• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.195-215
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to present a specific set of home teaching methods in hopes to prevent slow learner of the elementary mathematics. This paper deals with the number and operations, one of five topics in the elementary mathematics A survey of two hundred elementary school teachers was made to see the teacher's opinions of the role of home studying and to concretize the contents of the research topics. There were asked which is the most essential contents for the concrete loaming and which is the most difficult monad that might cause slow leaner. And those were found to be; counting, and arithmetic operations(addition and subtraction) of one or two-digit numbers and multiplication and their concepts representations and operations(addition and subtraction) of fractions. The home teaching methods are based on the situated learning about problem solving in real life situations and on the active teaming which induces children's participation in the process of teaching and learning. Those activities in teaching each contents are designed to deal with real objects and situations. Most teaching methods are presented in the order of school curriculum. To teach the concepts of numbers and the place value, useful activities using manipulative materials (Base ten blocks, Unifix, etc.) or real objects are also proposed. Natural number's operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication are subdivided into small steps depending upon current curriculum, then for understanding of operational meaning and generalization, games and activities related to the calculation of changes are suggested. For fractions, this paper suggest 10 learning steps, say equivalent partition, fractional pattern, fractional size, relationship between the mixed fractions and the improper fraction, identifying fractions on the number line, 1 as a unit, discrete view point of fractions, comparison of fractional sizes, addition and subtraction, quantitative concepts. This research basically centers on the informal activities of kids under the real-life situation because such experiences are believed to be useful to prevent slow learner. All activities and learnings in this paper assume children's active participation and we believe that such active and informal learning would be more effective for learning transfer and generalization.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2017

Fires in tunnels are an international concern and fatal accidental fires in tunnels seem to occur on annual. They have the potential to become much worse int the future as more and longer tunnels are constructed and as traffic densities increase. This is a serious problem. The main purpose of this study is to develop operational procedures for fire brigades in road tunnel fires. This study discussed the past to see what can be learned from the incidents that have already done in tunnels. 73 cases of road tunnel fires domestic and outside of Korea were investigated and classified into 4 incident categories. Among them, 4 tunnel fires are highlighted, focusing on the activities of fire brigades and operation. Regarding the establishment of the strategies for fire fighting, 6 kinds of fire scenario curves have been deducted with regard to the relation between intervention time and heat release rate. It made the choice from the defensive or aggressive fire fighting activities depending on two criteria i.e. response limit and maximum response time. Road Tunnel Classification models can be useful when a fire brigade evaluates fire risk levels in the tunnels under its jurisdiction from the firefighting point of view and sets up preventive measures.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2002

The MSC is a payload on the KOMPSAT-2 satellite to perform the earth remote sensing. The instrument images the earth using a push-broom motion with a swath width of 15 km and a GSD(Ground Sample Distance) of 1 m over the entire FOV(Field Of View) at altitude 685 km. The instrument is designed to haute an on-orbit operation duty cycle of 20% over the mission lifetime of 3 years with the functions of programmable gain/offset and on-board image data compression/storage. The MSC instrument has one channel for panchromatic imaging and four channel for multi-spectral imaging covering the spectral range from 450nm to 900nm using TDI(Time Belayed Integration) CCD(Charge Coupled Device) FPA(Focal Plane Assembly). The MSC hardware consists of three subsystem, EOS(Electro Optic camera Subsystem), PMU(Payload Management Unit) and PDTS(Payload Data Transmission Subsystem) and each subsystems are currently under development and will be integrated and verified through functional and space environment tests. Final verified MSC will be delivered to spacecraft bus for AIT(Assembly, Integration and Test) and then COMSAT-2 satellite will be launched after verification process through IST(Integrated Satellite Test). In this paper, the introduction of MSC, the configuration of MSC electronics including electrical interlace and design of CEU(Camera Electronic Unit) in EOS are described. MSC Operation parameters induced from the operation concept are discussed and analyzed to find the influence of system for on-orbit operation in future.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.11b
• /
• pp.518-523
• /
• 2008

Using network communication, KTX OBCS is KTX's core device which inspects operation status of various electric equipments and supports driving command, train control, train's maintenance, train crew's driving. Since this device is manufactured as specialized system, being dependent on TGV manufacture specification and France's high speed train operation method, actual technic transfer is difficult. Therefore, there are many difficulties, since most of interface signals are connected with OBCS when function improvement, maintenance, various electric equipments(propulsion control device, auxiliary power supply device, door control device etc.) are replaced with localized ones, which are required in operational view after introduction of KTX. Ergo, this study would like to contribute to function improvement and maintenance's efficiency, furthermore to realize technical independence, escaping from dependency of developed foreign technology in high speed train and electric equipments, through KTX OBCS' function analysis and mutual interface information analysis with peripheral device(driver console, PID system, fault display device, various electric equipments).

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2018

In this paper, an activity-oriented usability model is proposed. The usability model contains two types of characteristics: special-type characteristics of usability and sub-characteristics of usability. Workability, study-ability, and playability are, but do not exhaust, examples of special-type characteristic of usability. They correspond to working, studying, and playing using the software product, respectively. They represent the goal of using and can overlap each other. They are usability too by themselves. Navigate-ability, data-prepare-ability, data-input-ability, response-wait-ability, output-examine-ability, and output-utilize-ability are typical examples of sub-characteristics of usability. They correspond to navigating, preparing data, inputting data, waiting response, examining output, and utilizing the output data, respectively. They are not usability by themselves. They constitute usability together as a group. Assessing is the fundamental and indispensable aspect of quality. Without assessing, the concept of quality has little practical value. Satisfaction, effectiveness, and efficiency are the most typical sub-characteristics of usability in existing quality models, which correspond to the evaluation criteria of usability. In the activity-oriented usability model, however, only the user's satisfaction is included: Satisfaction is regarded as the operational definition of usability in the user's view. As the result, usability can be interpreted as the 'goodness for using, which is evaluated by the user. 'Three fundamental principles regarding software quality models are proposed too in this paper: Principles of Parsimony, Cohesiveness, and Inheritance. Discussions illustrate well that typical existing usability models violate these basic principles. Many authors have tried to define general usability models which can be applied to most kinds of software. The dream of the general and universal usability model, however, may be an illusion. The activity-oriented usability model is expected to serve as a prototype from which specialized usability models can be derived.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.152-168
• /
• 2021

Purpose - This paper has an objective to suggest reasonable criteria in choosing Incoterms 2020 rules for efficient and effective logistics management in that the Incoterms rules affect not only the rights and obligations of the parties to the sales contract but also the control and management of logistics system and transaction costs in the transaction. Design/methodology - An analysis of the various factors is needed to assess the positive or negative impact on global value chain in choosing Incoterms rules from a total logistics view. This study analyzes the impact of which the content of individual incoterms rules can have on the operation of international logistics systems under the global value chain from a strategic perspective to suggest reasonable criteria for selection of Incoterms rules depending on the transaction situation. Findings - Results of this study shows that consideration of various aspects which includes the characteristics of the products, logistics capabilities, infrastructure, transaction volume, operational cost, customs regulations, tax and accounting should be reflected in choosing the appropriate Incoterms rules. Therefore, in order to minimize the total cost and improve logistics performance, it may be helpful to develop a decision support model which allows users to select appropriate Incoterms rules based on various influencing factors. Originality/value - This Study is different from previous research which has mainly focused on the rights and obligations of the parties to the transaction regarding the transfer of risks and costs under the Incoterms. In addition, this study has significance in that it provides implications for export and import companies that can be able to use Incoterms as a strategic tool to efficiently manage the global value chain and improve supply chain performance.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.9
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2022

The energy corporation of Kosovo continuously monitors and analyzes the impact of its own activities on the environment. Regarding the environmental situation, energy corporation of Kosovo- ECK regularly informs and reports objectively to the competent state institutions, local municipal institutions and interested parties. ECK, through numerous contacts with the competent authorities, firstly with different ministers, harmonizes the positions regarding environmental issues in the direction of achieving certain environmental standards or legal requirements in order to gradually be in accordance with them, based on the real possibilities, especially the financial ones. From this point of view, the environmental issue is very sensitive, quite complex and represents one of the biggest challenges of society currently and in the future. The researched variables show a continuous increase in the need for electricity production in Kosovo and this increase in production conditions a wide range of environmental impacts both at the local, regional and global levels. The aim of the work is to reduce the emission of pollutants through the main variables without inhibiting the economic development of the country, i.e. to bring the pollution as a result of the activities of the ECK operation into compliance with the permitted environmental norms. As a result of ECK's operational activities, the following follows: Air pollution mainly as a result of emissions from TCs in the air, transport, etc. Water pollution - as a result of technological water discharges, Land degradation - as a result of surface mining activities of the entire mining area. The purpose of the paper is to research and analyze the main water variables in the area of the Kosova B power plant, which is to determine the degree of their pollution from the activities of the power plants, as well as to assess the real state of surface water quality and control the degree of pollution of these waters. Methodology of the work: The analyzes of the water samples were done in the company Institute "INKOS" JSC by simultaneous methods using different reagents.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.335-346
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the contents of previous domestic studies on the components and measures of coaching leadership. The subject of analysis is the results of a survey on 224 coaches and a total of 85 coaching leadership-related papers published in domestic academic journals from 2011 to 2020. The results were as follows. First, while Stowell's view was most cited, he did not operationally define the components of coaching leadership. Second, Cho & Tak were the first to propose a coaching leadership scale in Korea. However, they acknowledged the instability shown in some of the items they had developed. The implications are as follows. When conducting coaching leadership research in the future, it is necessary to consider the operational definition of the coaching leadership components, the study of consistency with the coaching field for the developed components, and statistical verification.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.77-105
• /
• 2023

This paper investigates the management stability of KOSPI-listed energy public enterprises from the perspective of median voter theory. We analyze the profitability and stability of five energy public enterprises during the period 2011~2022, and conduct an empirical analysis to determine whether they are related to the preferences of median voters who can represent the general public. Our analysis of the profitability and stability of the energy public enterprises shows that the stability of their has been deteriorating in recent years. The results of the empirical analysis also show that the management stability of the energy public enterprises is related to the preference of median voter. Specifically, they indicate that when the median voter's income is smaller than the average income, the profitability of the utility decreases and the debt ratio increases. This paper suggests that from the median voter's point of view, excessive utility and energy bills may strengthen the incentives for governments and politicians to suppress rate increases, leading to lower profitability and higher debt for public enterprises.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.218-228
• /
• 2023

Maintaining sea superiority through successful mission accomplishments of warships is being proved to be an important factor of winning a war, as in the Ukraine-Russia war. in order to ensure the ability of a warship to perform its duties, the survivability of the warship must be strengthened. In particular, among the survivability factors, vulnerability is closely related to a damage assessment, and these vulnerability data are used as basic data to measure the mission capability. The warship's mission capability is usually measured using a wargame model, but only the operational effects of a macroscopic view are measured with a theater level resolution. In order to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of a weapon system in the context of advanced weapon systems and equipments, a warship's mission capability must be measured at the engagement level resolution. To this end, not the relationship between the displacement tonnage and the weight of warheads applied in the theater level model, but an engagement level resolution vulnerability assessment method that can specify physical and functional damage at the hit position should be applied. This study proposes a method of measuring a warship's mission capability by applying the warship vulnerability assessment method to the naval engagement level analysis model. The result can be used as basic data in developing engagement algorithms for effective and efficient operation tactics to be implemented from a single unit weapon system to multiple warships.