• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.240-245
• /
• 1988

This study was prospectively planned to realize the reduction of calcium ion in serum along with the cardiopulmonary bypass[CPB], to find out the cause of the reduction, and to verify the justification of the classical methods of calcium replacement. Nine patients with various open heart surgeries by CPB in 1987 wee selected at random. Calcium chloride was added as follows:: For each unit of ACD blood transfusion, 600mg of calcium chloride was added. In case of massive transfusion, 600 mg of calcium chloride was injected every 2 or 3 units of transfusion. On occasions such as weaning from CPB, or following defibrillation, or hypotension, weak myocardial contractility of the heart, calcium chloride was needed in an amount of 10 mg / kg. In ICU, calcium chloride was limited to use in low serum level or in emergency use. Total calcium decreased early bypass and progressively increased above the preoperative value during late bypass and three hours thereafter, Ionized calcium increased during late bypass and three hours following. Total and ionized calcium depicted similar patterns of change during open heart surgery. Decrease of the calcium at the early bypass was thought from reduction of total protein and alkalosis during bypass. Meanwhile, increase of both calciums during the end of surgery was presumably attributable to addition of calcium chloride in priming solution, injections of calcium chloride in the process of termination of bypass. We conclude that enough calcium was replaced by the classical methods of calcium supplement.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.267-276
• /
• 2022

Objectives: Recently a modified high-submandibular approach (HSMA) has been introduced for treatment of condylar fracture. This approach involves an incision line close to the mandibular angle and transmasseteric transection, leading to a low incidence of facial palsy and allowing good visualization of the condyle area, especially the condylar neck and subcondyle positions. This study reports several cases managed with this modified HSMA technique for treating condylar fractures. Materials and Methods: Six cases of condylar fractures treated with modified HSMA technique were reviewed. Results: Three unilateral subcondylar fracture, 1 bilateral subcondylar fracture, 1 unilateral condylar neck fracture, 1 unlateral simultaneous condylar neck and subcondylar fracture cases were reviewed. All the cases were successfully treated without any major complication. Conclusion: Reduction, fixation, and osteosynthesis of condylar fractures via the modified HSMA technique enabled effective and stable treatment outcomes. Therefore, the described approach can be used especially for subcondylar and condylar neck fractures with minimal complications.

• 셀메드
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.10.1-10.12
• /
• 2022

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Sharbat Afsantin in Polycystic Ovarian Disease. Methods: An open observational study was carried out in the Department of Ilmul Qabalat wa Amraze Niswan. Diagnosed cases(n=30) of PCOD were included in the study. Patients with thyroid dysfunction, systemic diseases, on hormonal treatment in last three months, pregnancy and lactation were excluded. Research drug (Sharbat Afsantin) was administered orally in a dose of 25ml twice daily for 15 days/cycle for three consecutive cycles. Outcome measures were, changes in subjective parameters (duration of cycle, duration and amount of flow and weight reduction) and objective parameters {pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score, basal metabolic index (BMI), modified Ferriman Gallwey (mFG) score, acanthosis nigricans scale and pelvic ultrasonography}. Data were analyzed using paired Student 't' test. Results: Changes in duration of cycle, duration and amount of flow were achieved in 83.3%, 50% and 40% patients respectively and weight reduction in 30% patients. Changes in PBAC score and BMI were achieved in 50% and 30% patients respectively and 30% patients showed normal findings on pelvic ultrasonography. Conclusion: Sharbat Afsantin can be used as an alternate remedy in PCOD patients, as it has significant effect to regularize menstruation by reduction in BMI and probably by improving insulin resistance in PCOD. No adverse effect of Sharbat Afsantin was noted during the trial.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.259-268
• /
• 1998

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of open space on temperature chang. In open space, lower temperature zones were formed, while high temperature zones were developed around urban areas. In forests and on water within open space, marked temperature reduction was recorded. The 10 % increase of the ratio of green space within fifty meters around the observation point decreased 0.33~0.43$^{\circ}C$ from the maximum temperature and 0.20~0.$25^{\circ}C$ from the minimum temperature. The increase of ten trees in the area decreased 0.33~0.49$^{\circ}C$ from the maximum temperature and 0.20~0.23$^{\circ}C$ from the minimum temperature.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.615-617
• /
• 2008

A novel and compact elliptic-function bandpass filter is proposed in this letter. The techniques of slot etching and the addition of open stubs are applied to enhance the self-inductance and self-capacitance of hexagonal open-loop resonators. Thus, size reduction and improved transmission performance are obtained. Compared to the performance of the conventional design, the central frequency and insertion loss are reduced by 28% and 3.1 dB, respectively. Measurements show that the proposed filter has a fraction bandwidth of 23% at the central frequency of 1.84 GHz, and its insertion loss in the passband is less than -1.5 dB. The bandpass filter occupies only 12 mm${\times}$21.2 mm (approximately $0.24{\lambda}_g{\times}0.14{\lambda}_g$).

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2007

Waste policies with waste metering system and recycling in 1995 have contributed to the reduction of solid waste generation. Now rural areas as well as urban areas produce less amount of solid wastes in terms of per capita. However most policies in relation to waste issue have been concentrated in urban areas. Large portion of agricultural waste in rural region are being illegally treated such as open incineration or burned out on the road. In this study, we assessed the atmospheric air quality and health risk by illegal open incineration in rural region. In case of benzene level, worst concentration during illegal open incineration was 0.23 ppm and cancer risk by exposure was estimated to $2.29{\times}10^{-3}$.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한견주관절학회 1998년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.59-59
• /
• 1998

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한견주관절학회 2009년도 제17차 학술대회
• /
• pp.124-125
• /
• 2009

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.4-12
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study sought to verify the usefulness of mini-implant and surgical steel wire in the treatment of mandibular fracture through the objective identifi cation of the change of bone structure and bone density before and after reduction by evaluating radiological change through fractal analysis when mandibular fracture is treated using mini-implant and surgical wire. Materials and Methods: This study looked at 45 patients (males: 38, female: 7) diagnosed with mandibular fracture in the oral and maxillofacial surgery division of Chung-Ang University Dental Hospital and who received open reduction and intra-osseous fi xation. Result: The average fracture dimension values were higher for the group of the patients who had mini-implants and surgical wire treatment. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study on the usefulness of the reduction technique using mini-implant and surgical steel wire in the treatment of mandibular fracture through the fractal analysis method, the reduction technique using mini-implant and surgical steel wire is regarded as an effective method of minimizing the gap between mandibular fracture fragments.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 2016

Irreducible traumatic knee dislocation is rare. The knee dislocation is classified depending on the incarcerated structures. Complete reduction is achieved by extracting the incarcerated structure. Several reports introduce the reduction of irreducible traumatic knee dislocation by open surgery or arthroscopy. This case describes irreducible posterolateral knee dislocation with interposition of the vastus medialis. Closed reduction failed in the emergency room, and complete reduction was attained by arthroscopically sectioning the muscle and fascia of the vastus medialis in the intercondylar notch.