to consider the customer's journey that could lead to purchase at the content level.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제22권52호
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• pp.97-107
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• 1999

The asymmetric traveling salesman problem is a representative NP-Complete problem. Polynomial algorithm for this problem has not been yet found. So, many heuristic methods have been researched in this problem. We need heuristic methods that produce good answers for some larger problems in reasonable times. 3-opt is well known for the effective local-search heuristic method. It has been used in many applications of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem. This paper discusses 3-opt's properties and ineffective aspects and presents a highly effective heuristic method. 3-opt does not consider good arcs(shorter distance or little cost). This paper presents a fast heuritic algorithm compared with 3-opt by inserting good arcs and deleting related arcs later.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2001

아직까지 시도된 바 없는 살균성 phenylthionocarbamate 유도체들의 phenyl-치환기가 변화함에 따라 TOPKAT 계산으로 예측된 다양한 급성 및 만성 독성값에 미치는 정량적인 분자구조와 독성과의 관계 (QSTRs)를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 기질분자의 구조변화에 따른 독성치와 그의 판별점수 (D.S.) 에 기초하여 분자 중 특정부분 (fragment)이 양 (+)의 값으로 독성에 기여하는 대체적인 순서는 Aro. C=C, -O-, -NH- 및 할로겐 (X) 원자의 순이었다. (2) 대부분의 화합물들은 매우 높은 돌연변이와 발암성이 예측되었으며 특히, 치환기의 위치에 관계없이 fluoro-치환체는 $B_2$상수에 따른 입체효과 ($(B_2)_{opt.}=1.54{\AA}$)에 의하여 모두 100% 돌연변이를 발현한 반면에 trifluorornethyl-치환체는 돌연변이 발현 가능성이 전혀 없었다. (3) 가장 높은 독성 발현조건은 phenyl-치환기에 대한 소정의 적정값으로 돌연변이성에는 $(B_2)_{opt.}=1.54{\AA}$, 발암성에서 수컷 rat와 mouse는$(R)_{opt.}=0.16$ 및 $(\pi)_{opt.}=0.16$ 그리고 rat의 경구독성은 $LD_{50};({\varepsilon}LOMO)_{opt}=-0.52e.v.$, chronic LOAEL; $(B_3){opt.}=1.54{\AA}$, 어독성은 ${LC_50}$; $(logP)_{opt.}=4.25$ 및 물벼룩에 대한 독성은 $EC_{50};({\sigma})_{opt}=-0.68$를 나타내는 경우 이었다. (4) 돌연변이성에는 할로겐 중, fluoro-기를 위시하여 nitro 및 methyl-기 등의 순서로 기여하였고 phenyl 고리 상, 치환기의 위치와 전자 수수관계에는 대체로 무관한 경향을 나타내었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.581-590
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• 1991

This study was carried out for the comparison of the head postures between mouth breathers and normal nasal breathers. For this purpose, a test group of 28 mouth breathers, between the ages of 8 to 12 years old and a control group of 25 nasal breathers were used. Following results were obtained after comparing the craniofacial and craniocervical angulations to the True Vertical line. 1. In the comparisions relating to the True Vertical Line, results were obtained using four items; NSL/VER, FH/VER, NL/VER, PMV/VER. Variations were observed in all the items and the craniofacial angulations in the mouth breathers group showed more superior position compared to the control group. 2. In the comparisions relating to the craniocervical angulations, results were obtained using four items; NSL/OPT, FH/OPT, NL/OPT, PMV/OPT. Variations between the two groups were observed only in the PMV/OPT item and the mouth breather group showed more craniocervical angulations compared to the control group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.305-315
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the changes of head posture according to natural standing or sitting posture. Twenty seven healthy dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders participated in this study. Cervical resting posture (CRP) of the head in sagittal plane was measured by Cervical-Range-of-Motion $^\textregistered$(CROM, U.S.A.) and lateral cephalograph was taken in natural posture. The items related to angle in cephalograph were the angles of cranial and cervical inclination to true vertical line(VER/NSL, VER/AML), the angles of cervical inclination to nasion-sella line(CVT/NSL, OPT/NSL), the angles of comical inclination to horizontal line(CVT/HOR, OPT/HOR), the angle of cervical lordosis(CVT/OPT). The items related to line measurement were the distance from subocciput to Cl(Dl), Cl to C2(D2), C2 to C3(D3), C3 to C4(D4), the upper(PNS to posterior pharyngeal wall) and the lower(tongue base to posterior pharyngeal wall) pharyngeal space, the distance from nation to mention(Na-Me), and the radius of comical curvature from the first comical vertebra(Cl ) to the fifth cervical vertebra(C5). The data were analyzed with SAS/STAT program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Most items related to angular measurement showed significant difference between in standing and sitting posture. The angles of CRP, CVT/NSL, OPT/NSL, CVT/HOR, OPT/HOR, and CVT/OPT were high in sitting posture, but the angles of VER/NSL, VER/NSL were low in sitting posture. 2. In vertebral distance, only the distance between C3 and C4 was differed by the posture, which decreased in sitting posture. In sitting posture, the distance from nasion to menton(Na-Me) was longer, but the radius was shorter than in standing posture. 3. Correlationship in angular measurements was almost same in both postures. Ceervical resting posture(CRP) was correlated with VER/NSL, VER\ulcornerNSL was correlated with CRP, CVT/NSL, and OPT/NSL, VER/AML was correlated with CVT/HOR, OPT/HOR, CVT/OPT, and the angle of cervical lordosis(CVT/OPT) was correlated with the radius. 4. Correlationship in linear measurement was observed only in among D3, D4, and radius. And the Na-Me was not correlated with any other items. From this results, The author concluded that the head posture in sitting was mote backward extended than in standing.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2015

본 논문은 지금까지 해결하지 못한 난제 중 하나인 외판원 문제의 최적 해를 구하는 발견적 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 초기 경로를 결정하기 위해 기존의 DNN을 변형한 SW-DNN, DW-DNN과 DC-DNN을 제안하였다. 초기 해는 DNN, SW-DNN, DW-DNN과 DC-DNN을 적용하여 최소 경로 길이를 가진 방법을 선택한다. 초기 해에 대해 최적 해를 구하기 위해 먼저 삭제 대상 간선을 선택하는 방법을 결정하였으며, 이들 간선들에 대해 지역 탐색 방법인 k-opt 중에서 2, 2.5, 3-opt를 먼저 적용하고, 삭제 대상 간선들 중 삭제되지 않은 간선들에 대해 4-opt를 적용하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 대규모의 TSP인 26개의 유럽 도시들을 방문하는 TSP-1과 49개의 미국 도시들을 방문하는 TSP-2에 적용한 결과 모두 최적 해를 구하는데 성공하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 지금까지 발견적 방법으로는 TSP의 최적 해를 구하지 못한다는 미신을 타파하였고, TSP의 알고리즘으로 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.2655-2661
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• 2009

단채널 MOSFET의 열잡음 모델링을 위한 정밀한 잡음 파라메터를 유도하고 추출했다. MOSFET의 잡음 파라메터를 계산하기 위한 Fukui모델을 단채널에서의 기생성분의 영향을 고려하여 수정하였고, 기존의 모델식과 비교하였다. 또한 소자 고유의 잡음원을 얻기 위해서 서브마이크론 MOSFET의 잡음 파라메터(최소잡음지수 $F_{min}$, 등가잡음 저항 $R_n$, 최적 소스어드미턴스 $Y_{opt}=G_{opt}+B_{opt}$)를 추출하는 방법을 제시하였다. 이러한 추출방법을 통하여 프로브패드의 영향과 외부기생소자 영향을 제거한 MOSFET 고유의 잡음 파라메터가 RF잡음측정으로부터 직접 얻어지게 된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2001

오늘날 공급사슬경영(Supply Chain Management)은 우리나라뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 기업경영의 화두가 되고 있다. 이는 비용절감, 리드타임 단축, 서비스 수준 향상 등의 가치창출이 기업내부에서 뿐만 아니라 오히려 기업과 기업 간에서 더욱 큰 잠재력을 가지고 있음을 발견하게 되었기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 공급사슬경영의 논리적인 Frame work을 입증하기 위하여 최적화시스템을 시뮬레이션 한다. 최적화생산시스템을 이용하는 시스템 하에서는 생산 시스템의 문제를 효과적인 흐름의 통제라는 관점에서 파악하며. 생산 현장에서 발생하는 많은 문제가 이들 흐름을 방해하는 요인에 의하여 발생하고 있다고 간주하기 때문이다 이와 같은 실험을 통하여 본 연구에서는 최적화생산시스템의 시뮬레이션 결과를 제시하고, 이로써 공급사슬경영의 유용성을 입증하는데 그 의의가 있다

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1993년도 춘계공동학술대회 발표논문 및 초록집; 계명대학교, 대구; 30 Apr.-1 May 1993
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• pp.109-118
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• 1993

This paper describes the management of knowledge base and optimization models using knowledge-assisted optimization model formulation system UNIK-OPT (UNIfied Knowledge-OPTimization). We will illustrate UNIK-OPT with the case of production scheduling in refinery.