• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.192-211
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• 2018

With significant influences of old industrial complex in September 2009, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport chose the 4 districts for the first pilot project. In December 2014, the second pilot project districts were established. In addition, there were 10 districts in April 2016 and 5 districts in April 2016 as the third pilot project and 5 districts in March 2017 as the fourth pilot project. In order to promote smooth business operation of the recycling business, we introduced the effective area designation and special system as stipulated in Article 39.12-13 of the Industrial Location and Development Act revised in May 2015. The effective area, It is a method that can promote propagation and diffusion of the rehabilitation business through visualization by making effective the promotion of the rehabilitation business and by promoting the business in consideration of the geographical feature of the region and industry group, The setting of the unreasonable effective area is based on the criteria and classification of the plan and the objective promotion method according to the individual characteristics of the aged industrial park because the delay of the rehabilitation business and the possibility of the increase of many problems are presented Be sure to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the old industrial complex database were constructed and utilized to classify the types of recycling projects. Therefore, in this study, it is necessary to strengthen the competitiveness of aged industrial complex by examining the correlation between the diagnosis of 83 aged industrial complex sites and the rehabilitation projects supported by the Ministry of Land, and the types of business promotion for aged industrial parks. It can be used as a guideline for the feasibility of the project.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1992

Background: The prognosis of lung cancer remains poor and early detection and curative surgery is still the most effective treatment for many. In the early detection of lung cancer, sputum cytology and simple chest x-ray are used, but both of these tests are far from being perfect. So we studied the characteristics of patients diagnosed as lung cancer without demonstrable mass lesion on simple chest x-ray to help in the early diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 11 subjects who were diagnosed as lung cancer at Seoul National University Hospital between August 1986 and June 1989 and had no demonstrable mass lesion on simple chest x-rays. Results: Ten of 11 patients were male, 8 had a history of smoking, most frequent symptoms were sputum, cough, and hemoptysis, and 3 patients either had wheezing or stridor. In 3 of the cases, although there were no mass lesion, there were ill-defined infiltration, major fissure thickening, and fibrostreaky density mimiking tuberculosis where the tumor was eventually found and in one patient tumor was masked by a rib shadow. Also in one case, lateral chest film demonstrated a retrocardiac mass. Both bronchoscopy and computed tomogram were useful in the localization of the tumor. Seven of 11 had relatively early disease (less than StageII). Four of 11 are still alive without any evidence of recurrence between 2 and a half and 4 years after the operation. Conclusion: We conclude that in patients with respiratory symtoms in whom cancer cannot be ruled out, sputum cytology and lateral chest x-rays should be taken and that if necessary further studies like computed tomogram and bronchoscopy should be done to aid in the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

Purpose: Circular stapled gastrectomy has been the favored procedure with its feasibility and the shortened operative time, but anastomotic leakage, stenosis and bleeding have been reported as problems. The aim of this study was to identify what can be done to supplement the safety of this technique by examining the potential complications of performing circular stapled gastrojejunosomy after radical subtotal gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: As subjects, this study selected 1,391 patients who underwent gastrojejunostomy after radical subtotal gastrectomy because of gastric cancer at our Department of Surgery from Jan. 1998 to Dec. 2007. The patients were divided into Group I (n=479) who underwent hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy, Group II (n=48) who underwent linear stapled gastrojejunostomy and Group III (n=864) who underwent circular stapled gastrojejunostomy. Group III was re-divided into two subgroups on the basis of the point of time that a visual check was intraoperatively performed at the anastomotic site: Group III-A (n=198) before and Group III-B (n=666) after. The characteristics and complications of the patients were then compared. Results: For the comparison of the complications between Group I, Group II and Group III, anastomotic leakage was found in 7 cases (1.5%) in Group I, in 1 case (2.0%) in Group II and in 10 case (1.2%) in Group III, and anastomotic stenosis were found in 4 cases (0.8%) in Group I, 1 case (2.0%) in Group II and 5 case (0.6%) in Group III. Anastomotic bleeding was found in 32 cases (6.7%) in Group I, in 5 cases (10.4%) in Group II and in 67 cases (7.7%) in Group III. For the comparison of complications between Group III-A and Group III-B, anastomotic bleeding was found in 57 cases (28.8%) in Group III-A and 10 cases (1.5%) in Group III-B and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.037). Conclusion: Circular stapled gastrojejunostomy after radical subtotal gastrectomy is recommended because of the safety and feasibility of this technique, but bleeding at the anastomotic site may be the critical issue. In conclusion, direct inspection for bleeding at the anastomotic site during the operation will improve the safety of performing circular stapler anastomosis.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.967-1006
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• 2014

This study attempted to provide policy recommendations in promoting new cooperatives established in agriculture based on the 2012 Cooperative Act. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 195 newly established cooperatives as the policy target of this study. The new cooperatives were classified as three kinds namely as 'Business' Cooperatives', 'Consumers' Cooperatives', 'Social Cooperatives' based on their member attributes and objectives. Interesting to note that, all of these new cooperatives born by the new Act has taken the marketing business as their main stream business. Among the three types, 'Business Cooperatives' are ranked the highest amount of capital shares per person in average, having about 30 members in size. In categorization, 'Business Cooperatives' include farmer cooperatives as majority and employee cooperatives. They are usually involved in both production and marketing and even in processing activities, and have tried to secure their business performance by e-commerce and stable business contracts. Their diverse activities are highly associated with their local community. Consumers' Cooperatives include consumer cooperatives and stakeholder cooperatives in achieving welfare of members. This type has lower share in capital but has over 30 members in a cooperative, taking marketing (distribution) business as main and often take advantage of their social network and physical store. Regional relationships are less than producer cooperatives. 'Social Cooperatives' are established by public interest and have around 10 members and lowest per capital. their business and community activity is similar to the consumer cooperatives. This study recommends the needs of designing suitable business models by these three types of cooperatives in the future, while appropriating their membership size for their tangible business operations. The government policy direction should aim to develop their new business opportunities and its management stabilization, especially in conjunction with the existing agricultural cooperatives (Nonghyup). It must be rather than to provide simply policy supports for establishment. An in-depth study is recommended in this regard.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

In the past decade, we have observed rapid advances in the development of biochips in many fields including medical and environmental monitoring. Biochip experiments involve immobilizing a ligand on a solid substrate surface, and monitoring its interaction with an analyte in a sample solution. Metal nanoparticles can display extinction bands on their surfaces. These charge density oscillations are simply known as the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The high sensitivity of LSPR has been utilized to design biochips for the label-free detection of biomolecular interactions with various ligands. LSPR-based optical biochips and biosensors are easy to fabricate, and the apparatus cost for the evaluation of optical characteristics is lower than that for the conventional surface plasmon resonance apparatus. Furthermore, the operation procedure has become more convenient as it does not require labeling procedure. In this paper, we review the recent advances in LSPR research and also describe the LSPR-based optical biosensor constructed with a core-shell dielectric nanoparticle biochip for its application to label-free biomolecular detections such as antigen-antibody interaction.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2018

In Bunsen reaction section for the integrated operation of sulfur-iodine (SI) process, $I_2$ and $H_2O$ reactants are supplied as dissolved species in an $HI_x$ solution. Most of the $H_2SO_4$ product is found in the $HI_x$ phase when Bunsen reaction is performed using the $HI_x$ solution and $SO_2$ feed, so that the volume ratio of the $H_2SO_4$ phase to the $HI_x$ phase is very low. In this study, we investigated the effects of ultrasound irradiation on Bunsen reaction using the $HI_x$ solution to improve its phase separation performance. With ultrasound irradiation, the amount of $H_2SO_4$ moved to the $H_2SO_4$ phase from the $HI_x$ phase increased by up to 58.0 mol% and the volume of $H_2SO_4$ phase also increased by up to 13.1 vol%. In particular, the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the phase separation was improved with decreasing operating temperature, $I_2$ and $H_2O$ feed concentrations. The ultrasound irradiation induces the formation of additional $H_2O$ molecules by shifting microscopically the reaction equilibrium in the $HI_x$ phase. Afterward, the additionally generated $H_2O$ and isolated $H_2SO_4$ molecules form more $H_2SO_4{\cdot}xH_2O$ (x = 5-6) clusters that can be moved to the $H_2SO_4$ phase.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of several reheating treatments (immersing the package into hot water, heating the soup in the pot and convection ovens after taking out of the opened package. heating the soup package in microwave) on the sensory characteristics of cook-chill and sous-vide spinach soup. Sensory evaluations were made on 5 sensory attributes by a 12-member panel using quantitative descriptive analysis(QDA). The fresh cooked spinach soup had a significantly(p＜0.01) higher score in color than the reheated sous-vide one. The latter, however, had a significantly(p＜0.05) higher score in taste than the former. Overall acceptability of the sous-vide spinach soup was not different from that of fresh cooked one, which supports the potential of the product in foodservice operation for the efficient management of meal plan. Reheating treatments didn't show any differences in taste, flavor, color, texture, appearance and overall acceptability. Therefore, any reheating treatment nay be used for cook-chill and sous-vide spinach soup.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2003

All diets were based on feeds of fattening period pigs(LY x D, ca. 90 kg) with six treatments, which were the control, containing 5% beef tallow(C), 3% beef tallows and 2% perilla seeds oil(T1), 250 ppm vit. E(${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250 ppm vit. E in T3(T4), and 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(T5), respectively. Produced porks and their carcass characteristics were as follows. The daily gain of pigs was higher in T2 and 73 than any other treatments(p<0.05). Its T2 and T3 was 3.71 and 3.80 respectively, however, there was no significance in feed intake. The highest back fat thickness was shown in control group on market weight, while there was no significant difference on their initial weight. Loin-eye muscle area did not show any significant difference on initial weight and on market weight, however, its T5 was about twice as large as T2's. Content of triglyceride in blood was high in control group as compared to others; especially, the values for T3, T4 and T5 were significantly low(p <0.05). There was no significant difference in total cholesterol contents, and the ratio of HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol was higher in vit. E treated samples than untreated sample. Atherogenic index was high in sample with T3 and low in sample with T2. The perilla seed oil, squid fish oil, and vit. E decreased atherogenic index. Dressing percentage, back fat thickness, and grade did not show any significant difference(p >0.05); however, T2, C and T3, T1 and T5 showed 4.67, 4.29, 4.00 respectively, in grades.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.410-416
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• 2016

After the Sewol Ferry accident, the importance of maritime safety has been emphasized in Korea. In particular, educational and experience training are not only being conducted for maritime personnel but also in schools and at maritime-related organizations in order to broadly instill maritime safety awareness. Based on SOLAS regulations, safety education for sailors conducted every 10 days passenger boats, and fire-fighting drills and abandon-ship training should be conducted once a month on merchant ships. After the Sewol Ferry accident, the maximum number of trainees was reduced from 40 to 20 in order to improve the effectiveness of these training sessions by requiring all trainees to participate in the actual training. The current training process consists of two steps: textbook-based theoretical training and actual practice. Current training environment provides limited capability from human and facility recourses which limit the numbers of trainee participated and system operation time. By introducing the simulation training, it will improve the trainee skill and performance prior to the on-site training and allow the more effective and rapid progress on actual practice. Therefore, it will be proposed the three-step training method in order to improve the effectiveness on fire-fighting drill in Maritime Safety Education on this study. This study suggests a three step training method that would increase the efficiency of maritime safety education. An image-training step to enhance individual task awareness and equipment usage via simulation techniques after theoretical training has been added. To implement this simulation, a virtual training session will be conducted before actual training, based on knowledge obtained from theoretical training, which is expected to increase the speed with which trainees can adapt during the practical training session. In addition, due to the characteristics of the simulation, repeated training is possible for reaction drills in emergency circumstances and other various scenarios that are difficult to replicate in actual training. The efficiency of training is expected to improve because trainees will have practiced before practical training takes place, which will decrease the time needed for practical training and increase the number of training sessions that can be executed, increasing the efficiency of training overall. This study considers development methods for fire-fighting drill simulations using virtual reality techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2008

This study examined principles and techniques of efficient water quality management as well as total coastal pollutant loads and the relevant examples in the advanced countries from the viewpoints of water quality improvement and pollution control in coastal areas. The problems and improvements in an estimation of the current total pollutant loads were also pointed out. In addition, discussion was made on the relationship between total pollutant loads and environmental capacity as well as particulars requiring extensive examination on access to and study on water quality model used as prediction tool for marine environment. Furthermore, this study proposed details of and improvement plans for water quality control to be reflected and absorbed into systems and policies related to coastal water quality. In coastal areas, which are subject to total coastal pollutant loads, it is necessary to calculate pollutant loads reduction and allocation, to propose them in detail in statement in relations to new pollution sources for the corresponding projects or plans in environmental impact assessment and prior environmental review system. Also, in relations to regional plans for coastal management, the local government concerned must focus more on environmental management plan to implement data on pollution sources and pollutant loads flown into sea areas under basic jurisdiction, therefore it is required to actively respond to expansion and introduction of total coastal pollutant loads system in the future. Total coastal pollutant loads system must be expanded and executed by considering characteristics of sea area and changes in the environment of land. For pollution sources in land, the competent authorities in charge of coastal environment will need to initiatively administer supervision, monitoring activities and achieve integration and operation of the related laws by preparing legal bases for management system or adjusting the related laws.