• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2012

Compared to Packaged Terminal Air Conditioning Systems, Radiant Cooling Systems have the advantage of energy saving and thermal comfort. Thermally Activated Building System (TABS) is one of the radiant heating and cooling systems. The main difference between TABS and other radiant systems lies in the usage of the time-lag effect of storing heat energy in the concrete. Current energy usage in summer time is concentrated within a specific time by using Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioner (PTAC). Due to the time-lag effect of TABS, energy usage can be distributed to other time zones. To maximize this effect, it is important to determine the appropriate operating mode, which for TABS is dependent upon the cooling load generated by the occupancy schedule. In this study, occupancy schedules are determined for various residential types. The operating modes of TABS for these residential types are estimated by using a dynamic computational simulation method. The results indicate that the operating modes of TABS can be determined by residential type and occupancy schedule. The load handled ratio by TABS is set up differently according to the cooling load profile obtained from residential type and occupancy schedule. By using TABS, energy consumption could be reduced by 20% compared to PTAC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.24-30
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• 2013

To guarantee the exact control of missile warhead, it is inevitable to ensure the stabilities in the view points of structural and fluid/thermo dynamics of the rocket motor. Specially, despite of shortness in operating time of the rocket motor which is initial turning type of missile, it occurs frequently some problems of ablation at the neighborhood of the nozzle throat, with the result that the system itself gets to failure. In these connections, in the present study, the effect of the operating time of a rocket motor on the coefficient of convective heat transfer at the nozzle wall is investigated by numerical analysis. As a result, it is turned out that the heat transfer coefficient is largest at the just ahead of nozzle throat and decreases with the increase of operating time of the rocket motor. Furthermore, we found that the radius of curvature of throat becomes smaller, the maximum coefficient of convective heat transfer becomes larger.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.456-461
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• 2010

This study compares the criteria of earth leakage breakers (ELB) and analyzes the characteristics of an Igc-free ELB operated by an active component which is not misoperated by capacitive current. Even for the same ELB, the earth leakage current flowing through the human body is estimated to be differ greatly depending on the power source, voltage, location and status of contact, contact time duration, etc. Earth leakage breakers are classified based on the rated voltage, rated sensing current, rated operating time etc. Mounting and demounting of the existing equipment can be performed easily since an $I_{gc}$-free ELB is manufactured with the same structure as a conventional ELB. The rated operating current of a conventional and an $I_{gc}$-free ELB is 30mA, the sensing current is 25mA and the rated non-operating current is 15mA. In the analysis of non-operating current characteristics, the rated non-operating current of 15mA was satisfied up to a 20mA charging current in the conventional ELB, but does not satisfy the rated non-operating current as it operates when the resistive leakage current is lower than 15mA for a charging current exceeding 20mA. Also, the ELB is misoperated without a resistive leakage current when the charging current exceeded 25mA. However, the newly developed $I_{gc}$-free ELB satisfied the rated non-operating current even when the charging current was 60mA. Also, in comparison to the interrupting characteristics, it was confirmed that the charging current satisfying the rated non-operating current of the $I_{gc}$-free ELB was three times higher than that of the conventional ELB.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2011

The OPRoS (Open Platform for Robotic Service) framework provides uniform operating environment for service robots. As an OPRoS-based service robot has to support real-time as well as non-real-time applications, application of Windows NT kernel based operating system can be restrictive. On the other hand, various benefits such as rich library and device support and abundant developer pool can be enjoyed when service robots are built on Windows NT. The paper presents a user-mode component scheduler of OPRoS, which can provide near real-time scheduling service on Windows NT based on the restricted real-time features of Windows NT kernel. The component scheduler thread with the highest real-time priority in Windows NT system acquires CPU control. And then the component scheduler suspends and resumes each periodic component executors based on its priority and precedence dependency so that the component executors are scheduled in the preemptive manner. We show experiment analysis on the performance limitations of the proposed scheduling technique. The analysis and experimental results show that the proposed scheduler guarantees highly reliable timing down to the resolution of 10ms.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.237-241
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• 2017

The tensile strength (TS) and elongation-at-break (EB) loss of a CR/CB rubber composite sample prepared for the automotive parts were measured after accelerated thermal ageing at temperatures of 100, 120, 140, and $150^{\circ}C$. The change in TS was observed to be linear from the master curve prepared using the time-temperature superposition-principle (TTSP). An Arrhenius type of shift factor, $a_T$ was used to predict the life time of the sample, and a plot of ln $a_T$ vs. 1/T was also shown to be linear. The activation energy ($E_a$) of the sample was calculated as 70.30 kJ/mole from the Arrhenius plot. The expected life time of the sample was predicted at the given operating conditions by applying Arrhenius analysis. Assuming the $E_a$ value was constant at lower operating condition, life time of the sample was calculated as 2.3 years when the life limit was set as time to reach the 20% decrease of the initial TS value at operating temperature of $40^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2022

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was developed to quantify the classification ability of marker values (covariates) on the response variable and has been extended to survival data with diverse missing data structure. When survival data is understood as binary data (status of being alive or dead) at each time point, the ROC curve expressed at every time point results in time-dependent ROC curve and time-dependent area under curve (AUC). In particular, a follow-up study brings the change of cohort and incomplete data structures such as censoring and competing risk. In this paper, we review time-dependent ROC estimators under several contexts and perform simulation to check the performance of each estimators. We analyzed a dementia dataset to compare the prognostic power of markers.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.1 s.114
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• pp.39-45
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• 2006

Fundamental informations on performance of sets of solenoid valve and nozzle were necessary to develop a target selectable spraying system. The experiments were performed for the sets of solenoid valves and flat spraying nozzles at 3 levels of the operating pressures, and the obtained results are as follows; Rise time of the system pressure to reach up to 90% of the operating pressure after the valve turned was affected by nozzle size and operating pressure. Maximum overshoot of the system pressure was about 170% not affected by the sets of valve and nozzle and operating pressure. The system pressure after its settle down within 5% of the set pressure showed good uniformity in any condition of the experiment as less as 2.3% of its coefficient of variation. Time requirement to lower the system pressure down to 50% after the valve power turned off was affected by valve and nozzle set and operating pressure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.160-162
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• 2004

실시간 운영 체제(Real-Time Operating Systems)는 시스템 동작이 논리적 정확성뿐만 아니라 시간적 정확성에도 좌우되는 운영 체제이다. 시간 결정성(Time Determinism)을 지키기 위해서는 시스템에서 발생하는 모든 사건에 대해서 예측이 가능해야 한다. 시스템에서 발생하는 사건은 인터럽트에 의해 처리되는데, 이것은 비동기적인 사건의 발생을 CPU에게 알리는 하드웨어 메커니즘으로서 인터럽트 서비스 루틴(Interrupt Service Routine ： ISR)을 통해서 인터럽트에서 처리해야 할 부분을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 인터럽트의 처리를 인터럽트의 인지와 처리로 분리할 수 있도록 LISR과 HISR을 설계로 구현하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2010

This paper aims to compare four operating priority rules of RMGC (Rail Mounted Gantry Crane) used in semi-automated container terminal. The four priority rules employed in this paper are FCFS (First-come-first-served), LCFS (Last-come-first-served), TOS (Turn-over-served) and NFS (Nearest-first-served). And to compare the four operating priority rules, this paper analyzed productivity of RMGC and CC (Container Crane), waiting time of YT (Yard Truck) and RT (Road Truck) in container yard, and turnaround time of RT in container terminal of each priority rule by using stevedoring simulation. As a result, NFS was evaluated as the best rule to improve the overall productivity of container terminal in terms of all criteria.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.206-209
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• 2004

We investigated response characteristics of liquid crystal display(LCD) with different operating mode of nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) such as $45^{\circ}$twist nematic (TN), $67.3^{\circ}$TN and ECB(electrical controlled birefringence) on a rubbed polyimide (PI) surface. The three kinds of LCD operating mode obtain stable EO performance. Low transmittances of the $45^{\circ}$TN and $67.3^{\circ}$TN cell on the rubbed PI surface were achieved by using low cell gap d. The fast response time of ECB cell among the three kinds of LCD operating mode was measured.