• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2000

US3 gene is a member of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate early gene. Although the precise functions of the US3 gene in HCMV replication and pathogenesis are not known, it has been reported to play a role in inhibiting major histocompatibility class I antigen presentation. For further knowledge of US3 gene expression, rabbit polyclonal antiserum of the US3 gene product was used for indirect immunofluorescence assay. In permissive human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells, US3 gene expression was detectable as crescent or half-moon shape in the perinuclear region at immediate early times after virus infection. HFF cells infected with mutant HCMV lacking US3 open reading frames were negative for US3 immunofluorescence assay. Double immunofluorescence assay using monoclonal antibody to gamma adaptin (specific for the Golgi complex) and rabbit anti-US3 antiserum revealed that US3 gene product could be localized to the Golgi complex. At later time after HCMV infection, US3 gene products were detected as globular aggregates in the cytosol. These aggregates were positive for gamma adaptin and stained with preimmune serum, suggesting a nonspecific reaction to the Golgi complex. Northern blot analysis revealed that transcription of US3 was observed only during immediate early times after virus infection (until 6 h postinfection). Therefore US3 gene expression appears to be confined to immediate early time and its gene products are localized to the Golgi complex as crescent shaped forms in the perinuclear cytoplasm.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2010

The seed powder of Abrus precatorius L. has traditionally been used as oral contraceptive agent by the women in some rural areas in Bangladesh. The present study aimed to examine the antifertility activity of A. precatorius seed extracts in experimental female rats. Finely ground seeds were extracted with aqueous acetone followed by successive partitioning with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH) and water. Water suspended crude seed powder, organic fractions of acetone extract and a standard contraceptive drug ($Nordette^{(R)}28$) were separately administered orally to the female rats for 30 days. n-Hexane, EtOAc and MeOH solubles at the doses of 2, 4 and 6 mg/rat/day, respectively and crude seed powder at 100 mg/rat/day exhibited 100% antifertility activity with lowest levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and $17{\beta}$-estradiol. Histological study of ovary and uterus of these rats exhibited reduced number of developing follicles and increased number of atretic follicles in the ovary, and fewer uterine glands with shrunken morphology, reduced endometrial height, poor vascularity and compact stroma in uterus. However, the activities of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and the body weight of the rats remained almost unaffected in all the seed extract treated rats compared to control. These results suggest that A. precatorius seed extracts reduced the levels of serum FSH, LH and $17{\beta}$-estradiol probably by affecting hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The reduced levels of these hormones might have affected the oestrous cycle, follicular development, and subsequently the establishment of pregnancy in treated rats.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2002

지식기반 사회에서 지식이 조직의 자산으로 인식되면서 지식의 효율적 관리 및 활용 필요성과 함께 지식경영이 주목을 끌게 되었다. 지식경영을 위해서는 조직구성원들이 업무를 수행하면서 얻은 노하우나 경험과 같은 지식을 조직 차원에서 공유하는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 자신의 지식은 자신만이 가지고 있기를 원하고, 다른 사람의 지식은 알아내서 갖고 싶어하는 것이 일반적인 사람의 성향이다. 그래서 조직 안에서 조직 구성원들 각자의 지식을 서로 공개하고 공유하려는 노력은 극히 부진한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 조직 내에서 지식공유의 필요성에 대한 인식의 결여와 이를 위한 프로그램이나 공동의 노력이 극히 부진한 원인과 지식공유가 성공적으로 이루어질 수 있는 방안을 조직문화의 변화로부터 찾고자 하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tricalcium phosphate and Vitapex on the dogs' periapical tissues. Twenty mandibular premolars from 5 healthy dogs were used for this study. After the animals were anesthetized intramuscularly, pulp chambers were open and pulp tissue was extirpated with a barbed broach and H-file. Then the working length of the root canal was measured with H-file and pulp tissue was completely removed. Before the actual canal filling, the root canals of twenty teeth have been experimentally infected with opening the pulp chamber for 5 weeks. Periapical radiographs of the experimental teeth were taken to monitor the periapical pathological condition. Each root apex of 20 premolars was perforated with engine reamer and the root canals were enlarged with No. 30-60 H-files. They were divided into treated as follows. Control group: The root canal was filled with gutta-percha. Experimental group 1: The canal was dried with sterile paper points and mixture of tricalcium phosphate and physiological saline was overfilled beyond the root apex with a lentulo spiral. Then the root canal was filled gutta-percha and lateral condensation and the pulp chamber was filled with Caviton. Experimental group 2: The root canals were overfilled with Vitapex and were treated in the same manner as those in experimental group 1 At 1,2,3, and 8 weeks after experiment, the periapical tissues including the alveolar bone were fixed with 10% formalin solution for I week and decalcified with Plank-Rycho solution for 5 weeks. The specimens were embedded in paraffin and serial sections were cut into a thickness of 6 ${\mu}m$ at the plane of the root apex. Hematoxyline-eosin and Masson's trichrome stain were made for the histo-pathological examinations. The results were as follows: 1. Ingrowth of collagen fiber was observed from 1 week in control group and experimental groups. 2. The rate of bone formation of experimental group 1 was accelerated more than that of experimental group 2. 3. Resorption of cementum was seen in control group, but apposition of cementum was seen in experimental groups.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.599-610
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• 2013

This study was carried out to analyze the effect of a diet program for adult women on weight loss, BMI, eating habits, sleeping habits, health related indices. The subjects was 415 participants of the 10 weeks (20 time participation program). The data was collected by basic somatometry and HRV (Heart Rate Variability) / APG (Accelerated Plethysmograph) Analyzer. The average age, height, weight and BMI were 28.6 years, 162.1 cm, 62.8 kg and 23.9 $kg/m^2$, respectively. Their body types by BMI were under weight (1.2%), normal (45.8%), overweight (24.8%), mild obesity (22.7%) and obesity (5.5%). There were significant reductions of average weight (4.6 kg) and average BMI (1.75 $kg/m^2$) on the 10th week. There were positive changes in vascular age (50.4%), stress index (44.6%), fatigue index (43.9%), health index (54.5%) of the subjects during the program. There was a meaningful difference of the average variation for the vascular age, stress index, fatigue index, and health index between two groups; one improving the eating habit and the other did not (p<0.05), and also there was a meaningful difference of the average variation for the fatigue index in both groups improving the sleeping habit (p<0.05), but was not a meaningful difference of the average variation for the vascular age, stress index, and health index between two groups. There was a meaningful difference of the average variation for the vascular age, stress index, fatigue index, and health index between two groups improving both eating and sleeping habit (p<0.05). In conclusion, the weight loss program was effective on the weight loss and BMI reduction and health related indices.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

In the midst of a continued discourse and development concerning design education and its impact on innovation and creativity, I believe that design education still holds the key to enhancing design methodology while increasing creativity by having students take on several creative roles in an interactive and enjoyable studio course. Clearly, there exist impediments that block the creative process in our standard track in design education; however, a course entitled "The Creative Workshop" can overcome such obstacles. Through this course, a student can learn the essential skills of a designer: inventive thinking, a sense of aesthetics, and a spirit of collaboration. In addressing each of the three essential elements, this course has devised role-plays in the way of projects. Simply put, students will be required to demonstrate and, therefore, express their unique creativity that may have otherwise gone muted. Such creative expression can take form in a low stakes, open forum that heralds the invaluable attribute in design such as creative freedom. As a result, the true spirit of creativity is fostered rather than mere aesthetics and styling. Moreover, through role plays, the focus shifts its center from design, allowing each student to explore the uncharted areas of one's own creativity which may come naturally to some extend while disconcerting to others. It may prove particularly uncomfortable for Korean students whose ideas about education have been directly connected to the strict and regimented school system that stresses adherence to standardization such as the national college entrance exam. This course, therefore, is aimed stretch the scope and scale of students' creativity as they learn to collaborate on role plays, utilizing diverse skills from various disciplines.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.604-610
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• 2007

A psychrotrophic strain 7195 showing extracellular lipolytic activity towards tributyrin was isolated from deep-sea sediment of Prydz Bay and identified as a Psychrobacter species. By screening a genomic DNA library of Psychrobacter sp. 7195, an open reading frame of 954 bp coding for a lipase gene, lipA1, was identified, cloned, and sequenced. The deduced LipA1 consisted of 317 amino acids with a molecular mass of 35,210 kDa. It had one consensus motif, G-N-S-M-G (GXSXG), containing the putative active-site serine, which was conserved in other cold-adapted lipolytic enzymes. The recombinant LipA1 was purified by column chromatography with DEAE Sepharose CL-4B, and Sephadex G-75, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in sequence. The purified enzyme showed highest activity at $30^{\circ}C$, and was unstable at temperatures higher than $30^{\circ}C$, indicating that it was a typical cold-adapted enzyme. The optimal pH for activity was 9.0, and the enzyme was stable between pH 7.0-10.0 after 24h incubation at $4^{\circ}C$. The addition of $Ca^{2+}\;and\;Mg^{2+}$ enhanced the enzyme activity of LipA1, whereas the $Cd^{2+},\;Zn^{2+},\;CO^{2+},\;Fe^{3+},\;Hg^{2+},\;Fe^{2+},\;Rb^{2+}$, and EDTA strongly inhibited the activity. The LipA1 was activated by various detergents, such as Triton X-100, Tween 80, Tween 40, Span 60, Span 40, CHAPS, and SDS, and showed better resistance towards them. Substrate specificity analysis showed that there was a preference for trimyristin and p-nitrophenyl myristate $(C_{14}\;acyl\; groups)$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.759-765
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• 2013

The gene encoding squalene synthase (SQS) of the lipid-producing heterotrophic microalga Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was cloned and characterized. The krsSQS gene is 1,551 bp in length and has two exons and one intron. The open reading frame of the gene is 1,164 bp in length, yielding a polypeptide of 387 predicted amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 42.7 kDa. The deduced krsSQS sequence shares at least four conserved regions known to be required for SQS enzymatic activity in other species. The protein, tagged with $His_6$, was expressed into soluble form in Escherichia coli. The purified protein catalyzed the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to squalene in the presence of NADPH and $Mg^{2+}$. This is the first report on the characterization of an SQS from a Thraustochytrid microalga.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2192-2198
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• 2016

The myeloid-specific IgA Fc receptor ($Fc{\alpha}R$) is a cell surface molecule on immunocytes that provides a fundamental connection between humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequence of swine $Fc{\alpha}RI$ ($swFc{\alpha}RI$) was isolated and characterized and found to contain a 792-base-pair open reading frame, encoding a 264-amino-acid transmembrane glycoprotein with a predicted molecular mass of 29.4 kDa. The $swFc{\alpha}RI$ shares high amino acid sequence homology (>50%) with its counterparts from cattle, seal, and horse. Rosetting analysis confirmed that COS-7 cells transfected with an $swFc{\alpha}RI$ expression plasmid was able to combine with chicken erythrocytes sensitized with porcine IgA, but not IgG.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.12-31
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop the qualification system for training of Quality improvement professionals who work for improving patients' safety and healthcare quality. Methods : Based on the various laws and regulations, and the operational status of other professionals' qualification systems, a basic plan of professional qualification system of QI was drawn. And through meetings with QI experts, the final scheme of the concrete qualification system was developed. Results : For management of professionals's certification or qualification, fairness and reliability are important. To do this, setting the official standard, providing a standardized training program and having appropriate qualification test are required. In order to operate the qualification system strategically, 1) the introduction step, 2) dissemination and expansion step, and 3) fusing step should be considered. As a governing body for QI specialists' qualification, 'QI professionals' qualification Center (tentative)' must have the committee to assure fairness, professionalism, and reliability. In addition, 'QI Experts Certification Department (tentative)" to develop standards for the qualification tests and conduct the tests program,' QI experts Education Department (tentative name)" must be able to operate and maintain the QI training for professional qualifications. QI professional qualification exam must be taken by everyone regardless of age, gender, race, occupation, education, and work experience. The examination should include management, leadership, strategic planning and design, quality management, health care information, patient safety culture. Practical training courses can have three step programs; beginning, intermediate and special level. Conclusion : The QI qualification system need strategic approaches for the experts working for healthcare quality improvement and patient safety. It should include the program of standardized contents and test, and operating protocol of the qualificaton system.