• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1259-1266
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• 2014

Road signs provide important safety information about road and traffic conditions to drivers. Road signs include not only common traffic signs but also warning information regarding unexpected obstacles and road constructions. Therefore, accurate detection and identification of road signs is one of the most important research topics related to safe driving. In this paper, we propose a 3-D vision technique to automatically detect and track road signs in a video sequence which is acquired from a stereo vision camera mounted on a vehicle. First, color information is used to initially detect the sign candidates. Second, the SVM (Support Vector Machine) is employed to determine true signs from the candidates. Once a road sign is detected in a video frame, it is continuously tracked from the next frame until it is disappeared. The 2-D position of a detected sign in the next frame is predicted by the 3-D motion of the vehicle. Here, the 3-D vehicle motion is acquired by using the 3-D pose information of the detected sign. Finally, the predicted 2-D position is corrected by template-matching of the scaled template of the detected sign within a window area around the predicted position. Experimental results show that the proposed method can detect and track many types of road signs successfully. Tracking comparisons with two different methods are shown.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2011

도시의 온도상승의 주요 인자 중 하나가 도시부 도로이다. 본 연구의 목적은 도시도로 녹지가 표면온도의 저감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 서울시 도로 18개 지점을 선정하여 도로횡단구성요소(주변토지이용, 차도, 보도, 식수대, 중앙분리대)별로 열화상 카메라로 표면온도를 조사하고, 도시도로 녹지 면적을 측정하였다. 도시도로 녹지의 도로 표면온도 저감에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 도로 주변토지이용이 녹지 및 오픈스페이스일 경우 도로온도에 미치는 영향이 가장 크며, 식생중앙분리대의 면적, 식수대의 면적 순으로 표면온도를 저감시키는 것으로 나타났다. 도로주변 뿐만 아니라 도로설계의 구성요소 내에서 식수대, 중앙분리대 등의 녹지면적 증가는 도로의 표변온도 저감에 영향을 미친다. 도시의 고온화현상을 완화하기 위하여 도시도로 녹지 면적을 증가시키는 것도 한 방편이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2005

This paper presents a scheme for experimentally analyzing bounce, roll and pitch frequencies of major systems of a large truck using a multi-axial road simulator. The excitation input (amplitude and frequency range) fur a frequency response test with the multi-axial road simulator is selected in order that bounce, roll and pitch modes are not coupled each other, the excitation amplitude can be reproduced in a specified excitation frequency range, and tires do not lose contact with posters. Three accelerometers, one gyroscope and four displacement meters are used in the frequency response test using the multi-axial road simulator. The reliability of the presented bounce mode frequency response test scheme is validated by comparing the result from a test using the multi-axial road simulator with the result from a road driving test. The road driving test is performed with velocities of 20km/h and 30km/h, and in an unladen state. The vertical accelerations at the cab and the front axle are measured in the road driving test. The roll and pitch mode frequency response tests are also performed with the presented frequency response test scheme. Roll and pitch frequencies of major systems of a large truck that are hard to acquire from a road driving test are analyzed as well as bounce frequency.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.92-102
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• 2004

본 연구는 국도의 경관구성요소인 산, 하늘, 도로포장면, 가로수, 논밭, 간판ㆍ전신주, 건물, 구조체, 비탈면, 방호ㆍ방음벽, 중앙분리대의 시각량 분석을 통하여 시대별 경관변화를 파악한 결과, 1.국도의 경관구성요소 중 각 시대별로 가장 높은 시각량을 나타낸 것은 도로포장면으로서 국도경관을 분석 평가함에 있어서 도로의 선형은 시각적으로 중요한 구성요소의 하나로 다루어져야 함을 알 수 있었다. 2.국도의 시대별 경관변화는 중앙분리대(F＝33.296)와 가로수(F＝32.881)에 의한 차이가 가장 두드러진 것으로 나타났으며, 다음 순으로는 하늘(F＝24.735)과 산(F＝23.477)이 유사한 정도의 차이값을 나타내고 있다. 그러나 건물과 구조체는 통계적으로 차이가 없음이 판명되었다. 3.국도건설은 점차적으로 자연적 요소의 감소와 인공적 요소에 의한 경관이 주를 이루게 됨을 알 수 있었다. 이는 아직까지 국도건설이 경관적ㆍ생태적 건강성을 인지하고 있음에도 불구하고 접근성과 이동성의 기능중심의 논리에서 벗어나지 못하고 있는 현실적 문제를 보여주는 결과이다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to clarify the transitional process of spatial configuration of 'Topdong Yangdalmal'; One of the existing 22 old settlements in cheongju city. The results are as follows. 1) Side roads are derived from Inner road until 1970, so large-scale lots are subdivided small-scale lots. The houses are mostly in 1970s and 1980s. The existing old houses are 11, their orientation are East South, and the entrance gives on side road. The orientation, court yard, and entrance of the houses nearby side roads keep ongoing, in spite of alteration and extension. Especially, Entrance is changed by the new arterial roads and subdivided lots, but, the houses nearby side roads are continued as in the past. 2) The newly built houses in 1970's are 20, and it's arrangements are equal to existing old one. The orientation of houses after 1980's is the same in 1970's. But, the entrance is changed by subdivided lots, and the size of the court yard are reduced or disappeared. In other hand, the houses as the same size of the existing houses, and Storyincrease continue court yard as in the past. Therefore, the houses which are nearby inner road, and increase story, are continued, in spite of the newly built one.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

고령화가 진행될수록 고령운전자의 수 역시 증가될 것으로 예상되어 향후 고령운전자에 의한 교통사고는 급증할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 고속도로 교통사고 발생시 고령층과 비고령층의 구분에 따른 교통사고 특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 비고령층에 비해 고령층에 작용하는 영향요인이 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 로짓모형을 통해 비고령층과 고령층의 Odds Ratio를 분석하여 사고영향요인에 따른 차이점을 알아보았으며 고령운전자의 사고 분석 모형을 개발하였다. 비고령층에 비해 곡선구간 및 절토구간, 노면의 습기상태일 때 고령운전자의 사고위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2017

After the conclusion of the $18^{th}$ CPCNationalCongress, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone was established, and the One Belt One Road Initiative was brought up. These measures accelerate the development of international commercial activities as related disputes grow in variety and quantity. To better settle international commercial disputes and increase the influence of China in this area, this article reviews and analyzes the development of international commercial arbitration in China. In the conclusion part, it gives suggestions for international commercial arbitration in China in order to improve and accelerate the further development of international commercial arbitration in China.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.851-860
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• 2012

In this study, to evaluate the abatement of runoff pollution loads by the road sweeping(cleaning), various investigations are implemented at the sample area of the highway. As the results of evaluating the removal efficiency of pollutants along road cleaning, TSS showed about 78 % of the removal efficiency and COD showed 49 % of removal efficiency through the operation of cleaning vehicle of vacuum suction method. In case of TN and TP, they showed the relatively-lower removal efficiency by 30~35 %. TSS removal efficiency along the number of cleaning appeared about 60 % in case of one time of cleaning and the additional removal effect did not appear though the number of cleaning increased to two times. With running speed of cleaning vehicle, TSS removal ratio is lessened from 60 % to 20 % when cleaning vehicle speed up to 20 km/hr from 6 km/hr. It seems that the reasons why the removal efficiencies are inversely proportional to its speed are related to the lower vacuum efficiencies and the disturbed particles on the road. In the pollutant build-up analysis, it is showed that it takes more time to the critical pollutant build-up in the shoulder than the center of the road. It is also showed that the proper cleaning cycle is recommended as 4~6 dry weather days without rainfall events.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Efficiency Improvement of a public road construction project management work using the development of a real-time remote site monitoring system METHODS : In this study, we developed the remote site monitoring system using a web camera for road construction projects in the RCMA(Regional Construction Management Administration). We can be monitored a construction progress and a weak point of the situation in real time using this. To achieve this, we tested about 10 road construction projects ordered by RCMA. Then, we verified a applicability for the site monitoring system in future. RESULTS : Take advantage of the remote site monitoring system consists of the Construction CALS System, one of the business systems used in the part of the MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs) institution-agencies. Was configured to be served through the "Construction CALS System" of "Construction Management System(Contractors)" and the "Construction CALS Portal System". Through this, Benefit analysis through a pilot application of the 10 road construction sites and developing considerations and "Guide for visual information processing equipment installation-operating in construction sites"are presented. CONCLUSIONS : Through the establishment of remote site monitoring system can improve the efficiency of construction management services. In addition, Various disasters and calamities, accidents and illegal construction will be prevented in advance is expected. This is expected to further improve the quality of the facilities.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2017

PURPOSES : Pavement Management System contains the data that describe the condition of the road. Under limited budget, the data can be utilized for efficient plans. The objective of this research is to develop a mixed integer program model that maximizes remaining durable years (or Lane-Kilometer-Years) in road maintenance planning. METHODS : An optimization model based on a mixed integer program is developed. The model selects a cluster of sectors that are adjacent to each other according to the road condition. The model also considers constraints required by the Seoul Metropolitan Facilities Management Corporation. They select two lanes at most not to block the traffic and limit the number of sectors for one-time construction to finish the work in given time. We incorporate variable cost constraints. As the model selects more sectors, the unit cost of the construction becomes smaller. The optimal choice of the number of sectors is implemented using piecewise linear constraints. RESULTS : Data (SPI) collected from Pavement Management System managed by Seoul Metropolitan City are fed into the model. Based on the data and the model, the optimal maintenance plans are established. Some of the optimal plans cannot be generated directly in existing heuristic approach or by human intuition. CONCLUSIONS:The mathematical model using actual data generates the optimal maintenance plans.