• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical characteristics of the leachate for the open(illegal) dumping waste. In this study, the open dumping waste were mixed with 0, 5, 10, 15% of bentonite in each Iysimeter as a rate of weight. The simulation was evaluated by CODcr, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$ and heavy metals in leachate. As a result, the mixed waste with bentonite in all Iysimeters showed the reduction of CODcr and heavy metals were hardly detected. The removal rate of ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$ was increased with the mixing rate of bentonite.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.3 no.4 s.11
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• pp.145-151
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• 2003

The domestic and the industry wastes which mainly come out of human life activities have been usually processed mainly by the incineration method and/or the method of reclamation. The method of reclamation, specially open dumping, has caused significant environmental pollution problems on the local or regional soil and groundwater system by leachate. Therefore, to investigate the 3-D structure characteristics of environmental pollution area is one of the hot subjects. We applied dipole-dipole method of electrical resistivity survey to investigate 3-D environmental contamination characteristics of the Noeun landfill area. For electrical resistivity survey, the line for measurements was established parallel to the main boundary of the Noeun landfill, for effective investigation of the whole landfill area. The result shows that the uppermost layer of the Noeun landfill is believed to be stabilized completely, based on the result of electrical resistivity values. However, the lowest layer of the Noeun landfill was partially polluted by leachate. Therefore, the electrical resistivity survey method is believed to be the one of the most effective methods to investigate three-dimensional distribution of leachate occurred in the lower part of landfill area.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2018

Improper management and unsanitary approaches are implemented in disposal of leachate, which has resulted in groundwater pollution at village Uruli Devachi, Pune, India. Various physico-chemical treatment methods are commercially available for leachate treatment. However, the application of biological methods viz. phytoremediation to the municipal solid waste landfill leachate has been limited. We report the remediation ability of Typha aungstifolia and Acrorus calamus that is capable of reducing hazardous constituents from the landfill leachate. After 96 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT), it was observed that T. aungstifolia-treated sample showed high reduction potential in reducing biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, hardness, total dissolved solids, Na, Mg, Ca and Ni whereas A. calamus showed greater reduction capacity for alkalinity, Cl, Cu, Zn and Cr. Furthermore, it was also observed that T. aungstifolia withstood longer HRT than A. calamus. In situ application of T. aungstifolia and A. calamus for remediation of landfill leachate carries a tremendous potential that needs to be further explored.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2000

The equipment of a landfill need whole cut off facilities so that leachate generated from the landfill primarily do not leak to the ocean. Also, the whole collected leachate need a consecutive clarification treatment to discharge. A method is considered the best among the three alternatives. The merits of this method are as follows; have no secondary pollution. can cut down the expense of treatment, have good effects on preventing external leakage, don't need a leachate well, reliable quality control and easy post management. The weaknesses of this method are as follows; need a thorough survey about underground water and quality of the soil, need a special process to use as the land.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2004

The reclaimed waste layer in a completed refuse small landfill site was stabilized by JSP(Jumbo Special Pattern System) method. There were some variations of landfill gases(LFGs) after the stabilization. This study investigated the landfill gases emitted from a open dumping landfill site. We measured concentration of landfill gases before and after the construction, and 28 months later. As a result, the concentrations of $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ gases before the construction were 123.51ppm and 171.54ppm, respectively. These values were higher than TWA(Time Weighted Average) values. But the concentrations of $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ gases after the construction were 55.59ppm and 20.51ppm, and they also decreased 9.04ppm and 11.82ppm in 28 months. $CH_4$ and other landfill gases after the construction were little or a little detected in the landfill site. Hence we found out that concentrations or classes of landfill gases causing some problems extremely decreased by way of the stabilization.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2005

노은 매립지는 사용종료된지 5년이 경과된 비위생매립지로 최종복토는 되어 있으나 침출수 차집시설 및 매립가스 포집설비가 제대로 갖추어지지 않은 상태이다. 환경부의 사용종료 매립 지 정비지침에 의하면 침출수의 BOD/CODcr 비율이 1/10 수준임으로 침출수의 안정화 과정이 거의 완결상태로 진행되고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 매립지 가스의 안정화 측면에서는 CH4의 비 율이 5%정도이기 때문에 안정화가 거의 이루어진 것으로 볼 수 있다. 매립된 쓰레기 중에서 플 라스틱을 제외한 가연물 함량이 3.97 - 9.34%이기 때문에 매립폐기물은 안정화 기준에 미흡한 상태이다. 그리고 지하수는 대장균 항목이 지하수 수질기준 생활용수 기준에 미흡하여 안정화 기준을 충족시키지 못하고 있다. 노은매립지는 매립지 안정화의 속도가 평가 대상별로 상이하 게 진행되는 것으로 평가된다.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 1998

In most of studies on solidification/stabilization with waste, small columns have been used to examinate adsorption or leachate. However, these experiments using small apparatus have been limited to apply with the field. In this study, considering an application to the field, a large Lysimeter(100cm$\times$100cm$\times$100cm) used for the simulation. Then, the open dumping waste was mixed directly with bentonite to simulate the stabilization of waste, environmental aspects and several basic tests. As a result, the concentration of heavy metals and contaminated substances changed with bentonite rate. Most of contaminated substances were decreased in leaching with increased mixing rate of bentonite. Especially, the concentration of CODcr removed 25~30%. Also, the residual soil in dumping waste produced approximately 80% of total volume by 40$\times$40mm screen.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-111
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• 2023

Pollution, climate change, and waste accumulation are only some of the new problems that have arisen because of the exponential population growth of the past few decades. As the global population expands, managing municipal solid trash becomes increasingly difficult. This is by far the most difficult obstacle for governments to overcome, especially in less developed nations. The improper open dumping of trash, which is causing mayhem across the country, has two immediate effects: it contaminates groundwater and surface water. Air pollution and the accumulation of greenhouse gases are both exacerbated by the release of methane and other harmful waste gases. Leachate from the landfill leaks underground and pollutes groundwater. In most cases, leachate moves into the groundwater zone and pollutes it after forming in association with precipitation that infiltrates via waste. This has far-reaching effects on people's health and disturbs the natural environment. This review article critically examines the current state of Solid Waste Management (SWM), addressing both the highlighted concerns and the government management solutions that have been put in place to address these issues. In addition, the constraints, and difficulties that India will face in the future in terms of solid waste management and the role of models for such a system are discussed.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.289-297
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• 2019

Indiscriminate disposal of waste and citation of open dumpsites are some of the key factors affecting the various soil geotechnical properties. Atterberg limit and consolidation tests were conducted to determine the effects of two open waste dumpsites (Uselu Market and New Benin) on geotechnical properties of their underlying soils. Soil sample collected from Uselu Market dumpsite in Benin City metropolis showed slightly lower hydraulic conductivity (K) of $1.0{\times}10^{-6}$ with plasticity index of 18.53% compared to sample collected 1.6 m from the same dumpsite which had high K value of $2.42{\times}10^{-3}$ with plasticity index of 6.9%. Soil sample collected from New Benin dumpsite in Benin City metropolis showed slightly lower K of $1.45{\times}10^{-6}$ with plasticity index of 13.8% than sample collected 1.6 m from the same dumpsite which had high K value of $2.14{\times}10^{-2}$ with plasticity index of 6.0%. X-ray florescent analyser (X-MET 7000) and direct soil pH meter were used to determine the composition of the aforementioned soil samples. The result of samples collected from both dumpsites indicated a low hydraulic conductivity compared to samples collected 1.6 m from both dumpsites. Also, the chemical composition and pH of both dumpsite underlying soils indicated high level of soil contaminants with pH of 3.3 and 3.5 which is very acidic unlike pH of other samples which were in the neutral range (6.8-7.1). Hence, a liner is recommended for all dumpsites or engineered landfill systems to mitigate against the challenges associated with open waste dumping system in the environment.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

Medical waste is any kind of waste that contains infectious material and recommended not to be transferred for infection control. As a means of disposal, incineration has better points than dumping or landfill in the quantity reduction, odorless and nonhazardous. However, open burning and incineration of health care wastes under bad circumstances, can result in the emission of environmental pollutants to air. A burial of biological waste brings pollution of soil and water. Most of sub divisional hospitals in Fiji transfer their medical wastes to divisional hospitals for incineration. In 2011, 62,518 kg of medical waste was incinerated in the three divisional hospitals. However, some medical wastes are considered as general waste and burnt or sent to landfill site, some are buried on site in some sub-divisional hospitals. In this regards, urgent education is necessary for awareness promotion to relevant personnel in medical waste treatment. On site incineration using small scale incinerator is more recommended than transportation of medical wastes treatment in Fiji. Moreover, remotely controllable and fixable small scale of incinerator is more desirable in sub-divisional hospitals. It is recommended that Fiji government to set up a legal framework for medical waste management (MWM), to develop specific guidelines for MWM, to set up a training system for MWM to ensure that all relevant personnel are trained, to develop a monitoring and supervision system for MWM, to clarify the future financing of MWM activities, and to improve the MWM infrastructure.