• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.52-59
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• 2009

In the study will look into how Baroque concepts are expressed in architectural space by analyzing the concepts of Baroque formative vocabularies applied in his architecture through a Spanish architect Paolo Portoghesi. Baroque is regarded as the philosophical thought that means enlargement toward diversity of a firm and fixed trend beyond the concept of a certain epochal form of 16th and 17th century architecture. In addition, it is from the free attitude and the intelligent and formal stereotype, and signifies common conditions more than one style in architecture history. Paolo Portoghesi proposes to express gestalt approach by Baroque precedent in his architecture through plasticity and geometric collision technique. Here, the expression of plasticity means the effect that gives formative rhythm to Baroque curved structures. That is the method to expand the formative possibility by changing various materials such as bricks, concrete, and timbers. Second, the geometric collision technique is the technique to constitute the flat form of overall space through the juxtaposition technique, Baroque symmetrical and homogeneous geometric manipulation technique. Accordingly, this study will overcome Inlimitation of formative monotony and expression of abstraction that modernism architecture has, and examine formative waste and conflicts which may be derived from impractical architectural languages of the concept of excessive disorder or the minimum form. This discussion is considered as the first step to tune balance between productivity and formativeness in modern architecture.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.709-726
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• 2018

Database classification is an important preprocessing step for the multi-database mining (MDM). In fact, when a multi-branch company needs to explore its distributed data for decision making, it is imperative to classify these multiple databases into similar clusters before analyzing the data. To search for the best classification of a set of n databases, existing algorithms generate from 1 to ($n^2-n$)/2 candidate classifications. Although each candidate classification is included in the next one (i.e., clusters in the current classification are subsets of clusters in the next classification), existing algorithms generate each classification independently, that is, without taking into account the use of clusters from the previous classification. Consequently, existing algorithms are time consuming, especially when the number of candidate classifications increases. To overcome the latter problem, we propose in this paper an efficient approach that represents the problem of classifying the multiple databases as a problem of identifying the connected components of an undirected weighted graph. Theoretical analysis and experiments on public databases confirm the efficiency of our algorithm against existing works and that it overcomes the problem of increase in the execution time.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.6 s.123
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• pp.491-497
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• 2007

Reasonably accurate estimation of the exposed population to the distinct levels of noise is essential to the efficient management of urban environmental noise. This study proposes a method of calculating the number of exposed people to industrial noise by using GIS tool and noise mapping. The exposed population of noise based on estimation of the number of people that lived in each building in urban area is compared with the one based on density of population. This study suggests the five step method that consists of gathering the fundamental data, extracting the property from the digital map, noise mapping based on the three dimensional topography, estimating population that lives in each building, merging the various results with GIS tool, and estimating exposed population to industrial noise through analyzing the noise map with GIS tools.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2022

Because sulfur hexafluoride(SF₆) is classified as one of the six major greenhouse gases, SF₆ handling in power plant such as recovery, purification, and reuse is considered to be important. KEPCO has focused to develop the advanced recovery and purification technology of SF₆ reuse. SF₆ analysis includes the on-site analyses and on-line analyzer; i.e., (1) on-site analysis has an error rate of ±0.5% and (2) on-line analysis has an error rate of ±0.1%, which is possible to adjust operating conditions and to make the work more conveniently by analyzing SF₆ concentration before and after purification step. This paper presents an online analysis method in the SF₆ purification and reuse system. In addition, the analysis results and quality guarantees for each section of the analysis system were presented.

• Mycobiology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.345-356
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• 2022

The fungal distribution, diversity, and load were analyzed in the geographically segregated island groundwater systems in Korea. A total of 79 fungal isolates were secured from seven islands and identified based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. They belonged to three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chlorophyta), five classes, sixteen orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-one genera. The dominant phylum was Ascomycota (91.1%), with most fungi belonging to the Cladosporium (21.5%), Aspergillus (15.2%), and Stachybotrys (8.9%) genera. Cladosporium showed higher dominance and diversity, being widely distributed throughout the geographically segregated groundwater systems. Based on the diversity indices, the genera richness (4.821) and diversity (2.550) were the highest in the groundwater system of the largest scale. As turbidity (0.064-0.462) increased, the overall fungal count increased and the residual chlorine (0.089-0.308) had low relevance compared with the total count and fungal diversity. Cladosporium showed normal mycelial growth in de-chlorinated sterilized samples. Overall, if turbidity increases under higher fungal diversity, bio-deterioration in groundwater-supplying facilities and public health problems could be intensified, regardless of chlorine treatment. In addition to fungal indicators and analyzing methods, physical hydrostatic treatment is necessary for monitoring and controlling fungal contamination.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.45-61
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• 2023

Number talks as a brief instructional routine benefits students and teachers. In general, the routines consist of four steps- introducing, posing questions, collecting answers, sharing ideas. This paper focuses on the sharing ideas step in which multiple strategies are shared by students because teachers sometimes do not know what to do with these multiple ideas. One way is to support students to engage in comparison given that teachers are expected to support students to compare strategies in number talks. This paper explores whether and how 15 prospective teachers supported students in their practicum classroom to compare different strategies in their enacted number talk. In this paper, 15 videos of number talks enacted by the prospective teachers were collected. Analyzing the videos produced multiple episodes in relation to comparing strategies, including 1) where prospective teachers created pre-conditions for comparison, 2) where they invited students for comparison, 3) where they pressed students to compare, and 4) where they offered their own way to compare. There were two patterns that might limit the potential of having multiple strategies as conditions for comparison. Additionally, this paper found that even though the prospective teachers missed opportunities to support students to compare different strategies, there were two ways for teachers to support students to engage in comparison. These findings can be used for mathematics teacher educators to support prospective teachers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.114-114
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• 2020

Water contamination in a water distribution network (WDN) is harmful since it directly induces the consumer's health problem and suspends water service in a wide area. Actions need to be taken rapidly to countermeasure a contamination event. A contaminant source ident ification (CSI) is an important initial step to mitigate the harmful event. Here, a CSI approach focused on determining the contaminant intrusion possible location and time (PLoT) is introduced. One of the methods to discover the PLoT is an inverse calculation to connect all the paths leading to the report specification of a sensor. A filtering procedure is then applied to narrow down the PLoT using the results from individual sensors. First, we spatially reduce the suspect intrusion points by locating the highly suspicious nodes that have similar intrusion time. Then, we narrow the possible intrusion time by matching the suspicious intrusion time to the reported information. Finally, a likelihood-score is estimated for each suspect. Another important aspect that needs to be considered in CSI is that there are inherent uncertainties, such as the variations in user demand and inaccuracy of sensor data. The uncertainties can lead to overlooking the real intrusion point and time. To reflect the uncertainties in the CSI process, the Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) is conducted to explore the ranges of PLoT. By analyzing all the accumulated scores through the random sets, a spread of contaminant intrusion PLoT can then be identified in the network.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.497-509
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• 2007

Among many remedial approaches against the increasing unfavorableness toward school science, one of the prevalent findings studied by affective experts is that students' achievement in science and their attitude toward it has a relatively weak relationship. In contrast, cognitive experts assert that the conceptual change involves more than cognitive aspects, and may be influenced by affective factors such as beliefs, motivation, learning attitudes, and sociocultural contexts. The latter regards continuous conceptual change as leading to better student understanding of science with variables of students' attitude toward science. As an initial step toward illuminating the affective-cognitive learning aspects of science, the purpose of this study is to develop an instrument for analyzing the relationship between students' conceptual understanding and affective factors. Cognitive questionnaires from the database of distribution in students' misconceptions of physics (DMP project), and affective questionnaires from the Relevance of Science Education (ROSE project) are integrated into our instrument. The respondents are high school students in Okayama prefecture, Japan. Through the pilot test, the authors integrated attitude toward science (AS) and interest inventory (II) from ROSE into cognitive understanding (CD) from DMP. Statistical methodologies such as factor analysis and item total correlation theoretically discerned the effective sixty-three items from the two original item pools. Having discussed two validity issues, the authors suggest ongoing research associated with our affective-cognitive research perspective.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2011

RSA-CRT algorithm is widely used to improve the performance of RSA algorithm. However, it is also vulnerable to side channel attacks like as general RSA. One of the power attacks on RSA-CRT, proposed by Boer et al., is a power analysis which utilizes reduction steps of RSA-CRT algorithm with equidistant chosen messages, called as ECMPA(Equidistant Chosen Messages Power Analysis) or MRED(Modular Reduction on Equidistant Data) analysis. This method is to find reduction output value r=xmodp which has the same equidistant patterns as equidistant messages. One can easily compute secret prime p from exposure of r. However, the result of analysis from a reduction step in [5] is remarkably different in our experiment from what Boer expected in [5]. Especially, we found that there are Ghost key patterns depending on the selection of attack bits and selected reduction algorithms. Thus, in this paper we propose several Ghost key patterns unknown to us until now, then we suggest enhanced and detailed analyzing methods.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-57
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• 2001

Categorical data has sometimes misclassification errors. If this data will be analyzed, then estimated cell probabilities could be biased and the standard Pearson X2 tests may have inflated true type I error rates. On the other hand, if we regard wellclassified data with misclassified one, then we might spend lots of cost and time on adjustment of misclassification. It is a necessary and important step to ask whether categorical data is misclassified before analyzing data. In this paper, when data is misclassified at one of two variables for two-dimensional contingency table and marginal sums of a well-classified variable are fixed. We explore to partition marginal sums into each cells via the concepts of Bound and Collapse of Sebastiani and Ramoni (1997). The double sampling scheme (Tenenbein 1970) is used to obtain informations of misclassification. We propose test statistics in order to solve misclassification problems and examine behaviors of the statistics by simulation studies.