• 벤처창업연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2016

현 정부는 벤처 및 창업 활성화를 통한'창조경제'실현을 주요 정책과제로 발표하였으며. 이러한 창조경제의 구현을 통한 새로운 일자리 창출 및 창업정책 활성화를 위해서 창업교육은 무엇보다 중요한 과제라 할 수 있다. 교육과학기술부(현, 교육부)는 2012년부터 중장기적인 발전과제로 전국 61개 대학에 창업교육센터를 설치하여 창업문화 확산 및 창업교육 활성화를 위한 다양한 정책을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 산학협력선도대학(LINC) 지원사업 초기 61개 대학에 설치된 창업교육센터 운영현황 및 실태조사를 통해 창업 관련 분야의 정책 및 실무적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구는 해외 선진국의 창업교육센터 현황에 대한 선행연구를 통해 창업교육센터 운영현황 및 실태조사에 대한 설문지를 개발하였으며, 국내 창업교육센터를 대상으로 한 조사를 통해 창업교육센터의 조직구성 및 운영 현황, 창업교육 강좌현황, 학생창업 지원 및 창업문화 확산 등에 대한 실태를 분석하였다. 이러한 사례분석을 통해 향후 국내 대학 창업교육센터의 효과적인 운영 및 창의적인 창업교육프로그램 개발에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.327-335
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• 2014

최근 정부에서는 철도경쟁체제 도입에 따른 관제권 이관을 추진함에 따라 관련 기관간 첨예한 반응을 보이고 있어, 관제권 운영주체 선정에 대한 합리적 객관적 평가항목과 기준이 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 철도 관제권 운영주체를 선정하기 위한 평가항목으로 안전성, 보안성, 효율성, 공정성 등 5가지 항목을 도출하고, AHP분석을 위해 각 항목에 대해 3가지 수준으로 위계를 설정한 후, 각 항목별 가중치를 도출하였다. 관련 분야별 비교를 위해 평가항목에 대한 중요도를 철도운영자, 시설관리자 그리고 관련 학연전문가 그룹으로 나누어 설문 및 분석하였다. 분석결과 관제권을 담당하는 기관을 선정할 때 안전성이 가장 중요한 항목으로 도출되었으며, 이해관계에 따라 공정성 또는 보안성, 그리고 효율성 등이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 관제업무에 대한 적정 운영주체를 5점 척도로 평가한 결과 철도운영자가 2.75점, 그리고 철도시설관리자가 3.83점으로 향후 철도시장 다변화에 따른 관제권의 운영주체는 철도시설관리자가 더 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 향후, 철도 관제권 운영주체에 대한 선정 시 본 연구에서 도출된 평가항목 및 기준을 활용한다면 좀 더 합리적 객관적 운영주체 선정이 이루어 질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.231-266
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• 1997

TQM is a whole process of systemizing, documenting and measuring of service quality scientifically to achieve zero defects in product quality and to continue to improve the body of the product quality by itself. To have this process be improved continuously, first of all it needs to prepare an ideal environment to understand and to conform to its internal and external customers', that is every guests' and employees' expectations and demands. Then it has to be followed by the next step removing some negative aspects that could be derived from the first mentioned process The third step is to cut the cost be suitable compensation rather than an attitude trying to solve the problems in an easy way. The last essential factor for setting up TQM system is to make good use of the outstanding feature or process as it is reviewed against the superior benchmark. The purpose of this study is meet the customers' expectations and to maximize the hotel's profits by searching TQM(total quality management) strategy in hotels. To attain this research's objective, it follows these three details. Firstly, it defines TQM and its contents. Secondly, it provides the standard of hotel TQM throughout some case studies. Thirdly, it suggests TQM strategic plan in tourism hotel as one of professional management strategies. Two useful methods are used together to achieve the goal of this study. To confirm its theoretical consideration, descriptive studies by the research documents its theoretical consideration, descriptive studies by the research documents published in and out of the country is used. The other is case studies of TQM execution in real hospitality industry, which present the cases of the airline, Jefferson Memorial and the hotel. This research is targeting to demonstrate the successful TQM's exercise in a hotel industry by completing the theoretical studies and case studies on service product quality with an understanding of its importance. As it is said earlier, to lead to the successful TQM's practice, it is necessary to maintain a constant training of the employees. Secondly, it also must identify where it has to focus on to deliver a professional quality management. Thirdly, effective quality management organization needs to be build up. The manager's strong will to accomplish and the employee' active participations are the last condition to be succeed. Once again this study places an emphasis on the fact that TQM is critical to maximize the customers' satisfaction and the hotel's profitability. It is also very worthwhile to have every people working on front line recognize why the TQM is important and further more how they can contribute to improve their service quality by a positive participation and a careful observation of TQM's operating in their property.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2017

교통 분야에서 대표적인 공유 사례로 꼽히는 카셰어링(Car Sharing)은 한 대의 차량을 여러 사람이 짧은 시간 단위로 나눠 쓰는 이용 형태로써, 비영리 단체에서 운영하는 NFP(Not For Profit), 수익을 목적으로 민간 기업이 개인을 상대로 운영하는 B2C(Business to Customer), 개인과 개인이 직접 연결되는 P2P(Peer to Peer) 방식으로 운영형태가 구분된다. 이 중 P2P 카셰어링은 개인이 소유한 차량을 공유하는 방식이며 추가적인 차량 구매율을 감소시키고 유휴 차량을 최소화하여 교통혼잡완화 및 효율적인 교통수요관리가 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구는 공유 개념을 도입한 교통수요관리 정책 마련 및 지속가능한 교통 체계로의 전환을 위한 전략으로 P2P 카셰어링 도입 방안을 고찰하고, 도입 시에 예상되는 제약사항 및 운영활성화 방안을 제시하였다. 연구의 공간적 범위는 서울시 아파트 단지를 대상으로 하였다. 아파트 단지 내에서는 관리사무소 활용에 따른 운영적 측면에서의 지출규모 최소화가 가능하고 주차면 확보에 큰 문제가 없는 점 등이 P2P 카셰어링을 원활하게 운영할 수 있는 여건으로 판단되었다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to explore the introduction and activation of smart training for the effective training of vocational ability development of companies in the 4th industrial revolution era, we analyze the present status of smart training introduction and related difficulties and propose concrete activation plan. Research design, data, and methodology - Through the online survey, we tried to confirm the recognition of corporate about smart training. Questionnaires include what are the benefits, expectations, and difficulties of smart training, etc. The survey was conducted from August 21, 2017 to September 4, 2017. A total of 69 companies participated in the questionnaire. The questionnaire results were analyzed through frequency analysis and contents analysis. Based on the results of the questionnaire, we found out the cause of inhibition of smart training activation and suggested activation strategies. Results - The main reason for the provision of smart training is the expectation of the training performance and the recognition that it is possible to provide training in a flexible manner. The effectiveness of smart training operation was evaluated as a high level of contribution to the development of creative training course and the capacity of training institute. As a result of checking factors that hinders the activation of smart training, the most important reason is that the time and cost burden of the training institutes is excessive. The lack of expertise in the design of smart training courses and the burden of employers and trainees. Conclusions - In order to activate smart training, it is necessary to find solutions to the obstacles at the internal or external level of training institutions. The internal barriers to the training organization are lack of internal competence for preparation and course management. In this regard, we need to consider providing consulting, best practices or guidance in the process of designing and operating smart training. On the other hand, as an external obstacle factor, it is necessary to provide incentives to participate in smart training. In addition, further research is needed on strategies that can lead to participation in smart training from the viewpoint of employers and learners.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제17D권3호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2010

기업에서 경쟁이 심화됨에 따라 경쟁력의 원천 중 하나로 주목받고 있는 것이 지식이다. 이러한 지식자원을 공유하고 활용하기 위해서 국내외 지식경영을 수행하는 많은 기업들은 CoP(Community of Practice)를 운영하고 있다. 최근에 기업에서 운영하는 CoP는 본래의 비공식적이며 자발적인 성격에서 벗어나 조직의 전략적인 목적을 달성하기 위해 경영진들에 의해서 주도되며 공식적인 지원을 받고 있다. 하지만 기업의 이러한 전략적 운영은 본래의 성격에서 벗어날 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 CoP 참여자의 자발성마저 저해하는 상황이다. 특히 CoP 참여자마다 개인적 특성으로 인하여 참여동기와 선호하는 보상 유형에 차이가 있기 때문에 CoP 운영에 있어서 많은 주의가 필요하다. 본 연구는 CoP를 운영하는 기업 내 CoP 참여자 114명의 설문분석을 통하여 참여동기와 보상유형을 살펴보고, 참여동기-보상 간의 적합성이 어떻게 참여자들의 CoP 몰입과 지식공유활동에 영향을 끼치는 것인지를 실증분석하였다. 분석 결과, 즐거움, 호혜성, 심리적 보상, 금전.지위보상 등이 참여동기-보상 적합에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났고, 이러한 동기-보상 적합이 CoP 몰입을 이끌며, 궁극적으로 몰입이 지식공유활동에 긍정적 영향을 끼쳤다. 즉, 내적동기, 외적동기, 내적보상 및 외적보상들이 상호 복합적으로 연관작용하여 CoP 몰입과 지식공유활동에 영향을 끼친다는 점에서 기업들은 CoP 활성화를 위하여 동기적 측면과 보상적 측면을 충분히 고려해야 할 것이다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1227-1259
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• 2014

이 연구는 수단의 농촌지도사업의 시스템과 모델, 당면과제, 정부조직구조를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 수단의 농촌지도사업은 다양한 정부기구와 사업체에 의하여 수행되고 있다. 농업 및 관계부 산하의 농촌지도사업청은 2000년에 새로운 시스템을 시작하였다. 이 시스템은 새로운 농민조직의 적극적인 참여를 이끌어내기 위하여 제도적인 정비와 농촌지도사업을 추진하기 위하여 것이다. 지도사업과 농업연구사업체 (ARC) 간의 연계는 오랫동안 수단의 농업 및 관계부 산하에서 이루어져 왔지만, 개발도상국이 직면한 가장 큰 문제는 연구와 지도간의 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않는 점이다. AR의 효율성을 제고하기 위한 세 가지 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지도요원이 모든 ARC에 배치되어야 한다. 둘째, ARC는 농업개발전문가 이거나 농업체계연구 전문가를 증가시켜야 한다. 이들은 역할은 농민의 요구에 맞게 연구결과를 전달하는 것이다. 셋째, 연구자들은 현지농장에서 더 많은 연구를 수행해야 한다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the degree of utilization of outsourcing in large hospitals in Korea. We also investigated the outcome and the level of satisfaction for adopting outsourcing in these hospitals. Types of work areas that were currently operated by outsourcing and were planned to adopt outsourcing in the future were identified. A total of 83 hospitals were eligible for this study, which had more than 500 beds, and were identified from the 2003 National Hospital List published by the Korean Hospital Association. A self-administered Questionnaire survey was conducted between April 25th and May 20th in 2003 with a personnel being charged of arrangement of outsourcing in each hospital. Among the 58 hospitals responding the survey(response rate=69.9%), 49 hospitals(84.5%) utilized outsourcing in at least one work field in their organizations. The largest proportion of the hospitals(85.7%) using outsourcing responded that the biggest outcome after introducing outsourcing were cost reduction(49.0%), followed by improved efficiency in operating the organization or human resources(34.7%) and the improved quality of the work(6.1%). The degree of satisfaction for outsourcing among the hospital managers(3.43) was significantly higher than that among the employees(3.l4) on a S-point Likert-type scale(p<0.05). Among the 7 work areas, the hospitals used outsourcing most frequently in facility management(housekeeping, building maintenance, hospital security and parking management), followed by non-medical profit business(funeral, convenient store, and cafeteria), logistics(provision of patient meal, in-house delivery, and purchasing), and information and computing system(hospital information system, maintenance of personal computers and printers). The work areas that the hospitals planned to adopt or expand the outsourcing in the future most frequently were facility management, non-medical profit business, logistics, and information and computing systems. In conclusion, outsourcing was highly diffused in large Korean hospitals, particularly in the work field of facility management and non-medical profit business. The satisfaction for outsourcing was not high yet in Korean hospitals.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1485-1491
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• 2015

There are two treatment processes that are currently applied to ships are the biological treatment process using the activated sludge and the electrochemical treatment. However, neither of them are able to remove both nitrogen and phosphorus due to their limited ability to remove organic matters, which are main causes of the red tide. This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of nitrogen removal factors from manure wastewater by replacing the final settling tank in SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) process and applying immersion type hollow fiber membrane. SBR process is known to have an advantage of the least land requirement in special environment such as in ship and the immersion type hollow fiber membrane is more stable in water quality change. As the result, the average in the cases of DO (Dissolved Oxygen) is 2.9(0. 6~3.9) mg/L which was determined to be the denitrifying microorganism activity in anaerobic conditions. The average in the cases of ORP (Oxidation Reduction Potential) is 98.4~237.3 mV which was determined to be the termination of nitrification since the inflection point was formed on the ORP curve due to decrease in the stirring treatment after the aeration, same as in the cases of DO. Little or no variation in the pH was determined to have positive effect on the nitrification. T-N (Total Nitrigen) removal efficiencies of the finally treated water were 71.4%, 72.3% and 66.5% in relatively average figures, thus was not a distinct prominence. In being applied in ships in the future, the operating conditions and structure improvements are deemed necessary since the MEPC (Marine Environment Protection Committee). 227(64) ship sewage nitrogen is less than the standard of 20 Qi/Qe mg/L or the removal rate of 70%.

• 인문언어
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• 제6권
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• pp.147-166
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• 2004

Whitehead's discussion of language is not to be found in any one book or article. It is interwoven with his discussion of many other questions. He was, however, greatly concerned with the problem of symbolism in general and the uses of language. He regards language, spoken or written, as an instrument devised by men to aid them in their adjustment to the environment in which they live Language is used for many specific purposes in the process of this adjustment. Words are employed not only to refer to data and to express emotions. They may be used also to record experiences, and thoughts about these experiences. Worts also function as instruments in the organization of experiences as they are considered in retrospect. Thus words free us from the bondage of the immediate. And Whitehead's theory of meaning is implicit in his discussion of the functions of language. According to him, the human mind is functioning symbolically when some components of its experience elicit consciousness, beliefs, emotions, and usages, respecting other components of its experiences. The former set of components are the 'symbols', and the latter set constitute the 'meaning' of the symbols. Whitehead points out that one word may have several meanings, i.e. refer to several different data. In order to understand, thus, the meaning to which a word refers, it is sometimes very important to appreciate the system of thought within which a person is operating. Further, Whitehead's discussion of language includes a number of cogent warning the deficiencies of language, and hence the need for great care in the use of words. In fact, language developed gradually. For the most part we have created words designed to deal with practical problems. Attention focuses on the prominent features in a situation, in particular the changing aspects of things. With reference to such data our words are relatively adequate. However, this issues in an unfortunate superficiality. The enduring, the subtle, the complex and the general aspects of the universe do not have adequate verbal representation. for this reason, Whitehead's position concerning the uses of language in speculative philosophy is stated with pungent directness. The uncritical trust in the adequacy of language is one of the main errors to which philosophy is liable. Since ordinary language does not do justice to the generalities, profundities and complexities of life, it is obvious that philosophy requires new words and phrases, or at least the revision of familiar words and phrases. Proceeding to develop the theme Whitehead contends that words and phrases must be stretched towards a generality foreign to their ordinary usage. In the same vein Whitehead refers to the need to realize that language which is the tool of philosophy needs to be redesigned just as in physical science available physical apparatus needs to be redesigned. But even these words and phrases, stretched or redesigned, are never completely adequate in philosophical speculations. They are, in his opinion, merely a great improvement over ordinary language or the language science, mathematics or symbolic logic.