• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.644-648
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• 2005

Dextranase (${\alpha}$-1,6-D-glucan-6-glucanogydrolase:E.C. 3.2.1.11) catalyzes the hydrolysis of ${\alpha}$-(1.6) linkages of dextran. A lsd1 gene encoding an extracellular dextranase was isolated from the genomic DNA of L. starkeyi. The lsd11 gene is a synthetic dextranase (lsd1) after codon optimization for gene expression with Pichia pastoris system. A open reading frame of lsd11 gene was 1827 bp and it was inserted into the pPIC3.5K expression vector. The plasmid linearized by Sac I was integrated into the 5'AOX region of the chromosomal DNA of P. pastoris. The lsd11 gene fragment encoding a mature protein of 608 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 70 kDa, was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast P. pastoris by controling the alcohol oxidase-1 (AOX1) promoter. The recombinant lds11 was optimized by using the shake-flask expression and upscaled using fermentation technology. More than 9.8 mg/L of active dextranase was obtained after induction by methanol. The optimum pH of LSD11 was found to be 5.5 and the optimum temperature $28^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1363-1370
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• 2015

This study was aimed to determine effects of soil organic amendment as plant growing media component on restoration of planting ground. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties and germination and growth of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) were investigated. For treatments, soil was excavated at depth of 0-50 cm (referred as $S_1$) and at depth of 50-100 cm (referred as $S_2$). Then the half amount of $S_1$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment (coir dust 40% (v/v), bottom ash 25%, leaf mold 25%, vermiculite 5%, carbonized rice hull 5%) at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_1CC$) and also the half amount of $S_2$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_2CC$) on pot in a 16 cm diameter and 14 cm height. The experiment was replicated 3 times with 3 pots per replication in randomized block design, and 100 seeds were planted per pot. In results, there was no significant difference in soil pH among the treatments with a slight decrease in soil hydraulic conductivity. However, in the $S_1CC$ treatment, positive increases in soil chemical properties, including electrical conductivity, organic matter, phosphoric acid, total nitrogen, exchangeable cation, and cation exchange capacity. Also, the germination rate, plant height, and number of leaves were higher in the $S_1CC$ treatment than those in other treatments. These results suggest that the addition of organic amendment to the soil at depth of 0-50 cm might be proper for restoring planting ground.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2017

Closed mouth impression technique by using bite tray is preferred for single tooth impression taking. However, for implant impression taking, open mouth impression technique by using single arch tray is generally used whether it is for single implant or multiple implant. Closed mouth impression technique by using bite tray can save time and materials. It also decreases the chance of error occurrence when a model is mounted on an articulator. In this case report, we tried to show a satisfying result of fabricating single implant fixed prosthodontics after bite tray impression taking by using two different copings for closed mouth impression.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

Phenolic rich ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) from lotus leaves was prepared and its bioactive components, antioxidant and cytoprotective effects were investigated. EAF showed high total phenolic content and flavonoid content and contained rutin ($11,331.3{\pm}4.5mg/100g\;EAF$), catechin ($10,853.8{\pm}5.8mg/100g\;EAF$), sinapic acid ($1,961.3{\pm}5.6mg/100g\;EAF$), chlorogenic acid ($631.9{\pm}2.3mg/100g\;EAF$), syringic acid ($512.3{\pm}2.5mg/100g\;EAF$), and quercetin ($415.0{\pm}2.1mg/100g\;EAF$). EAF exerted the $IC_{50}$ of $4.46{\mu}g/mL$ and $5.35{\mu}g/mL$ toward DPPH and ABTS cation radicals, respectively, and showed strong reducing power, which was better than that of ascorbic acid, a positive control. Additionally, EAF protected hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage indicated by the conversion of supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA to the open circular form and inhibited lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid in a linoleic acid emulsion. In cultured hepatocytes, EAF exerted a cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress by inhibiting intracellular reactive oxygen species formation and membrane lipid peroxidation. In addition, depletion of glutathione under oxidative stress was remarkably restored by treatment with EAF. The results suggest that EAF have great potential to be used against oxidative stress-induced health conditions.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.103-128
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the family sharing time of housework and to examine the sharing time with family is influenced by socio-demographic variables. The Time Use Survey data collected by Korean National Statistical Office in 2009 is used. Among the total sample of 21,000 individuals, 9,179 samples who are married, aged from 20 to 59 years old and non-farmers are selected for analysis. The statistical methods are frequency, percentage, crosstabulation, t-test, and regression analysis. The following is a summary of the major findings. First, comparison of men and women shows women spend more time on housework than men do. But sharing housework time with family for men increase on Sunday. Performer average is almost same in men and women. Secondly, the family sharing time on housework is longer on Sunday. It is due to increase of men's family sharing time. It means that men's time substitute for women's housework. Thirdly, the influencing factors on family sharing housework are gender, age, education, presence of spouses, monthly income, dual earner status, weekly working hours, gender role atittude and presence of preschoolers. Family sharing housework is not only household labor but also family pleasure time. It means family policy should focus on making family time for workers fundamentally. And family policy needs to make a system of educational program for work-family balance.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2020

As a demand for a new video coding standard having higher coding efficiency than the existing standards is growing, recently, MPEG and VCEG has been developing and standardizing the next-generation video coding project, named Versatile Video Coding (VVC). Many inter prediction techniques have been introduced to increase the coding efficiency, and among them, an adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR) technique has contributed on increasing the efficiency of VVC. However, the best motion vector can only be determined by computing many rate-distortion costs, thereby increasing encoding complexity. It is necessary to reduce the complexity for real-time video broadcasting and streaming services, but it is yet an open research topic to reduce the complexity of AMVR. Therefore, in this paper, an efficient technique is proposed, which reduces the encoding complexity of AMVR. For that, the proposed method exploits a special VVC tree structure (i.e., multi-type tree structure) to accelerate the decision process of AMVR. Experiment results show that the proposed decision method reduces the encoding complexity of VVC test model by 10% with a negligible loss of coding efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.37
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• pp.133-148
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• 1998

This study presents the aspects and changing process of the habiliment from the National Liberation up to now by analyzing the articles of costume found in$\ulcorner$Maeil Shinmun$\lrcorner$from Jan. 1. 1946 to Dec. 31. 1996. In the period of 1946~1959, the political and economic conditions through the National Liberation and Korean war deteriorated and the interest in costumes were weakened. But the economic recovery and social stability in the middle of the 50's made the lost interest in costumes increase. From 1960 to 1969, the high economic growth was achieved by“Five year plans for Economic Development”and the progress of mass media, transportation, communication and education brought western culture to our society. It spread rapidly and changed the way of life and the sence of value. These phenomenon led to a great transition on the Korean costume culture in the 60's In 1970~1979, the articless of costume made a change from the 60's, which focused on women's wear, and tuned to one including general costumes not only women's wear but also men's wear due to the women's social roles, the unisexmode and diverse costume. In 1980~1989, the growth of the consumption, the banning of the school uniform, Asian Games(1986) and Olympic games(1988) caused the high qualification, personalization and diversification in the fashion industry. Further more, the traditional-oriented trend with korean culture was emphasized. It pursued the modernization of the traditional Korean Costume, Hanbok, to introduce the unique Korean Beauty. From 1990 to 1996, in the era of international-ization and open door policy, the competition of nations became intense and the comprehention about environmental destruction highlingted the concerns on ecology. The recognition of environmental protection and recycling were reflected in the fashion. It prevailed that the pursuit of personalization,. diverse style, practicality and the fashion leader called generation appeared.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.spc
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• pp.665-679
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• 2016

This study examined the main factors for activating rural tourism of Jeollabuk-do using big data analysis. The tourism big data was gathered from public open data sources and social network services (SNS), and the analysis tools, 'Opinion Mining', 'Text Mining', and 'Social Network Analysis(SNA)' were used. The opinion mining and text mining analysis identified the key local contents of the 14 areas of Jeollabuk-do and the evaluations of customers on rural tourism. Social network analysis detected the relationships between their contents and determined the importance of the contents. The results of this research showed that each location in Jeollabuk-do had their specific contents attracting visitors and the number of contents affected the scale of tourists. In addition, the number of visitors might be large when their tourism contents were strongly correlated with the other contents. Hence, strong connections among their contents are a point to activate rural tourism. Social network analysis divided the contents into several clusters and derived the eigenvector centralities of the content nodes implying the importance of them in the network. Tourism was active when the nodes at high value of the eigenvector centrality were distributed evenly in every cluster; however the results were contrary when the nodes were located in a few clusters. This study suggests an action plan to extend rural tourism that develop valuable contents and connect the content clusters properly.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.215-231
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• 2007

The Balanced Scorecard is known as an integrated performance management framework that helps enterprise to translate strategic objectives into relevant performance measurement within an organization. In recent years, the importance of framework development, implementation and deployment of Balanced Scorecard and Strategic Enterprise Management system have realized its value in public sectors performance management systems. However, the public domains can be characterized as non-profit organizations involving diverse stakeholders which may provoke obstacles to proper implementation. This paper offers an insight into strategic performance management systems design and implementation in Ministry of Information and Communication in Korea. The paper evaluated a number of key guidelines to understand the complexity of strategic performance management design and implementation to be successful in delivering strategic goals in public sector.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.451-457
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• 2018

The Sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus (SPCFV), of the genus Carlavirus (family Betaflexiviridae), was first detected as one of several viruses infecting sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas L.) in Korea. Out of 154 sweet potato samples collected in 2012 that were showing virus-like symptoms, 47 (31%) were infected with SPCFV, along with other viruses. The complete genome sequences of four SPCFV isolates were determined and analyzed using previously reported genome sequences. The complete genomes were found to contain 9,104-9,108 nucleotides, excluding the poly-A tail, containing six putative open reading frames (ORFs). Further, the SPCFV Korean isolates were divided into two groups (Group I and Group II) by phylogenetic analysis based on the complete nucleotide sequences; Group I and Group II had low nucleotide sequence identities of about 73%. For the first time, we determined the complete genome sequence for the Group II SPCFV isolates. The amino acid sequence identity in coat proteins (CP) between the two groups was over 90%, whereas the amino acid sequence identity in other proteins was less than 80%. In addition, SPCFV Korean isolates had a low amino acid sequence identity (61% CPs and 47% in the nucleotide-binding protein [NaBp] region) to that of Melon yellowing-associated virus (MYaV), a typical Carlavirus.