• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.316-323
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• 2004

최근에 개발된 차량은 고성능 고출력 엔진을 탑재하는 경향에 따라, 주행 중 발생되는 외부소음에 대한 민원이 증가되고 있다. 본 시험에서는 법의 규제를 받는 차량 외부에서 발생하는 소음에 대한 소음원 규명을 위하여 납차음법 (lead wrapping method)을 사용하여 정의된 각각의 소음원을 하나씩 열어 가면서 가속주행 소음시험을 실시하여 소음원을 측정하고 기여도를 산출하였다. 시험의 결과를 이용하여 소음저감 대상순서를 설정하였으며, 효과적인 소음저감 대책에 대한 방안을 수립하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.36-47
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• 1999

Three-way catalyst converter, cleaning up the exhaust gas contamination of SI engine, has the best efficiency when A/F ratio is near the stoichiometry . The feedback control using oxygen sensors in the exhaust manifold has limits caused by the system delays. So the accurate measurement of air flow rate to an engine is essential to control the fuel injection rate especially on transient condition like the rapid throttle opening and closing. To measure the rapid change of flow rates. the air flow meter for the engine requires quick response, flow reversal detection, and linearity . Tjhe proposed integration type air flow meter (IFM), composed of an ultrasonic flow meter with an integration circuit, has significantly improved the measurement accuracy of air mass inducted through the throttle body. The proposed control method estimated the air mass at the cylinder port using the measured air mass at the throttle . For the fuel dynamic model, the two constant fuel model is introduced . The control parameters from air and fuel dynamics are tuned to minimize the excursion of the air fuel ratio. As a result A/F ratio excursion can be reduced within 5% when throttle rapidly opens and closes at the various engine conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.647-655
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• 1997

The purpose of present study is to investigate the influence of a spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid B($GABA_B$) receptor on a central regulation of blood pressure(BP) and heart rate(HR), and to define its mechanism in the spinal cord. In urethane-anesthetized, d-tubocurarine-paralyzed and artificially ventilated male Sprague-Dawley rats, intrathecal administration of drugs were carried out using injection cannula(33-gauge stainless steel) through the guide cannula(PE 10) which was inserted intrathecally at lower thoracic level through the puncture of a atlantooccipital membrane. Intrathecal injection of an $GABA_B$ receptor agonist, baclofen(30, 60, 100 nmol) decreased both BP and HR dose-dependently. Pretreatment with 8-bromo-cAMP(50 nmol), a cAMP analog, or glipizide(50 nmol), a ATP-sensitive $K^+$ channel blocker, attenuated the depressor and bradycardic effects of baclofen(100 nmol), but not with 8-bromo-cGMP(50 nmol), a cGMP analog. These results suggest that the $GABA_B$ receptor in the spinal cord plays an inhibitory role in central cardiovascular regulation and that this depressor and bradycardic actions are mediated by the decrease of cAMP via the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and the opening of $K^+$ channel.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

건설현장에서 흔히 발생하는 안전관리 문제점 중 시정조치 지연으로 인해 발생하는 재해율을 낮추기 위해, 기존의 시스템 중 점검 후 시정조치를 할 때까지 발생하는 시간을 단축하기 위하여 사전에 사고유형 데이터베이스를 구축하고 점검시 유사도 검사를 이용하여 점검자에게 문제점을 실시간으로 알려주어 현장에서 바로 시정조치를 수행할 수 있는 시스템을 모델링하여, 안전사고에 보다 적극적으로 대처할 수 있는 시스템을 연구하였다. 연구 결과 90 %이상의 개방 효과와 60 %이상의 안전사고 감소율이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 시스템을 기반으로 음성 인식과 딥러닝을 결합하여 보다 효과적인 시스템을 지속적으로 연구 할 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.955-962
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• 2000

Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) such as Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was shown to be the powerful tool for nano-scale characterization of a fracture surface . AFM was used to study cross sectional profiles and dimensions of fatigue striations in 2017-T351 aluminum alloy. Their widths (SW) and heights (SH) were measured from the cross sectional profiles of three-dimension AFM images. The following results that will be helpful to understand the fatigue crack growth mechanism were obtained. (1) Coincidence of the crack growth rate with the striation width was found down to the growth rate of 10-5 mm/cycle. (2) The relation of SH=0.085(SW)1.2 was obtained. (3) The ratio of the striation height to its width SH/SW did not depend on the stress intensity factor range K and the stress ratio R. (4) Not only the SW but also the SH changed linearly with the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) when plotted in log-log scale. From these results, the applicability of the AFM to nano-fractography is discussed.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.80-88
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• 1997

An experimental investigation of the fatigue through crack growth behavior under simple stepped variable loading condition has been performed using Al7075-T651. Experiments were carried out by using cantilever bending type specimens, with chevron notches on a small electro-magnetic test machine. Tensile overloads have a retarding effect on the fatigue crack growth rates, therefore tensile overloads were used for the beneficial effect on the fatigue life. While in most cases compressive overloads have only a vanishing effect on crack growth rates, some experiments with single edge crack tension specimens reveal a marked growth retardation. The stress ratios used in this investigations varies from R=0.32 to 0.81, from R=0.04 to 0.76, from R=-0.15 to 0.73, and from R=-0.33 to 0.68 and the peak load for each case was not varied. The crack growth and crack closure were measured by Kikukawa's compliance method with a strain gauge mounted on the backside of each specimens. The results obtained are as follows. When the stepped variable load was applied, the smaller the stress ration was, the larger the delayed retardation of the crack growth rate was. The fatigue crack growh rate data obtained for through cracks were plotted well against the effective stress intensity factor range from 4.0 to 20.0MP{a^{SQRT}m}. It was found that the effective stress intensity factor range ratio was related well to the opening stress intensity factor, the maximum stress intensity factor, and crack length.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2010

In this paper the numerical methods of finding out the optimal position of optical phase conjugator (OPC) and the optimal fiber dispersion are proposed, which are able to effectively compensate overall channels in $16{\times}40$ Gbps WDM system. And the compensation characteristics in the system with two induced optimal parameters are compared with those in the system with the currently used mid-span spectral inversion (MSSI) in order to confirm the availability of the proposed methods. It is confirmed that the reception performances are largely improved in the system with the induced optimal parameters than in the system with MSSI through the analyzing the eye opening penalty (EOP) and bit error rate (BER) characteristics. It is also confirmed that two optimal parameters depend on each other, but are less related with the procedural problem about the first optimal value among these parameters.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2011

With hydraulic noise test facility, a variety of tests were performed to investigate the pulsation pressure generation mechanism and its transmission characteristics and to derive the noise control methodology. Many experiments were carried out by changing average pressure, flow rate, pump speed, hose length and MCV spool condition. From the test results, the correlations between pulsation pressure and other design parameters, such as static pressure, flow rate and MCV spool opening area and length of hose, were found out. And also each contribution factors were evaluated from the regression analysis. By changing hose length, the pulsation pressure resonance phenomenon was investigated. In order to find out the pulsation pressure reduction measures pulsation pressure analysis, such as pulsation pressure of hydraulic pump itself and pulsation pressure of hydraulic system, by using AMESim were studied. In addition hydraulic silencer was developed based on the Helmholtz resonator. And its performance was evaluated by installing the silencer at the excavator.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 채수율 향상을 목적으로 채굴공동의 대형화를 계획하는 주방식 하이브리드 채광법이 적용되고 있는 갱내 석회석 광산에 대해 갱내절리면 조사, 시추코어 분석, 암석물성시험 등을 통해 굴착손상영역의 범위와 물성의 변화양상을 실험적으로 규명하였으며, 이를 불연속체 수치해석에 직접 반영하여 대형 채굴공동의 안정성을 분석하였다. 채굴공동이 대형화할수록 굴착손상영역의 영향은 커질 수 있음이 확인되었으며 이를 통해 굴착손상영역을 제어할 수 있는 고정밀의 발파패턴이 대안으로 제시되었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2000

Background: The CarboMedics prosthetic heart valve was produced in an attempt to improve the existing valve designs and was especially concerned with easily the implantation and further reduction of turbulence. Precise positioning of the valve in situ was achieved by the abilityof the valve to rotate relative to the sewing ring. Improved monitoring is possible due to increased radiopacity and the dacron sewing ring is coated with carbon to reduce pannus overgrowth. The leaflets have an opening angle of 78 degrees that apparently allows a rapid synchronous closure The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical performance of the CarboMedics valve prostheses(45 mitral 13 aortic and 7 double aortic-mitral valve replacement) were implanted in 65 patients(mean age 48.75$\pm$9.74 years) Result: The operative mortality was 3.1%(2/65) causes of death were low cardiac output syndrome. Total follow up was 1831 patient-months and mean follow up was 29.06$\pm$10.97 months/patient. No structural failure hemorrhage valve thrombosis and late death have been observed. Embolism occurred at a rate of 0.65%/Patient-year. Actuarial survival and thrombo-mbolism free rate at 36 months were 96.9% and 98.4% respectively. Consclusions: The CarboMedics valve stands for low valve related complicatons.