• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.329-335
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• 2018

Offline-first strategy is that it allows data to be saved while offline, and when connected online, data is synchronized to ensure that all devices have the same data. Multi-device is a term that shares data through synchronization on various platforms on Android, ios, etc. First, all of the data is stored in the local repository like SQLite and then on the server via HTTP communication. Then, the synchronization is completed by receiving the changed data from the server and storing it in the local repository at the time of the synchronization, and sending the changes to the server from the client. We proposed and implemented a database structure, APIs, and a illustrative application running on PC and Android phone.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.2944-2958
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• 2021

Today, online education is becoming more important. The effectiveness of online education has been measured by student satisfaction and the possibility of substituting offline education. This study proposes a plan to increase the effectiveness of education in a new form by using online information. Education is the process of socializing and growing learners. Representative negative emotions experienced by learners are stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD). A reduction in SAD will promote student growth and improve educational outcomes. This paper considers online information by dividing it into online educational information support (OEDIS) and online emotional information support (OEMIS). We demonstrate that OEDIS reduces SAD, and OEMIS reduces stress and anxiety. By providing online information, negative emotions can be reduced, and educational outcomes can be improved. This study suggests a new role for online information support, such as emotional change in individuals and solving psychological problems. Online information support goes beyond knowledge transfer and can be used in various fields, such as online education that promotes human growth and positive change, and even healthcare.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.137-150
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• 2016

A variety of O2O (Online to Offline) services such as Uber, Airbnb, and KakaoTaxi that create new values by connecting offline and online have emerged in the world. O2O services support the convenience of online services and the real-life capability of offline services simultaneously. Thanks to the development of ICTs such as mobility, IoT (Internet of Things), Fin-tech, and big data technologies, the market size of O2O industry is growing very rapidly. This paper reviews various O2O services and industry trends in Korea. In addition, important issues on O2O services and industry promotion are reviewed and presented. Specifically, legislative issues regulating the O2O industry in Korea, interest conflicts between new O2O platform providers and existing traditional offline service providers, current technology infrastructures for O2O services, and negative or side effects of O2O services are reviewed and summarized. Finally, comprehensive policy directions are proposed based on these reviewed issues. It is expected that the proposed policy directions would be adopted by the government and this research could consequently contribute to strengthening the competitiveness of the O2O industry in Korea.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.41-54
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• 2016

Recently, in the arena of online shopping, the gap between offline channel and online channel tends to be narrowed significantly. Though previous studies also represent this trend, it still remains ambiguous how much offline trust has a significant influence on user's online shopping behaviors. Furthermore, those research issues such as how individual neuroticism, uncertainty, and transaction cost plays an important role in explaining user's online shopping satisfaction and continuance intention. In this sense, this study aims to organize a new research model including offline trust, uncertainty, transaction cost, satisfaction, and continuance intention. Especially, we are interested in investigating how much moderating effects the individual neuroticism possesses for the paths among the rest of constructs. By using 406 valid questionnaires, we found empirically that transaction cost affects user's online shopping continuance intention, but it has no influence on satisfaction. The individual neuroticism has full moderating effects on the paths on the rest of constructs included in the proposed research model.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2000

Recently Korean firms are increasingly interested in Internet business while the number of Internet users reaches more than 10 million in Korea. As e-commerce develops rapidly, customer-oriented marketing for online business becomes very important. The issue of how to achieve customer satisfaction in Internet business and how to plan a marketing strategy for online business faced managers of Internet business. Customer-satisfaction is much more important for Internet businesses than for traditional offline 'brick and mortars'. Marketing activities need to be carried out on customer-orientation to achieve high level of customer satisfaction. This paper will discuss how to develop customer-oriented marketing for online business. It will specifically study the characteristics and success factors of Internet business, differences between online marketing and traditional marketing, selection of target market, and online marketing-mix strategy for e-business in view of customer-orientation. Finally it will suggest a future direction for online fashion business by applying the customer-oriented marketing of Internet business to the fashion business.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.117-122
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• 2008

As the industrialization and urbanization are advanced rapidly, the apartment housing has been in excessive supply. Also, the apartment housing that offers modern people a comfortable life has been the typical housing type in Korea. Meanwhile, people today have lost their morality and communities have been dissolved because of a sudden social change. But the lost morality can be recovered when the communities are established. As more increasing in the residents' demands, it is enlarging of residents' interests and participations in pursuit of quality of life. In this process, residents' participation has occurred of their free will not only in offline communities but also online communities. For developing of IT technology, people using internet have exceeded 75% and development of online communities in apartment housing have boundless potentialities despite in a delicate situation that is at the same time and same space. The purpose of this study is that examine the possibilities and directions of participation, as it attempts to grasp the present conditions and problems of online community. In the study, we searched the word, apartment housing, on portal site to apprehensive the status of residents' voluntary participation on online community. According to research, residents' voluntary participation on online community was divided into three frames, such as remodeling, planed resident and designing friendship. Finally we found out resident's contents of communication and structure of their participation by these frames. As a result, participation on online community helps residents who have been not take part in offline community because of limited time in spite of difficulty of lasting participation. From now on, it will have possibility to increase and revitalize new communities on the purpose.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.345-365
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• 2020

At present, many machine leaning and data mining methods are used for analyzing and predicting structural response characteristics. However, the platform that combines big data analysis methods with online and offline analysis modules has not been used in actual projects. This work is dedicated to developing a multifunctional Hadoop-Spark big data platform for bridges to monitor and evaluate the serviceability based on structural health monitoring system. It realizes rapid processing, analysis and storage of collected health monitoring data. The platform contains offline computing and online analysis modules, using Hadoop-Spark environment. Hadoop provides the overall framework and storage subsystem for big data platform, while Spark is used for online computing. Finally, the big data Hadoop-Spark platform computational performance is verified through several actual analysis tasks. Experiments show the Hadoop-Spark big data platform has good fault tolerance, scalability and online analysis performance. It can meet the daily analysis requirements of 5s/time for one bridge and 40s/time for 100 bridges.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.3-18
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• 2001

The Internet is taking up every single life of us with a huge speed of growth. If the ideal market called 'perfect competition' in economics will ever come true in this digital world, the sellers won't be able to have monopolistic profits above the marginal cost any more, letting the resource allocation much more efficient. This paper attempts to test whether this theory is true in e-market as well through observing price differences between online and offline retailers of extremely homogeneous products, CDs. Since most results from previous research were supporting the inefficiency of e-market in price level, price adjustment, and especially price dispersion, this article designed the research methodology most carefully. The results of pervious works are partly due to the immaturity of the Internet market or due to the uniqueness of the American CD market, where oligopolistic market players are significantly dominant. The analysis of price data of 20 titles from 20 retailers for five weeks supports that online market is more efficient than offline market with statistical significance in all the three dimensions. We could conclude that the e-market is going much more efficient at least compared to the offline market and the more would it be unless the sellers resist and prevent comparison-shopping.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.764-774
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in consumer clothing shopping orientation and shopping behaviors by the multi-selection of internet and offline stores. The data were collected from 201 men and women in their twenties and the respondents were grouped into three as internet-store users, multi-store users, and offline-store users. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, ANOVA, post-hoc analysis, frequency analysis, and chi-square analysis. The results are as following. First, the clothing shopping orientation was partly different among the groups. Regarding the offline shopping orientation, the groups showed difference in the impulsive orientation, and regarding the online shopping orientation, the groups showed differences in the goal oriented and enjoying orientation. In all the three cases, the internet users showed strongest orientation, and the next were multi-store users and offline-store users. The cause of these results were explained as the familiarity and experience with the channel. Second, the clothing shopping behaviors were also partly different among the groups. The groups showed no differences in the preferred store type and benefits sought, but showed significant difference in the attitude toward the internet shopping. The internet-store users showed most positive attitude, and the next were multi-store users and offline-store users.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2004

As electronic commerce establishes itself as a viable and competitive channel, this research compares the attractiveness of online and offline purchase from a transaction cost perspective. In the process, we propose a framework that integrates transaction cost with purchase decision process and product type. Specifically, the paper proposes and tests hypotheses regarding the difference between online and offline channels with respect to the transaction costs incurred in each stage of the purchase decision process. These differences are further compared across different product types categorized according to the FCB Grid. A total of 24 hypotheses were tested by conducting a questionnaire survey on university students. The results showed that 19 out of 24 hypotheses were supported. Following a detailed presentation of the analysis results, the paper concludes by discussing the academic and managerial implications of the findings.